Control task substitution in semiautomated driving: does it matter what aspects are automated?

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to assess performance and cognitive states during cognitive work in the presence of physical work and in natural settings. BACKGROUND:Authors of previous studies have examined the interaction between cognitive and physical work, finding performance decrements in working memory. Neur...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： McKendrick R,Mehta R,Ayaz H,Scheldrup M,Parasuraman R

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to investigate steering control in a low-cost driving simulator with and without a virtual vehicle cab. BACKGROUND:In low-cost simulators, the lack of a vehicle cab denies driver access to vehicle width, which could affect steering control, insofar as locomotor adjustments are known...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Mecheri S,Lobjois R

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Objective The aim of this study is to develop a reliable and valid Motorcycle Seating Comfort Questionnaire (MSCQ). Background Motorcycle seat development is an iterative process based on subjective evaluations; however, there are no established subjective tools for evaluation of seating comfort. Research also suggest...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Velagapudi SP,Ray GG

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Task analyses served as the basis for developing the Mixed Arithmetic-Perceptual (MA-P) model, which proposes (1) that people interacting with common graphs to answer common questions apply a set of component processes--searching for indicators, encoding the value of indicators, performing arithmetic operations on the...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Gillan DJ,Lewis R

更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:A dual-task study was performed to explore the performance effects for swimming, word recall, and the combination of the two tasks performed simultaneously. BACKGROUND:Dual-task interference studies have been performed for a variety of tasks; however, there has not been much dual-task interference research w...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Stets A,Smith SL,Helton WS

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The present study examined the effects of age (20s to 70s), gender (male and female), and hand (dominant and nondominant) on force control capabilities (FCCs) in four force control phases (initiation, development, maintenance, and termination). BACKGROUND:Normative data of FCCs by force control phase are nee...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Lee B,Lee M,Yoh MS,You H,Park H,Jung K,Lee BH,Na DL,Kim GH

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study investigated the effects of hospital bed features on the biomechanical stresses experienced by nurses when turning and laterally repositioning patients. Turn Assist, a common feature in ICU beds that helps to rotate patients, and side rail orientation were evaluated. BACKGROUND:Manual patient hand...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Wiggermann N

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using an eye-tracking methodology, we evaluated food nutrition labels' ability to support rapid and accurate visual search for nutrition information. Participants (5 practiced label readers and 5 nonreaders) viewed 180 trials of nutrition labels on a computer, finding answers to questions (e.g., serving size). Label m...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Goldberg JH,Probart CK,Zak RE

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose was to evaluate accessibility of typical radiology platforms by participants with mobility disabilities. BACKGROUND:These patients have difficulty using radiology equipment and have an increased risk of falling. METHODS:This field study evaluated three common types of radiology platforms - X ray...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Story MF,Luce AC,Leung A,Omiatek EM,Lemke MR,Rempel DM

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The objectives were to (a) implement theoretical perspectives regarding human-automation interaction (HAI) into model-based tools to assist designers in developing systems that support effective performance and (b) conduct validations to assess the ability of the models to predict operator performance. BACKG...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Sebok A,Wickens CD

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:We report an experiment in which we investigated differential transfer between unimanual (one-handed), bimanual (two-handed), and intermanual (different peoples' hands) coordination modes. BACKGROUND:People perform some manual tasks faster than others ("mode effects"). However, little is known about transfer...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Gorman JC,Crites MJ

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Two experiments were conducted to determine whether detection of the onset of a lead car's deceleration and judgments of its time to contact (TTC) were affected by the presence of vehicles in lanes adjacent to the lead car. BACKGROUND:In a previous study, TTC judgments of an approaching object by a stationar...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Levulis SJ,DeLucia PR,Oberfeld D

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The objective of this prospective study is to investigate the exposure-response relationships between various workplace physical exposures of force, repetition, and their combination assessed at an individual level with lateral epicondylitis (LE). BACKGROUND:Workplace upper extremity musculoskeletal disorder...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Fan ZJ,Silverstein BA,Bao S,Bonauto DK,Howard NL,Smith CK

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to clarify how knowledge elaborated by specific experience may lead to erroneous expectations during interactions between drivers and riders. BACKGROUND:Situation awareness is partly determined by prior knowledge. Unshared knowledge may cause difficulties in managing driving interact...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Mundutéguy C,Ragot-Court I

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this article is to explore the detailed characteristics of steering behavior in curve driving at different alcohol dosages. BACKGROUND:Improper operation of the steering wheel is a contributing factor to increased crash risks on curves. METHOD:The experiments were conducted using a driving simula...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Li Z,Li X,Zhao X,Zhang Q

