Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The intricate balance between positive and negative signals delivered by accessory molecules is crucial to generate efficient immune responses while maintaining tolerance and preventing autoimmunity. Of these molecules, programmed death 1 has been described as a negative regulator of T-cell activation. This review will focus on current knowledge about PD-1 regulation in different diseases and discuss its potential benefits for the development of novel immune therapies. RECENT FINDINGS:PD-1 has recently been shown to be upregulated on HIV-specific CD8 T cells, whereas the PD-1 expression level was significantly correlated with viral load. Blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction enhanced the capacity of HIV-specific CD8 and CD4 T cells to proliferate or secrete cytokines and cytotoxic molecules. Future manipulations of this pathway could rescue the function of exhausted CD8 and CD4 T cells. SUMMARY:The engagement of PD-1 with its ligands induces inhibitory signals as it blocks T-cell receptor-induced T-cell proliferation and cytokine production. The PD-1 pathway plays a crucial role in the maintenance of peripheral tolerance and the pathogenesis of cancer and chronic viral infections. Understanding the mechanisms by which PD-1 interferes with T-cell functions will pave the way for novel therapeutic immune interventions to treat these diseases.
journal_name
Curr Opin HIV AIDSjournal_title
Current opinion in HIV and AIDSauthors
Trautmann L,Said EA,Halwani R,Janbazian L,Chomont N,El-Far M,Breton G,Haddad EK,Sekaly RPdoi
10.1097/COH.0b013e3280ebb5c9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-05-01 00:00:00pages
219-27issue
3eissn
1746-630Xissn
1746-6318pii
01222929-200705000-00009journal_volume
2pub_type
杂志文章abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The available vaccine and therapies against hepatitis B virus (HBV) rarely eliminate chronic infection with the virus. High mortality resulting from complicating cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma makes improving anti-HBV therapy an important priority. Recent advances with using gene therapy to co...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In this review, we describe the challenges faced by using clinical cohorts to perform Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) and the possible solutions for increasing and strengthening health systems in low-income and middle-income countries. RECENT FINDINGS:HIV scale-up has facilitated the transition from ...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
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journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
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journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
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更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
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journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
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abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The detrimental synergy of colliding HIV and tuberculosis (TB) epidemics is most devastating among children and adolescents living with HIV (CALWH) who shoulder a disproportionate burden of all child TB mortality. RECENT FINDINGS:CALWH benefit less from Bacille-Calmette Guerin vaccination than HIV-un...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32834ddcd9
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The interaction between fall and fracture risk factors is an area of increasing clinical relevance, but little information is known about the age-specific issues in bone health unique to HIV-infected adults. The present review will focus on what is known about falls and fall risk factors among HIV-inf...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To summarize recent trends in knowledge of HIV status, care and viral suppression, and the status of implementation of relevant contextual requirements for the United States to achieve the 90-90-90 goals. Recently, the US government announced a plan to decrease HIV incidence by over 90% by 2030. Reach...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.COH.0000247389.08485.87
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:We reviewed the global state of harm reduction for people who use and/or inject drugs. KEY FINDINGS:Although harm reduction is now the key response to HIV among people who use drugs globally, intervention coverage remains suboptimal, exacerbated by chronic under-funding, declining donor support and l...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Natural killer (NK) cells promote antiviral immunity by producing proinflammatory cytokines and by lysing infected cells. In addition, NK cells can modulate dendritic cell functions. NK-dendritic cell crosstalk results in activation of both cell types, with dendritic cells promoting NK-cell activity a...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e328349b089
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e328329fc8d
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
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更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
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更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:It has been demonstrated that extensive virus diversification and antibody coevolution are necessary to give rise to broadly neutralizing antibodies targeting the envelope protein of HIV-1. Here, we discuss recent progress of vaccine design approaches aiming on strategies to initiate and guide B-cell ...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
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更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32833ed742
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:HIV-1 mucosal transmission plays a critical role in HIV-1 infection and AIDS pathogenesis. This review summarizes the latest advances in biological studies of HIV-1 mucosal transmission, highlighting the implications of these studies in the development of microbicides to prevent HIV-1 transmission. R...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32830634c6
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:HIV infection is an established risk factor for osteoporosis and bone fracture. Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) increases bone resorption leading to an additional 2-6% bone mineral density (BMD) loss within the first 1-2 years of therapy. Although tenofovir disoproxil fumarate is often blame...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Long-acting injectable antiretroviral (ARV) formulations are being developed for the treatment and prevention of HIV infection. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent preclinical and clinical data on TMC278 (rilpivirine), a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), that is bein...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000160
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In the next 5-10 years, neither antiviral drug treatment nor a preventive vaccine is expected to provide a solution to the HIV epidemic. To achieve a relevant public health benefit, it is time to change focus and develop immune therapies to achieve a beneficial viral load reduction in the absence of d...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e3282f50c21
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Dendritic cells and their subsets are among the very first immune cells to tackle incoming pathogens and initiate innate and adaptive immune responses. During the past year, some studies investigating the early events occurring at mucosal sites, upon HIV infection, reinforced our view that the virus h...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e328349b0a0
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Interest has re-emerged in approaches to eradicate HIV infection. A series of modifications of nucleosomal histones within chromatin are a key mechanism of HIV gene regulation that alters the recruitment of transcription factors to viral DNA. The balance of these histone modifications in the vicinity ...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e328341242d
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00