Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:The effects of handle friction and torque direction on muscle activity and torque are empirically investigated using cylindrical handles. BACKGROUND:A torque biomechanical model that considers contact force, friction, and torque direction was evaluated using different friction handles. METHODS:Twelve adults exerted hand torque in opposite directions about the long axis of a cylinder covered with aluminum or rubber while grip force, torque, and finger flexor electromyography (EMG) were recorded. In addition, participants performed grip exertions without torque, in which they matched the EMG level obtained during previous maximum torque exertions, to allow us to determine how grip force was affected by the absence of torque. RESULTS:(a) Maximum torque was 52% greater for the high-friction rubber handle than for the low-friction aluminum handle. (b) Total normal force increased 33% with inward torque (torque applied in the direction fingertips point) and decreased 14% with outward torque (torque in the direction the thumb points), compared with that with no torque. Consequently, maximum inward torque was 45% greater than maximum outward torque. (c) The effect of torque direction was greater for the high-friction rubber handle than for the low-friction aluminum handle. CONCLUSION:The results support the proposed model, which predicts a large effect of torque direction when high-friction handles are gripped. APPLICATION:Designing tasks with high friction and inward rotations can increase the torque capability of workers of a given strength, or reduce required muscle activities for given torque exertions, thus reducing the risk of fatigue and musculoskeletal disorders.
journal_name
Hum Factorsjournal_title
Human factorsauthors
Seo NJ,Armstrong TJ,Chaffin DB,Ashton-Miller JAdoi
10.1518/001872008X250610subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-02-01 00:00:00pages
37-48issue
1eissn
0018-7208issn
1547-8181journal_volume
50pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
HUMAN FACTORS文献大全abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to identify the cognitive components required for offshore drillers to develop and maintain situation awareness (SA) while controlling subsea hydrocarbon wells. BACKGROUND:SA issues are often identified as contributing factors to drilling incidents, most recently in the Deepwater Ho...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0018720814562643
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This article presents a systematic framework characterizing adaptive systems. BACKGROUND:Adaptive systems are those that can appropriately modify their behavior to fit the current context. This concept is appealing because it offers the possibility of creating computer assistants that behave like good human ...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0018720812443983
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study aimed at investigating the driver's takeover performance when switching from working on different non-driving related tasks (NDRTs) while driving with a conditionally automated driving function (SAE L3), which was simulated by a Wizard of Oz vehicle, to manual vehicle control under naturalistic dri...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0018720818824002
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-resolution visual displays have been designed for flight simulation so that observers may judge the aspect angle of aircraft at far distances. The present experiment compares two display devices as untrained observers judge the spatial orientation of two target aircraft: F-15 and F-16 jets. The display devices ar...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/0018720024497006
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The study was designed to show how driver attention to the road scene and engagement of a choice of secondary tasks are affected by the level of automation provided to assist or take over the basic task of vehicle control. It was also designed to investigate the difference between support in longitudinal cont...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0018720812460246
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Field studies were conducted in homes, offices, and public places with younger and older adults to determine how legibility performance (in a proofreading and phone book search) changes with age and luminance. Homes and public places generally exhibited much lower than recommended luminance values for reading. Older a...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1518/001872099779591204
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:An enhanced methodology to extract the required coefficient of friction (RCOF) value was used to investigate the effects of the transverse shear component of the ground reaction force (GRF) on the RCOF. BACKGROUND:The RCOF is an important indicator for slip incidents. However,the extraction of the RCOF from ...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/0018720811414885
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-four people learned three versions of a room-sized maze: a wire-frame desktop virtual environment (VE), a normal surface-rendered desktop VE, and a real-world maze. Differences among the mental representations formed from each environment were measured with pointing and distance estimation tasks in a real-world...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872001775992561
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The objective of the current study was to determine the effect of body mass index (BMI) on fatigability of three different muscle groups at four different work intensities. METHODS:Forty-nine normal-weight, 50 overweight, and 43 obese adults (32.1 ± 9.2 years; 50% males) performed fatiguing handgrip, shoulde...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0018720817695194
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We examined the impact of operational variables on diagnosis and decision-making processes, focusing on information search. BACKGROUND:Arguably, the "best" decision-making processes in high-technology cockpits would be those that are both correspondent (objectively accurate) and coherent (rationally sound). ...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872007X312513
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We investigated whether context or different speech rates could improve older adult performance on identification of synthetically generated words. BACKGROUND:Synthetic speech systems can potentially improve the daily functioning of older adults. However, research must determine whether older adults can eff...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872007779598055
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Strayer et al. in this volume show that increases in cognitive workload caused by drivers' involvement in distracting activities that allow them to keep their eyes on the road lead to decrements in indices of safe driving performance. Although there is agreement that in-vehicle tasks that require drivers to take their...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0018720815576435
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to quantify shoulder muscle fatigue during repetitive exertions similar to motions found in automobile assembly tasks. BACKGROUND:Shoulder musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a common and costly problem in automotive manufacturing. METHOD:Ten subjects participated in the stu...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0018720813482328
