Abstract:
:In a previous article in the Schizophrenia Bulletin (Vol. 22, No. 1, 1996), we presented findings of a study on the clinical and rehabilitative effects of work activity on 150 subjects diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Subjects were randomly assigned to either a Pay ($3.40/hr) or No-Pay group and given 6-month work placements in a Department of Veterans Affairs medical center. At the 5-month followup, Pay subjects had worked more hours and earned more money (from any employment) than No-Pay subjects. Pay subjects also had significantly greater improvement in symptoms and lower rehospitalization rates. Clinical improvement was closely linked to amount of participation. We concluded that pay increased participation. The current study examined clinical and rehabilitative outcomes at 1-year followup, 6 months after the conclusion of the work program. Results indicated that the Pay subjects had a significant decrease in work activity once they had completed the work program. However, 75 percent of those who had fully participated in the program continued working during the subsequent 6 months, either as volunteers or for pay. Clinical outcomes for subjects in the Pay condition were attenuated at 1-year followup but still significantly better than for subjects in the No-Pay condition. More than 40 percent of participants continued to be "much improved" on total symptoms, and more than 50 percent were "much improved" on positive symptoms. Discussion focuses on the importance and limitations of work for pay as a clinical intervention and concludes that continuous work services are necessary and beneficial for many people with schizophrenia.
journal_name
Schizophr Bulljournal_title
Schizophrenia bulletinauthors
Bell MD,Lysaker PHdoi
10.1093/schbul/23.2.317subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-01-01 00:00:00pages
317-28issue
2eissn
0586-7614issn
1745-1701journal_volume
23pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract::Secondary prevention in schizophrenia is still not good enough, and the authors of the articles in this issue of Schizophrenia Bulletin present important new knowledge that may increase earlier detection and treatment. This final article discusses some of their main findings in relation to clinical consequences and ne...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/22.2.347
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Development of schizophrenia relates to both genetic and environmental factors. Functional deficits in many cognitive domains, including the ability to communicate in social interactions and impaired recognition of facial expressions, are common for patients with schizophrenia and might also be present in individuals ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sby139
更新日期:2019-06-18 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Abnormalities in the neurophysiological measures P300 amplitude and latency constitute endophenotypes for psychosis. Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia-1 (DISC1) has been proposed as a promising susceptibility gene for schizophrenia, and a previous study has suggested that it is associated with P300 deficits in sc...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbr101
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endophenotypes represent intermediate phenotypes on the putative causal pathway from the genotype to the phenotype. They offer a potentially valuable strategy to examine the molecular etiopathology of complex behavioral phenotypes such as schizophrenia. Neurocognitive and neurophysiological impairments that suggest fu...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbn017
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with schizophrenia display an impaired sense of temporal continuity, and we showed that they judge events as being simultaneous even in case of large onset asynchronies. We check here whether this means a fusion of events in time, or on the contrary, a segregation of events and a deficit in coding time-event ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbq107
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::One neuropathological feature of schizophrenia is a diminished number of dendritic spines in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. The neuregulin 1 (Nrg1) system is involved in the plasticity of dendritic spines, and chronic stress decreases dendritic spine densities in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Here, we...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sby029
更新日期:2019-03-07 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive models of interpersonal problem solving have been proposed for, but infrequently tested on, samples of schizophrenia subjects. This study undertook to examine the relationships between the receiving, processing, and sending skills that comprise one model of interpersonal problem solving with information proc...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/21.3.395
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Adolescence can be a challenging time, characterized by self-consciousness, heightened regard for peer acceptance, and fear of rejection. Interpersonal concerns are amplified by unpredictable social interactions, both online and offline. This developmental and social context is potentially conducive to the e...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sby180
更新日期:2019-09-11 00:00:00
abstract::This article focuses on the schizophrenic disorganization syndrome, which was initially described by Bleuler (who used the term "dissociation") as lying at the heart of schizophrenia. While adopting a neo-Bleulerian approach, we describe schizophrenic disorganization using a pathogenetic hypothesis and a three-part st...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007019
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Considerable research has documented the stigmatization of people with mental illnesses and its negative consequences. Recently it has been shown that stigma may also seriously affect families of psychiatric patients, but little empirical research has addressed this problem. We examine perceptions of and reactions to ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033304
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article focuses on the cross-modal reaction time paradigm, which has been used to study deviation patterns of shifting attention across stimulus modalities in schizophrenic patients. Cross-modal reaction time research involving pathological and nonpathological populations is reviewed. The influence of sex, stimul...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/6.4.654
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Child maltreatment is a widespread public health problem associated with a range of mental health disorders later in life. In order to effectively address these disorders, there is a need to understand more about the mental health consequences of different types of child maltreatment. This study examines the associati...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw175
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To better characterize hippocampal pathophysiology in schizophrenia, we conducted a longitudinal study evaluating hippocampal functional connectivity during resting state, using seeds prescribed in its anterior and posterior regions. We enrolled 34 unmedicated patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (S...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbv228
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since publication of the original Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team (PORT) treatment recommendations in 1998, considerable scientific advances have occurred in our knowledge about how to help persons with schizophrenia. Today an even stronger body of research supports the scientific basis of treatment. This...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 指南,杂志文章,实务指引
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007071
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article examines the factors that influence antipsychotic use among youth treated in public inpatient facilities. By combining data from 11 focus groups, a survey of 43 researchers and clinicians, and a chart review of 100 closed patient charts, we investigated the interplay between physicians' and staff members'...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006913
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study tested hypothesized relationships between neuropsychological and psychophysiological variables and concurrent levels of clinical and psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia. The sample consisted of 40 subjects diagnosed with a chronic schizophrenia spectrum disorder and living in community-based settings....
