Abstract：
:The molecular mechanisms by which extracellular guidance cues regulate axonal morphology are not fully understood. Recent findings suggest that increased activity of the protein kinase Akt promotes dendritic branching and elongation in hippocampal neurons. We tested whether expression of constitutively active Akt (CA-Akt) in primary sensory neurons would promote axonal branching and whether targeting CA-Akt to lipid rafts, common sites of Akt function, would differentially regulate axonal morphology. Biolistic transduction of sensory neurons induced a rapid expression of CA-Akt, resulting in increased axonal branching, cell hypertrophy, and growth cone expansion. Additionally, we found that targeting of CA-Akt to lipid rafts significantly potentiated growth cone expansion compared with expression of CA-Akt throughout the neuron. Because lipid rafts are concentrated within the growth cone, this finding suggests that signaling of expansion is likely regulated locally. We found that CA-Akt-mediated growth cone expansion, but not axonal branching, was attenuated by coexpression of dominant-negative Rac1. In contrast, blockade of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) prevented axonal branching and hypertrophy in response to CA-Akt, but not growth cone expansion. These data indicate that Akt activity can regulate growth cone expansion via localized Rac1 signaling and regulate axonal branching and soma size via activation of mTOR.
journal_name
J Neurosci Resjournal_title
Journal of neuroscience researchauthors
Grider MH,Park D,Spencer DM,Shine HDdoi
10.1002/jnr.22140subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-11-01 00:00:00pages
3033-42issue
14eissn
0360-4012issn
1097-4547journal_volume
87pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The tissue- and cell-specific expression of three neutral glycosphingolipids, gangliotetraosylceramide (GA1), gangliopentaosylceramide (GalNAc-GA1), and the novel 3-O-acetyl-sphingosine-series glycolipid (FMC-5), were examined with monospecific polyclonal antibodies. Immunohistochemical studies of rodent brain cross-s...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
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doi：10.1002/jnr.21419
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abstract：:The Shaw subfamily of potassium channel genes, including Kv3.1, are highly expressed within the auditory nuclei of the brainstem, where they have been implicated in the characteristic response properties of particular types of neurons. Potassium currents carried by Kv3.1 are voltage-dependent, have a high activation t...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
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doi：10.1002/(sici)1097-4547(19991215)58:6<791::aid-jnr
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abstract：:Primary brain tumors, particularly glioblastomas (GB), remain a challenge for oncology. An element of the malignant brain tumors' aggressive behavior is the fact that GB are among the most densely vascularized tumors. To determine some of the molecular regulations occuring at the brain tumor endothelium level during t...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.10865
更新日期：2004-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Among the ion channels and pumps activated by growth factor stimulation, K+ channels have been implicated in the growth and proliferation of several cancer cell lines. The role of these channels in central nervous system tumors, however, has not been described. This study used the malignant astrocytoma cell lines U87 ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
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doi：
更新日期：1997-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is the most frequent cause of death and disability in young adults and children in the developed world, occurring in over 1.7 million persons and resulting in 50,000 deaths in the United States alone. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimate that between 3.2 and 5.3 million ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
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journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
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doi：10.1002/jnr.22767
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journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490360511
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journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
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doi：10.1002/jnr.24281
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2017-01-02 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.20627
更新日期：2005-10-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490290415
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.10007
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490280317
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jnr.21823
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.20153
更新日期：2004-07-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490020514
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490180118
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jnr.24479
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490160123
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490310313
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19960301)43:5<554::AID-JNR
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) has been histochemically demonstrated in the CNS of various mammalian species. They have been related with some nerve functions as neurotransmitters storage and synaptic transmission. In the present paper, the histochemical properties of nerve cell cytoplasmic GAG were studied ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490110103
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The changes in ganglioside composition and metabolism of deafferentiated rat hippocampus were estimated after septal lesion. A significant decrease in total ganglioside concentration was found 7 days after the lesion. The reduced level of total gangliosides persisted at 17 and 25 days. Relative increase in the proport...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490210107
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490060507
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2005-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In previous studies, we have shown that a traumatic lesion to the hippocampus of adult mice induces the transitory expression of TNF alpha and IL-1 alpha by neurons of different brain areas and also by glial cells at the site of injury. The aim of the present study was to establish whether the expression of TNF alpha ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490430113
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) regulates the proliferation and migration of olfactory bulb (OB) interneuron progenitors derived from the subventricular zone (SVZ), but the role of GABA in the differentiation of these progenitors has been largely unexplored. This study examines the role of GABA in the differentiation o...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.22055
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Axonal injury is often characterized by axonal transport defects and abnormal accumulation of intra-axonal components. Nitric oxide (NO) has a key role in mediating inflammatory axonopathy in many neurodegenerative diseases, but little is known about how nitrosative/oxidative stress affects axonal transport or whether...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Laminin mediates neural adhesion and process formation. A possible signal transduction pathway for laminin was investigated in both NG108-15 and PC12 neuronal cells using radiolabeling studies as well as various stimulators and inhibitors of phosphatases and kinases. Using [32P]-ortho-phosphate, laminin caused a decre...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490270321
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
