Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Life history theory and resource dilution models of the family suggest that siblings may present a threat to healthy development because they compete for resources that parents have available to invest in individual offspring. Using data from a large cohort study of contemporary British families (ALSPAC), we test this hypothesis using childhood growth trajectories as a biomarker for health status. METHODS:Incorporating time-varying measures of changing family structure and socio-economic environment, this study represents the first true longitudinal analysis of family configuration effects on human growth. Using separate multi-variate multi-level models we estimate the effect of sibling number and sibling age and sex on height from birth to 10 years. RESULTS:Adjusting for family level socio-economic factors, the presence of siblings is associated with deficits in height across the study period. At the largest comparison, we estimate that compared with only children, children with four siblings have a reduced birth length by -8.7 mm (95% confidence interval (CI): -14.8 to -2.6) and a reduced rate of growth by -2.3 mm per year (95% CI: -3.8 to -0.8), leading to a deficit of 31.5 mm by age 10. Older siblings are associated with larger lasting negative consequences on height than younger siblings. We find no difference in the height of children in relation to the sex of siblings. CONCLUSIONS:Even in the relatively wealthy, well-nourished conditions of modern Western society, children are not buffered from the health costs of reduced parental investment. Later-born children appear worst affected by within family resource division.
journal_name
Int J Epidemioljournal_title
International journal of epidemiologyauthors
Lawson DW,Mace Rdoi
10.1093/ije/dyn116subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-12-01 00:00:00pages
1408-21issue
6eissn
0300-5771issn
1464-3685pii
dyn116journal_volume
37pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:The tuberculin skin test (TST) is the most commonly used tool to detect infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We sought to determine whether tuberculin skin testing is useful to detect latent infection by M. tuberculosis in a population that was vaccinated with the Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) vaccine....
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyl213
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Samples of East African tribesmen from two separate locations were compared with respect to a number of anthropometric, cardiovascular and biochemical variables. The major finding was a large, significant difference in mean triglyceride levels between the groups (0.97 vs. 0.67 mmol/l; p less than 0.001), the mean plas...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/15.2.183
更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The association between respiratory infection and risk of heart attacks and strokes is well established. However, less evidence exists for an association between respiratory infection and venous thromboembolism (VTE). In this article, we describe the associations between respiratory infection and VTE. METHO...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyr012
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A matched case-control study among cervical cancer patients in Denmark was conducted to evaluate the possible influence of radiation therapy on leukaemia risk. Among 25718 women treated between 1943-1977, 27 cases of leukaemia occurred one or more years after diagnosis. Four controls were matched to each case on age, ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/14.3.363
更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Non-medical factors may be important determinants for granting disability pension (DP) even though disability is medically defined, as in Norway. The aim of this analysis was to identify determinants of DP in a total county population in a 10-year follow-up study. METHODS:Participants were people without DP...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/31.6.1183
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Educational attainment is associated with many life outcomes, including income, occupation and many health and lifestyle variables. Many researchers use it as a control variable in epidemiological and other social scientific studies, often without specifying exactly what environmental effects or set of perso...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyq072
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:While prior studies of thyroid cancer incidence within Belarus have increased since the 1986 Chernobyl reactor accident, the magnitude of increase is not well quantified. METHODS:Using Belarussian national cancer registry data, trends in average annual age-adjusted thyroid cancer incidence rates were examin...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyh201
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several conditions, whose timely and appropriate therapy should decrease case fatality, have been proposed as indicators of medical care quality for the National Health Service. Mortality rates for these diseases vary widely within the UK. To evaluate the contribution of varying incidence rates to these mortality diff...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/15.3.408
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiovascular disease risk factor and mortality data collected since the 1978 Conference on the Decline in Coronary Heart Disease Mortality were reviewed. Risk factor and disease trends were generally parallel and compatible with current hypotheses of cause and prevention. A few discrepancies between risk factors and...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent studies indicate that cancers of the salivary gland are increasing, and the factors responsible for the increase are unknown. Artefactual changes, such as shift in classifying cancers of the floor of the mouth to cancers of the salivary gland, could affect the time trend for salivary gland cancer. ME...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/26.2.264
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Geoffrey Rose's 1985 paper, Sick individuals and sick populations, continues to spark debate and discussion. Since this original publication, there have been two notable challenges to Rose's population strategy of prevention. First, identification of high-risk individuals has improved considerably in accuracy, which s...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyp315
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Themba Lethu Clinical Cohort was established in 2004 to allow large patient-level analyses from a single HIV treatment site to evaluate National Treatment Guidelines, answer questions of national and international policy relevance and to combine an economic and epidemiologic focus on HIV research. The current obje...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dys029
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In this paper we investigated whether the capture-recapture method is useful for a cancer registry to monitor its completeness of case ascertainment on a routine basis. METHODS:The capture-recapture method was used to estimate the completeness of case ascertainment in three regional cancer registries in the...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/23.6.1111
