Abstract：
:Every bulky lesion in DNA can potentially inhibit the Taq DNA polymerase and thereby decrease the amplification produced in the polymerase chain reaction. We investigated the feasibility of using this inhibition to quantify DNA lesions produced by the anticancer drug cisplatin. Products were detected by electrophoresis followed by ethidium bromide staining. Quantitation was obtained by including [32P]dCTP in the amplification reaction and subsequently assessing the incorporated radioactivity. Hamster genomic DNA was platinated in vitro to defined levels and amplified with primers that produce either a 150, 750 or 2,000 base pair fragment. The degree of inhibition of PCR agreed with the predicted level of DNA platination in each size of fragment, suggesting that the polymerase was inhibited by every cisplatin-induced lesion. This method was used to detect cisplatin-induced lesions in the adenine phosphoribosyltransferase gene of CHO cells. Cells were incubated with 0-125 microM cisplatin for 2 h, the DNA was purified and subjected to PCR. A significant decrease in amplification of the 2 kbp fragment was observed in DNA from cells incubated with cisplatin at 75 microM. The degree of inhibition agreed closely with the amount of DNA damage in the overall genome as measured by atomic absorption. No change was detected in amplification of the 150 base fragment which can therefore be used to normalize data for any variations between DNA samples. This assay has the same sensitivity as other methods currently used for the analysis of gene-specific damage. The advantage of this assay is that it obviates the need for specific endonuclease complexes to recognize and cleave DNA adducts as previously required when analyzing damage in specific genomic sequences.
journal_name
Nucleic Acids Resjournal_title
Nucleic acids researchauthors
Jennerwein MM,Eastman Adoi
10.1093/nar/19.22.6209subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-11-25 00:00:00pages
6209-14issue
22eissn
0305-1048issn
1362-4962journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The Cox protein from bacteriophage P2 forms oligomeric filaments and it has been proposed that DNA can be wound up around these filaments, similar to how histones condense DNA. We here use fluorescence microscopy to study single DNA-Cox complexes in nanofluidic channels and compare how the Cox homologs from phages P2 ...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkw352
更新日期：2016-09-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Sequences from -3500 to +1365 of the chicken histone H5 gene have been analyzed for the presence of cis-acting elements in H5 expressing (transformed CFU-E) and non-expressing cells (fibroblasts). The region from -3500 to -115 had little effect on transcription. Proximal upstream sequences contain a negative element (...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/17.18.7495
更新日期：1989-09-25 00:00:00
abstract：:A comparison of gene structure, sequence, and transcription pattern of heat shock loci 93D of Drosophila melanogaster and 48B of Drosophila hydei has been performed. Both heat shock loci consist of an unique region that is flanked by an internally repetitive element. Different members of these elements are highly cons...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/15.8.3317
更新日期：1987-04-24 00:00:00
abstract：:We have partially purified replicating simian virus 40 (SV40) chromosomes in a form which allows continued DNA synthesis in vitro. We first prepare a soluble DNA-synthesizing system from SV40-infected monkey cells and then sediment the components through a neutral sucrose gradient of extremely low ionic strength. Repl...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/4.9.3083
更新日期：1977-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Mediator complex transmits activation signals from DNA bound transcription factors to the core transcription machinery. Genome wide localization studies have demonstrated that Mediator occupancy not only correlates with high levels of transcription, but that the complex also is present at transcriptionally silence...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkr551
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The centromere is a highly specialized chromosomal element that is essential for chromosome segregation during mitosis. Centromere integrity must therefore be properly preserved and is strictly dependent upon the establishment and maintenance of surrounding chromatin structure. Here we identify WDHD1, a WD40-domain an...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkq1338
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The locus control region is required for high-level, position-independent expression of mammalian beta-globin genes. It is marked by five major DNase hypersensitive sites (HSs) in a 16 kb region of chromatin, and the protein-DNA complexes that form these HSs may interact in a holocomplex that carries out the full func...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/24.21.4327
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The σ subunit of bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) has been implicated in all steps of transcription initiation, including promoter recognition and opening, priming of RNA synthesis, abortive initiation and promoter escape. The post-promoter-recognition σ functions were proposed to depend on its conserved region σ3.2 th...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkt1384
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Activating sequence factor 1 (ASF-1) is a nuclear DNA-binding activity that is found in monocots and dicots. It interacts with several TGACG-containing elements that have been characterized from viral and T-DNA genes, the prototypes of which are the as-1 element of the CaMV 35S promoter and the ocs element from the oc...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/23.18.3778
更新日期：1995-09-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Abasic substitutions in the non-template strand and promoter sequence changes were made to assess the roles of various promoter features in sigma70 holoenzyme interactions with fork junction probes. Removal of -10 element non-template single strand bases, leaving the phosphodiester backbone intact, did not interfere w...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkg400
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A theoretical approach for linkage mapping the genome of any higher eukaryote is described. It uses the polymerase chain reaction, oligonucleotides of random sequence and single haploid cells. Markers are defined and then the DNA of a single sperm is broken at random (eg by gamma-rays) and physically split into 3 aliq...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/17.17.6795
更新日期：1989-09-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Invertebrate RNA viruses are targets of the host RNA interference (RNAi) pathway, which limits virus infection by degrading viral RNA substrates. Several insect RNA viruses encode suppressor proteins to counteract this antiviral response. We recently demonstrated that the dsDNA virus Invertebrate iridescent virus 6 (I...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gku910
更新日期：2014-10-29 00:00:00
abstract：:The STE2 gene of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a component of the receptor for the oligopeptide pheromone alpha-factor. We have cloned and determined the nucleotide sequence of the STE2 gene. A sequence involved in the control of cell-type expression of the STE2 gene was found 5' of an open reading frame ...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/13.23.8463
