Abstract:
:Despite the best efforts of influenza scientists, companies and health officials to prepare for the next pandemic, most of the world's people will not have access to affordable supplies of vaccines and antiviral agents. They will have to rely on 19th century public health 'technologies' to see them through. In the 21st century, science ought to be able to provide something better. Influenza scientists study the molecular characteristics of influenza viruses and their signaling effects in cell culture and animal models of infection. While these studies have been enormously informative, they have been unable to explain the system-wide effects of influenza on the host, the increased mortality of younger adults in the 1918 influenza pandemic and the much lower mortality rates in children who were more commonly infected with the 1918 virus. Experiments by non-influenza scientists have defined common cell signaling pathways for acute lung injury caused by different agents, including inactivated H5N1 influenza virus. These pathways include several molecular targets that are up-regulated in acute lung injury and down-regulated by anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agents, including statins, fibrates, and glitazones. These agents also help reverse the mitochondrial dysfunction that accompanies multi-organ failure, something often seen in fatal Influenza. Observational studies suggest that statins are beneficial in treating patients with pneumonia (there are no such studies for fibrates and glitazones). Other studies suggest that these agents might be able to 'roll back' the self-damaging host response of young adults to the less damaging response of children and thus save lives. Research is urgently needed to determine whether these and other agents that modify the host response might be useful in managing H5N1 influenza and the next pandemic.
journal_name
Influenza Other Respir Virusesjournal_title
Influenza and other respiratory virusesauthors
Fedson DSdoi
10.1111/j.1750-2659.2009.00090.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-07-01 00:00:00pages
129-42issue
4eissn
1750-2640issn
1750-2659pii
IRV090journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::When the influenza A (H1N1) pandemic spread across the globe from April 2009 to August 2010, many WHO Member States used antiviral drugs, specifically neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) oseltamivir and zanamivir, to treat influenza patients in critical condition. Antivirals have been found to be effective in reducing sev...
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journal_title:Influenza and other respiratory viruses
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/irv.12530
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/irv.12049
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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doi:10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00369.x
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pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Influenza and other respiratory viruses
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
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