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to determine how hand space for manual insertion of flexible hoses is affected by insertion method and force. BACKGROUND:Adequate space is needed during assembly tasks in which workers join parts together with their hands. Hose installations are an example of such a task. Hand clear...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Grieshaber DC,Armstrong TJ,Chaffin DB,Keyserling WM,Ashton-Miller J

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to design and test alternative computer mouse designs that attempted to reduce extensor muscle loading of the index and middle fingers by altering the orientation of the button switch direction and the force of the switch. BACKGROUND:Computer users of two-button mouse designs ex...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Lee DL,Fleisher J,McLoone HE,Kotani K,Dennerlein JT

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:In this study, the impact of including a bone conduction transducer in a three-channel spatialized communication system was investigated. BACKGROUND:Several military and security forces situations require concurrent listening to three or more radio channels. In such radio systems, spatial separation between ...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Blue M,McBride M,Weatherless R,Letowski T

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:We investigated how automation-induced human performance consequences depended on the degree of automation (DOA). BACKGROUND:Function allocation between human and automation can be represented in terms of the stages and levels taxonomy proposed by Parasuraman, Sheridan, and Wickens. Higher DOAs are achieved ...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Onnasch L,Wickens CD,Li H,Manzey D

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study investigated the effects of drivers' age and low light on speed, lane keeping, and visual recognition of typical roadway stimuli. BACKGROUND:Poor visibility, which is exacerbated by age-related changes in vision, is a leading contributor to fatal nighttime crashes. There is little evidence, howeve...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Owens DA,Wood JM,Owens JM

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigated several factors that affect depth perception in stereoscopic displays: half-image separation magnitude, separation direction (crossed vs. uncrossed), viewing distance, stimulus size, and exposure duration. The depth perceived under various combinations of levels of these factors was compared wi...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Patterson R,Moe L,Hewitt T

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Without fixation stimuli--for instance, in darkness--accommodation and convergence of the eyes reach an intermediate state that is relatively stable within a subject but which ranges from about 30 cm to infinity across subjects. This study investigated whether these oculomotor positions in darkness are related to visu...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Jaschinski-Kruza W

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The objective of the current study was to determine the effect of body mass index (BMI) on fatigability of three different muscle groups at four different work intensities. METHODS:Forty-nine normal-weight, 50 overweight, and 43 obese adults (32.1 ± 9.2 years; 50% males) performed fatiguing handgrip, shoulde...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Mehta RK,Cavuoto LA

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study investigated how children and young adults regulate their velocity when crossing roads under varying traffic conditions. BACKGROUND:To cross roads safely, pedestrians must adapt their movements to the moving vehicles around them while tightly coupling their movement to visual information. METHOD:...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Chung HC,Choi G,Azam M

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of movement activities and alternative fitting procedures on protection levels afforded by four hearing protection devices (HPDs). Psychophysical attenuation measurements at nine one-third-octave bands from 125 to 8000 Hz were obtained prior to, during, and followin...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Casali JG,Park MY

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:We examined whether a gene known to influence dopamine availability in the prefrontal cortex is associated with individual differences in learning a supervisory control task. BACKGROUND:Methods are needed for selection and training of human operators who can effectively supervise multiple unmanned vehicles (...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Parasuraman R,Kidwell B,Olmstead R,Lin MK,Jankord R,Greenwood P

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The study explored how subjects from childhood (8-14 years old) to elderly adulthood could identify the odors of 17 everyday products. Performance at naming followed an inverted U-shaped course over age, best in young adults and poorest in children and elderly. A discrimination task given to the adults revealed parall...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： De Wijk RA,Cain WS

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the differences between walking on an advanced robotic locomotion interface called the Treadport and walking overground with healthy subjects. BACKGROUND:Previous studies have compared treadmill-based and overground walking in terms of gait parameters. The Treadport's unique features including se...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Chesebrough S,Hejrati B,Hollerbach J

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The objective is to validate a computational model of visual attention against empirical data--derived from a meta-analysis--of pilots' failure to notice safety-critical unexpected events. BACKGROUND:Many aircraft accidents have resulted, in part, because of failure to notice nonsalient unexpected events out...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Wickens CD,Hooey BL,Gore BF,Sebok A,Koenicke CS

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty-four people learned three versions of a room-sized maze: a wire-frame desktop virtual environment (VE), a normal surface-rendered desktop VE, and a real-world maze. Differences among the mental representations formed from each environment were measured with pointing and distance estimation tasks in a real-world...

journal_title：Human factors

authors： Waller D,Knapp D,Hunt E

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00