更新日期：1985-12-09 00:00:00
abstract：:The CATH database of protein domain structures (http://www.biochem.ucl.ac.uk/bsm/cath_new) currently contains 34 287 domain structures classified into 1383 superfamilies and 3285 sequence families. Each structural family is expanded with domain sequence relatives recruited from GenBank using a variety of efficient seq...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkg062
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence of a homing endonuclease gene (HEG) within a microbial intron or intein empowers the entire element with the ability to invade genomic targets. The persistence of a homing endonuclease lineage depends in part on conservation of its DNA target site. One such rDNA sequence has been invaded both in archaea a...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkn846
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA synthesis is a fundamental requirement for cell proliferation and DNA repair, but no single method can identify the location, direction and speed of replication forks with high resolution. Mammalian cells have the ability to incorporate thymidine analogs along with the natural A, T, G and C bases during DNA synthe...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkaa517
更新日期：2020-09-04 00:00:00
abstract：:The 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetases form a well conserved family of interferon induced proteins, presumably present throughout the mammalian class. Using the Expressed Sequence Tag databases, we have identified a novel member of this family. This protein, which we named p59 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase-like protei...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/26.18.4121
更新日期：1998-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Nuclear DNA from liver cells of the kangaroo rat species Dipodomysordii was fractionated and characterized with the aid of buoyant density gradients in neutral and alkaline CsCl and in Ag(+)-Cs(2)SO(4). More than one-half of the DNA was present in three density satellites, a greater proportion than in any other specie...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/1.4.559
更新日期：1974-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alfalfa mosaic virus RNA 4, the subgenomic messenger for viral coat protein, was partially digested with RNase T1 or RNase A and the sequence of a number of fragments was deduced by in vitro labeling with polynucleotide kinase and application of RNA sequencing techniques. From overlapping fragments, the complete prima...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/8.10.2213
更新日期：1980-05-24 00:00:00
abstract：:We provide experimental evidence of a replication enhancer element (REE) within the capsid gene of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV, genus Flavivirus). Thermodynamic and phylogenetic analyses predicted that the REE folds as a long stable stem-loop (designated SL6), conserved among all tick-borne flaviviruses (TBFV)...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkr237
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have recently described three group I introns inserted into a single gene, orf142, of the staphylococcal bacteriophage Twort and suggested the presence of at least two additional self-splicing introns in this phage genome. Here we report that two previously uncharacterized introns, 429 and 1087 nt in length, interr...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/30.9.1935
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gramene (http://www.gramene.org) is a knowledgebase for comparative functional analysis in major crops and model plant species. The current release, #54, includes over 1.7 million genes from 44 reference genomes, most of which were organized into 62,367 gene families through orthologous and paralogous gene classificat...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkx1111
更新日期：2018-01-04 00:00:00
abstract：:T1DBase (http://www.t1dbase.org) is web platform, which supports the type 1 diabetes (T1D) community. It integrates genetic, genomic and expression data relevant to T1D research across mouse, rat and human and presents this to the user as a set of web pages and tools. This update describes the incorporation of new dat...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkq912
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A promoter with the potential to adopt a 50 basepair (bp) cruciform spanning from -19 to -69 has been constructed in the plasmid pBR322 tetracycline resistance gene (tet) by forming an inverted repeat from '-35' sequences. Compared to a control promoter, the sequence of this cruciform promoter differs only by a 22 bp ...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/17.14.5537
更新日期：1989-07-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Linkage analysis is a successful procedure to associate diseases with specific genomic regions. These regions are often large, containing hundreds of genes, which make experimental methods employed to identify the disease gene arduous and expensive. We present two methods to prioritize candidates for further experimen...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkl707
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The yeast protein Rrf1p encoded by the FIL1 nuclear gene bears significant sequence similarity to Escherichia coli ribosome recycling factor (RRF). Here, we call FIL1 Ribosome Recycling Factor of yeast, RRF1. Its gene product, Rrf1p, was localized in mitochondria. Deletion of RRF1 leads to a respiratory incompetent ph...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkg449
更新日期：2003-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Meiotic cells possess surveillance mechanisms that monitor critical events such as recombination and chromosome synapsis. Meiotic defects resulting from the absence of the synaptonemal complex component Zip1 activate a meiosis-specific checkpoint network resulting in delayed or arrested meiotic progression. Pch2 is an...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkw506
更新日期：2016-09-19 00:00:00
abstract：:In addition to maintaining the GenBank(R) nucleic acid sequence database, the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) provides analysis and retrieval resources for the data in GenBank and other biological data available through NCBI's web site. NCBI resources include Entrez, the Entrez Programming Utiliti...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkm1000
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the filamentous cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120, the ferric uptake regulator FurA functions as a global transcriptional regulator. Despite several analyses have focused on elucidating the FurA-regulatory network, the number of target genes described for this essential transcription factor is limited to a handf...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gku123
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans contains a small family of vitellogenin genes which is expressed abundantly, but only in the intestine of the adult hermaphrodite worm. In order to identify possible regulatory elements, we have sequenced the DNA surrounding the 5' ends of five of the six genes. Contained within reg...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/13.14.5283
更新日期：1985-07-25 00:00:00
