Abstract:
:Cognitive deficits are a central feature of schizophrenia and occur in first-degree relatives of schizophrenic probands, even in the absence of psychotic symptoms. A number of cognitive domains have been implicated including measures of response inhibition and working memory. While the stability of cognitive deficits has been demonstrated in individuals with schizophrenia, stability of deficits has not been explored in first-degree relatives. This report focuses on 25 children (ages 6-15 years), all with at least one schizophrenic parent. The children were assessed twice, utilizing inhibitory and working memory tasks, with a mean 2.6 years between visits. Stop reaction time (a measure of motor inhibition) and performance on a counting span task (a measure of verbal working memory) were borderline to mildly impaired (compared with a typically developing comparison group) at both visits with similar effect sizes (stopping task time 1, effect size = 0.46, time 2 effect size = 0.50; counting span time 1 effect size = 0.53, time 2 effect size = 0.42). For these 2 tasks, individual age-adjusted scores also correlated across both time points (r = 0.41-0.76) suggesting that individual children maintained deficits across time. As etiologically driven strategies are developed for the cognitive deficits of schizophrenia, expansion of these treatments to relatives who share the cognitive but not the psychotic symptoms may be worth exploring.
journal_name
Schizophr Bulljournal_title
Schizophrenia bulletinauthors
Ross RG,Wagner B,Heinlein S,Zerbe GOdoi
10.1093/schbul/sbm104subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-01-01 00:00:00pages
47-51issue
1eissn
0586-7614issn
1745-1701pii
sbm104journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The clinical importance of subtypes based on enduring deficit or negative symptoms was examined in a group of schizophrenic patients who were assessed twice over a 1-year period. Subgroups of patients with high levels of enduring negative or deficit symptoms, based on the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/17.4.565
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We found diurnal weight gain to be abnormal among 93 chronically psychotic patients, most of whom had schizophrenia. They were weighed at 7 a.m. and 4 p.m. weekly for 3 weeks. We normalized the diurnal weight gain (NDWG) as a percentage by subtracting the 7 a.m. weight from the 4 p.m. weight, multiplying the differenc...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/15.3.501
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Working memory (WM) deficit is a key feature of schizophrenia that relates to a generalized neural inefficiency of extensive brain areas. To date, it remains unknown how these distributed regions are systemically organized at the connectome level and how the disruption of such organization brings about the W...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbz137
更新日期:2020-07-08 00:00:00
abstract::A frontostriatal hypothesis of schizophrenia is advanced which takes into account evidence from studies of neurochemical pathology, functional imaging, cognitive neuropsychology, and experimental and clinical psychopharmacology, in addition to factor analyses of the symptomatic heterogeneity of this disorder. This evi...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/16.3.391
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::When fixed doses of haloperidol or perphenazine were used in two separate studies, we found that psychotic males with a prior history of psychotogenic drug use had a poorer early neuroleptic response even in the early stages of their psychotic disorder than psychotic males who had not previously used significant amoun...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/16.1.81
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The article that begins below is the fifth in a series of personal accounts to be published in the Schizophrenia Bulletin. In describing his account, the author commented: "The viewpoint is solely my consciousness. The substance of every statement and the specific words in many statements actually occurred to me. Thir...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/7.3.527
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a sample of 75 women recruited from the community, we measured trauma/maltreatment history and symptoms of schizotypal personality disorder, using both questionnaire and interview measures. As hypothesized, individuals with histories of trauma/maltreatment had elevated levels of schizotypal symptoms. Among types of...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006985
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Social cognitive deficits are associated with psychotic symptoms, but the nature of this association remains unknown. This study uses a genetically sensitive cross-trait cross-sibling design to investigate the nature of the overlap between both phenotypes. A sample of 1032 patients, 1017 of their healthy siblings, and...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbr058
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This commentary on the updated Patient Outcomes Research Team recommendation from a policy perspective notes that the quality of research recommendations is improved but that there has been only limited impact and utility for providers. ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbp127
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Standardized recovery criteria go beyond symptom remission and put special emphasis on personal and social functioning in residence, work, and leisure. Against this background, evidence-based integrated approaches combining cognitive remediation with social skills therapy show promise for improving functional recovery...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbr072
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous studies of nonclinical samples exhibiting schizotypal traits have provided support for the existence of a continuous distribution of psychotic symptoms in the general population. Few studies, however, have examined the neural correlates of psychometric schizotypy using structural and diffusion tenso...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbu150
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hallucinations in children and adolescents are now known to occur on a continuum from healthy to psychopathology-related phenomena. Although hallucinations in young populations are mostly transient, they can cause substantial distress. Despite hallucinations being widely investigated, research so far has had limited i...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sby119
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the leading theories of the neuropathology of schizophrenia is that it is a developmental disorder of "neural connectivity." To assess this theory, it is first necessary to understand how precise neural connections normally are established. Sensory-driven neural activity has been widely recognized as crucial fo...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006880