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:To examine the association of a mismatch between educational qualifications and occupational attainment and subsequent declines in self-rated health (SRH) in a longitudinal nationally representative Canadian population sample. METHODS:This study used longitudinal data from 4045 healthy, working respondents ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyi047
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serum triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid autoantibodies (TAA) to either microsome or thyroglobulin were measured in 1251 samples from the general population, 546 males and 705 females, aged 40 or over in Hisayama, a Japanese rural town. TAA was positive in 7.7% of men ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/16.4.545
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Exercise can suppress androgen production and may thus decrease the risk of prostate cancer. However, findings from epidemiological studies assessing physical activity and risk of prostate cancer are inconsistent. METHODS:We prospectively examined the association between physical activity and prostate cance...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/29.1.29
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Syndromes for which no physical or pathological changes can be found tend to be researched and managed in isolation although hypotheses suggest that they may be one entity. The objectives of our study were to investigate the co-occurrence, in the general population, of syndromes that are frequently unexplain...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyi265
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:In 2003, New York City (NYC) implemented a series of coordinated policies designed to reduce non-communicable disease. Methods:We used coarsened exact matching (CEM) of individuals living inside and outside NYC between the years of 1992-2000 and 2002-10 to estimate difference-in-difference survival time mod...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyw290
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interest has recently emerged about the increasing trend of pancreatic cancer mortality in Taiwan, particularly in the elderly. The mortality data of pancreatic cancer over the period 1971-1986 for males and females aged 40-84 in Taiwan were analysed using a log-linear Poisson model to examine the effects of age, cale...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/19.4.839
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:On 4 October 1992 a plane crashed on the south-eastern (SE) borough of Amsterdam. This study examines the effects of this disaster on the reported annoyance caused by aircraft noise and on psychiatric disorders measured by the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), in an ongoing Health Interview Survey (HIS). ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/23.2.333
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Data from the Carolina Breast Cancer Study, a population-based, case-control study of breast cancer in African-American and white women residents of North Carolina, were evaluated to determine whether specific aspects of lactation are associated with a reduction in the risk of breast cancer. METHODS:Analyse...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/28.3.396
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In the mid 1980s European governments committed themselves to the WHO goal 'reduced inequality in health by year 2000' according to which inequality in health should be reduced by 25% by the year 2000. The study aim is to estimate the time trend in relative risk due to ischaemic heart disease (IHD) morbidity...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/28.4.640
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of gonorrhoea and chlamydial infections and to determine sexual and demographic correlates for these sexually transmitted diseases (STD) among visitors of an STD clinic. METHODS:In 1994, a cross-sectional study was carried out among 2984 consecutive ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/26.6.1373
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Hand dominance and spinal posture were studied for their prediction of the development of thoracic hyperkyphosis during the pubertal growth spurt. METHODS:The cohort consisted of all the fourth-grade school children of the Western School District of Helsinki, Finland, in the spring of 1986. They were examin...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/24.6.1178
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The relationships between cold temperatures and cardio-respiratory mortality in the elderly are well documented. We wished to determine whether similar relationships exist with consultations in the primary care setting and to assess the lag time at which the effects were observed. METHODS:Generalized additi...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/31.4.825
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The significance of persistent or recurrent respiratory infections in adult life for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is still to a large extent unknown. A few clinical and experimental animal studies suggest that peripheral airways diseases may be due to the cumulative effects...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/25.3.658
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The total duration of 'ovulatory activity' or 'ovulatory age' has been reported to be the strongest indicator of the risk of ovarian cancer. In the case-control study examined in this paper this variable was found to be a strong correlate of the risk of ovarian cancer. However, the finding that in older women the majo...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/12.2.161
更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Vital statistics underestimate the prevalence of perinatal and infant deaths. This is particularly significant when these parameters affect eligibility for international assistance for newly emerging nations. OBJECTIVE:To determine the level of registration of livebirths, stillbirths and infant deaths in Ja...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/25.4.807
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of behaviour on health is a major area of contemporary epidemiological enquiry. Most epidemiological studies of the effect of behaviour on health assume that the levels of the behaviour-related variables are determined by factors other than those under study. However, in many instances, obvious examples are...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/19.1.147
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cross-national comparisons of injury mortality can suggest possible causal explanations for injuries across different countries and cultures. This study identifies differences in injury mortality between Los Angeles (LA) County, California and Mexico City DF, Mexico. METHODS:Using LA County and Mexico City ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/29.4.715
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