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/23.1.19
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The homicide of strangers by people with psychosis, referred to here as "stranger homicides," are rare and tragic events that generate adverse publicity for mental health services and have resulted in significant changes in mental health policy and law. AIM:To estimate the incidence of stranger homicides, u...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbp112
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::When fixed doses of haloperidol or perphenazine were used in two separate studies, we found that psychotic males with a prior history of psychotogenic drug use had a poorer early neuroleptic response even in the early stages of their psychotic disorder than psychotic males who had not previously used significant amoun...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/16.1.81
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Adult patients having schizophrenia (SZ) or bipolar disorder (BP) may have in common neurocognitive deficits. Former evidence suggests impairments in several neuropsychological functions in young offspring at genetic risk for SZ or BP. Moreover, a dose-response relation may exist between the degree of famili...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbn058
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The chronic methamphetamine (MAP) intoxication model of schizophrenia in animals is outlined. The idea originated from the clinical and neurochemical similarities between MAP psychosis and schizophrenia that were found during the decade immediately after World War II when MAP abuse occurred in epidemic proportions in ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/18.1.107
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a sample of 75 women recruited from the community, we measured trauma/maltreatment history and symptoms of schizotypal personality disorder, using both questionnaire and interview measures. As hypothesized, individuals with histories of trauma/maltreatment had elevated levels of schizotypal symptoms. Among types of...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006985
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a prospective study involving 161 patients discharged from inpatient psychiatric treatment, outcome data were obtained for 93 percent of the patients 1 year after clinic discharge. Sixty-seven percent of the patients were directly interviewed for the followup examination. Outcome data for symptomatology, relapses, ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/13.2.287
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Catatonia is a central aspect of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) and most likely associated with abnormalities in affective, motor, and sensorimotor brain regions. However, contributions of different cortical features to the pathophysiology of catatonia in SSD are poorly understood. Here, T1-weighted structural...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sby192
更新日期:2019-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::In addition to introducing the six articles joined by our thematic outlook, this article addresses the importance of subcortical structures as they may be related to information processing and the life experience of schizophrenic patients. This is a heuristic exercise aimed at bridging the conceptual gaps between clin...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/13.4.555
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Little is known about the neurobiological factors that determine functional outcome in people at high risk for psychosis. We use multimodal neuroimaging to investigate whether cortical responses during a cognitive task and thalamic glutamate levels were associated with subsequent functional outcome. Sixty subjects par...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbu115
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schizophrenia elevates the risk for aggressive behavior and violent crime, and different approaches have been used to manage this problem. The results of such treatments vary. One reason for this variation is that aggressive behavior in schizophrenia is heterogeneous in origin. This heterogeneity has usually not been ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbr041
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methodological issues involved in assessing the prevalence of substance abuse in schizophrenia are discussed, and previous research in this area is comprehensively reviewed. Many studies suffer from methodological shortcomings, including the lack of diagnostic rigor, adequate sample sizes, and simultaneous assessment ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/16.1.31
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Disruption of sleep/wake cycles is common in patients with schizophrenia and correlates with cognitive and affective abnormalities. Mice deficient in stable tubule only polypeptide (STOP) show cognitive, behavioral, and neurobiological deficits that resemble those seen in patients with schizophrenia, but little is kno...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw017
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The deficit syndrome is thought to characterize a pathophysiologically distinct subgroup of patients with schizophrenia. Supporting this notion, prior research examining the neuropsychological correlates of the deficit syndrome has suggested the presence of a differential impairment in frontal and parietal functions. ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbl066
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the role of reasoning biases in delusion formation and maintenance. Reasoning judgments have been shown to be influenced by prior knowledge, beliefs, and experience--that is, information stored in semantic memory. It was hypothesized that high schizotypes would exhibit a "jump to conclusions" s...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbi012
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00