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the role of reasoning biases in delusion formation and maintenance. Reasoning judgments have been shown to be influenced by prior knowledge, beliefs, and experience--that is, information stored in semantic memory. It was hypothesized that high schizotypes would exhibit a "jump to conclusions" s...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbi012
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Migration is a major risk factor for schizophrenia but the neurochemical processes involved are unknown. One candidate mechanism is through elevations in striatal dopamine synthesis and release. The objective of this research was to determine whether striatal dopamine function is elevated in immigrants compared to non...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw181
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schizophrenia is a chronic brain disorder that affects about 1.1% of the adult US population annually. Hallucinations, delusions, and impaired reality testing are prominent symptoms of the disorder. Modeling these symptoms is difficult because it is unclear how to assess impaired reality testing in animals. Animals ca...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbp050
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is an increasing emphasis on identifying individuals with schizophrenia earlier and earlier in their disease process, with the assumption that earlier identification translates into earlier treatment, which translates into improved outcome. Unfortunately, one age cohort, children under 13 years of age, have been...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007042
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a previous article in the Schizophrenia Bulletin (Vol. 22, No. 1, 1996), we presented findings of a study on the clinical and rehabilitative effects of work activity on 150 subjects diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Subjects were randomly assigned to either a Pay ($3.40/hr) or No-Pay group a...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/schbul/23.2.317
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Family interventions for first-episode psychosis (FEP) are an integral component of treatment, with positive effects mainly on patients' mental state and relapse rate. However, comparatively little attention has been paid to the effects of family interventions on caregivers' stress coping and well-being, especially in...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw054
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Motor abnormalities (MAs) of severe mental disorders have been traditionally neglected both in clinical practice and research, although they are an increasing focus of attention because of their clinical and neurobiological relevance. For historical reasons, most of the literature on MAs has been focused to ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbx089
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychophysiological anomalies in symptomatic schizophrenic patients, remitted schizophrenic patients, and individuals at heightened risk for a schizophrenic disorder are reviewed with an emphasis on electrodermal anomalies. Two electrodermal anomalies are identified in different subgroups of symptomatic patients: (1) ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/10.2.204
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nature and definition of schizotypy, as the latent liability for schizophrenia capable of generating various phenotypic and endophenotypic outcomes, is reviewed. The proceedings of the 2017 meeting of the International Consortium on Schizotypy Research are included in this Special Section and they are presented as...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type:
doi:10.1093/schbul/sby083
更新日期:2018-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to assess how neurocognition and social cognition were associated with initial functional level and with rates of functional change in intensive community-based psychosocial rehabilitation interventions that have been shown to yield significant functional change for individuals diagnosed ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbl072
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The at-risk mental state for psychosis (ARMS) and the first episode of psychosis have been associated with structural brain abnormalities that could aid in the individualized early recognition of psychosis. However, it is unknown whether the development of these brain alterations predates the clinical deteri...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbs095
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Family studies of schizophrenia frequently include relatives of schizophrenia probands with diagnoses falling within the schizophrenia spectrum. As part of an ongoing genetic linkage study of schizophrenia, the authors examined case material from 50 relatives (of schizophrenia probands) who received a DSM-III-R diagno...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/20.4.747
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The circadian rest-activity cycle of schizophrenia patients stabilized for more than a year on monotherapy with a "classical" neuroleptic (haloperidol, flupentixol) or with the atypical neuroleptic clozapine was documented by continuous activity monitoring for 3-7 weeks. In this pilot study, the three patients treated...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006890
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The literature on schizophrenia has reported a trend toward higher concordance rates for females in both monozygotic and dizygotic same-sexed twins. The validity of this finding is open to question. Rosenthal (1961 and 1962) pointed out that females are more likely than males to become inhabitants of chronic wards. Mo...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/4.1.14
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evaluations by families (of chronically mentally ill individuals) of mental health professionals and resources were solicited through a mail survey. The respondents, largely better educated, white, and female, indicated a generally high level of dissatisfaction. Emotional support, information, and aftercare resources ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/8.4.626
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schizophrenia is but one form of psychosis; therefore, it is important to control for the psychotic factor in studies of the schizophrenic syndrome. A survey was done of 478 articles in 15 major psychiatric and psychological journals to determine the frequency of controls for psychosis in schizophrenia research. The s...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/7.4.729
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The traditional view of life events is that the crucial factor is the number which occur within a defined time period. This was examined as part of a 2-year, prospective, longitudinal study of prospective, longitudinal study of 518 people, each of whom was interviewed every 6 months with Holmes and Rahe's Recent LIfe ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/7.1.34
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00