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We show that psychophysiologically driven real-time adaptive aiding significantly enhances performance in a complex aviation task. A further goal was to assess the importance of individual operator capabilities when providing adaptive aiding. BACKGROUND:Psychophysiological measures are useful for monitoring ...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872007X249875
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared 7 methods of measuring visual fatigue--accommodation power, visual acuity, pupil diameter, critical fusion frequency (CFF), eye movement velocity, subjective rating of visual fatigue, and task performance--for their sensitivity to visual load. In the experiment, 10 participants performed a monitoring task ...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872098779649247
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Without fixation stimuli--for instance, in darkness--accommodation and convergence of the eyes reach an intermediate state that is relatively stable within a subject but which ranges from about 30 cm to infinity across subjects. This study investigated whether these oculomotor positions in darkness are related to visu...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/001872089103300106
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the influence of backrest inclination and vergence demand on the posture and gaze angle that workers adopt to view visual targets placed in different vertical locations. In the study, 12 participants viewed a small video monitor placed in 7 locations around a 0.65-m radius arc (from 65 degrees below to 30 ...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872000779656598
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to compare the results of two different modes of using multiple groups (instead of one large group) to identify problems and develop solutions. BACKGROUND:Many of the complex problems facing organizations today require the use of very large groups or collaborations of groups from mu...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0018720809354748
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A central feature of the impairment in performance produced by inert gas narcosis, which poses a threat to divers breathing compressed air, is a slowing of reaction time (RT). To investigate the locus of this slowing, the effects of 35% nitrous oxide on Crossman's confusion function were determined using line-length a...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/001872088903100506
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study examined the concept of dynamic viewpoint tethering for enhancing performance in 3-D avatar control tasks. BACKGROUND:Dynamic viewpoint tethering refers to a viewpoint animation technique that couples a display viewpoint to a controlled avatar through a virtual tether. A dynamic tether, modeled as...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0018720809340031
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This paper aims to describe and test novel computational driver models, predicting drivers' brake reaction times (BRTs) to different levels of lead vehicle braking, during driving with cruise control (CC) and during silent failures of adaptive cruise control (ACC). BACKGROUND:Validated computational models p...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0018720819875347
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study is to investigate how anticipatory driving is influenced by distraction. BACKGROUND:The anticipation of future events in traffic can allow potential gains in recognition and response times. Anticipatory actions (i.e., control actions in preparation for potential traffic changes) have be...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0018720820938893
更新日期:2020-07-14 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This field study examined the effects of adaptive cruise control (ACC) on mind wandering prevalence. BACKGROUND:ACC relieves the driver of the need to regulate vehicle speed and following distance, which may result in safety benefits. However, if ACC reduces the amount of attentional resources drivers must d...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0018720820974856
更新日期:2020-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::Perceptual adaptation to underwater size, distance, and curvature distortion was measured for four different adaptation conditions. These conditions consisted of (a) playing Chinese checkers underwater, (b) swimming with eyes open underwater, (c) viewing a square underwater, and (d) an air control. Significant adaptat...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/001872088903100106
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study constructively extends Arthur et al. (2001) by assessing the convergence of self-report and archival motor vehicle crash involvement and moving violations data in a 2-year longitudinal follow-up. The relationships among these criteria, conscientiousness, and driving speed were also assessed using both predi...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/0018720054679416
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Office computer users frequently need to search long lists of options for a particular target. Highlighting a subset of the options can shorten the average display search time. The goal of the current research was to identify the subset of options to highlight that minimizes users' average search time for any given di...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/001872088903100206
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to investigate electrooculography (EOG) as a measurement of ocular vergence in both collimated and projected simulator environments. The task required participants to shift their gaze between a central fixation point and a target appearing at one of three eccentricities. EOG was effective...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872098779591359
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::With unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), 36 licensed pilots flew both single-UAV and dual-UAV simulated military missions. Pilots were required to navigate each UAV through a series of mission legs in one of the following three conditions: a baseline condition, an auditory autoalert condition, and an autopilot condition....
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872005774860005
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We aimed to develop and test a new dynamic measure of transient changes to the useful field of view (UFOV), utilizing a gaze-contingent paradigm for use in realistic simulated environments. BACKGROUND:The UFOV, the area from which an observer can extract visual information during a single fixation, has been ...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0018720816642092
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We observe the driving performance effects of gesture-based interaction (GBI) versus touch-based interaction (TBI) for in-vehicle information systems (IVISs). BACKGROUND:As a contributing factor to a number of traffic accidents, driver distraction is a significant problem for traffic safety. More specificall...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0018720820943284
更新日期:2020-08-14 00:00:00