Abstract:
:In addition to introducing the six articles joined by our thematic outlook, this article addresses the importance of subcortical structures as they may be related to information processing and the life experience of schizophrenic patients. This is a heuristic exercise aimed at bridging the conceptual gaps between clinical and research approaches to schizophrenia. A brief overview is then provided of current conceptualizations of a number of subcortical structures, each of which may play a part in the subcortical pathogenesis of schizophrenia in specific patients. The central concepts are failures in the "automaticity" with which prior experience may be recreated in parallel with current stimulus input in schizophrenia (with concomitant failures in future orientation or contextually generated expectancy), and the view of subcortical structures as constituting a "system" in which no single type of defect may be common to all schizophrenic patients.
journal_name
Schizophr Bulljournal_title
Schizophrenia bulletinauthors
Patterson Tdoi
10.1093/schbul/13.4.555subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-01-01 00:00:00pages
555-76issue
4eissn
0586-7614issn
1745-1701journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::While previous studies have found an increased incidence of schizophrenia in some immigrant groups, differences in age of onset in these groups has not been examined. The purpose of this study was to compare age of first hospitalization of (1) native-born people versus immigrants, (2) immigrants from different countri...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006956
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although glutamate was first hypothesized to be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia in the 1980s, it was the demonstration that N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, the dissociative anesthetics, could replicate the full range of psychotic, negative, cognitive, and physiologic features of schi...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbs076
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Separable, but positively correlated, factors emerge from analyses of cognitive test data in schizophrenia and control samples (eg, verbal memory and processing speed) and these factors guide data reduction. Additionally, data support a hierarchical model of cognitive performance, in which these correlatio...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbq018
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the relation between maternal prepregnant body mass index (BMI) and development of schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders in adult offspring from the Prenatal Determinants of Schizophrenia Study. The study drew on a previously studied cohort of births occurring between 1959 and 1967 to ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033452
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antipsychotics, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and omega-3-fatty acids have been found superior to control conditions as regards prevention of psychosis in people at-risk of first-episode psychosis. However, no large-scale trial evaluating the differential efficacy of CBT and antipsychotics has been performed yet...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbr083
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a sample of 75 women recruited from the community, we measured trauma/maltreatment history and symptoms of schizotypal personality disorder, using both questionnaire and interview measures. As hypothesized, individuals with histories of trauma/maltreatment had elevated levels of schizotypal symptoms. Among types of...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006985
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In light of the evidence for brain white matter (WM) abnormalities in schizophrenia, study of normal WM maturation in adolescence may provide critical insights relevant to the neurodevelopment of the disorder. Voxel-wise diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have consistently demonstrated increases in fract...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbs054
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::While the role of childhood adversity in increasing the risk of psychosis has been extensively investigated, it is not clear what the impact of early adverse experiences is on the outcomes of psychotic disorders. Therefore, we investigated associations between childhood adversity and 1-year outcomes in 285 first-prese...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbv131
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The psychometric high-risk strategy represents a useful methodologic adjunct to the traditional genetic high-risk research approach in the study of the etiology and development of schizophrenia. During the past 15 years, considerable research activity has focused on psychometrically identified individuals hypothesized...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/20.1.121
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The traditional view of life events is that the crucial factor is the number which occur within a defined time period. This was examined as part of a 2-year, prospective, longitudinal study of prospective, longitudinal study of 518 people, each of whom was interviewed every 6 months with Holmes and Rahe's Recent LIfe ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/7.1.34
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Secondary sources continue to cite a one-page preliminary note about the Michigan State Psychotherapy Project, ignoring fuller reports in print. Relevant experience and training are critical to quality control of psychotherapy in schizophrenia research. This investigation is unique in that "experienced" meant that the...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/4.4.480
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study compared smoking behavior and motivation to quit smoking, assessed with a "stages of change" questionnaire, in outpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and in a representative sample of the general population. We conducted a mail survey in a representative sample of the general population ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007092
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antipsychotic medications are viewed as cornerstones for both the short-term and long-term treatment of schizophrenia. However, evidence on long-term (10 or more years) efficacy of antipsychotics is mixed. Double-blind discontinuation studies indicate significantly more relapses in unmedicated schizophrenia patients i...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbt034
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neuropsychological deficits predate overt psychosis and overlap with the impairments in the established disease. However, to date, no single neurocognitive measure has shown sufficient power for a prognostic test. Thus, it remains to be determined whether multivariate neurocognitive pattern classification co...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbr037
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have reported associations between childhood adversities, eg, loss of a parent, being raised in institutional care, sexual and other kinds of abuse by adults and bullying by peers, and psychosis in adulthood. However, the mechanisms by which these adversities lead to psychotic experiences are poorly u...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbs049
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous studies have differentiated schizophrenic patients and normal controls in electroencephalography (EEG) spectral patterns recorded at rest. We replicated the resting EEG spectral differences between these groups and observed significant differences in periodic photic stimuli on the EEG spectra. Drug-free schiz...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/16.4.627
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Designs of clinical trials that will permit evaluation of independent, additive, and interactive effects of drugs and psychosocial treatments are described. The central feature of such designs is that they incorporate control conditions for both classes of treatment. Data from the articles in this issue are drawn upon...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/6.1.131
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Given the evidence that reasoning biases contribute to delusional persistence and change, several research groups have made systematic efforts to modify them. The current experiment tested the hypothesis that targeting reasoning biases would result in change in delusions. METHODS:One hundred and one partici...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbu103
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Self-experience anomalies are elementary features of schizophrenic pathology. Such deficits can have a profound impact on self-other relationship, but how they are related through aberrant brain function remains poorly understood. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we provide new evidence for ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbt153
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::An important development in cognitive remediation of schizophrenia is a focus on motivation. However, following a distinction between the concepts of intrinsic motivation (IM) and extrinsic motivation, discussions of IM-based methods have downplayed or misrepresented the role that extrinsic rewards can, and actually d...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbp160
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently published data from the Roscommon Family Study show that a parental diagnosis of schizotypal disorder (SPD) has a significant and specific impact on the risk for schizophrenia in siblings of index probands with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The distribution patterns of risks for schizophrenia and SPD in p...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/22.2.191
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Poor insight into illness is considered the primary cause of treatment noncompliance in schizophrenia. In this article, we critically discuss the predominant conceptual accounts of poor insight, which consider it as an ineffective self-reflection, caused either by psychological defenses or impaired metacognition. We a...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbt087
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phenotypic heterogeneity within patients and controls may explain why the genetic variants contributing to schizophrenia risk explain only a fraction of the heritability. The aim of this study is to investigate quantitative and qualitative differences in psychosis symptoms in a sample including psychosis patients, the...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbq103
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In follow-up from evidence obtained in linkage studies, systematic linkage disequilibrium mapping within chromosomal region 13q33 has led to the identification of a schizophrenia susceptibility locus which harbors the genes G72 and G30. These association findings have been replicated in several independent schizophren...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbl028
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the study was to examine (1) to which negative symptoms schizophrenia patients attribute distress and (2) whether clinical variables can predict the levels of reported distress. With the help of a research assistant, 86 hospitalized patients completed a self-rating scale for negative symptoms. The 21 it...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033490
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) is a catabolic enzyme involved in the degradation of a number of bioactive molecules; of principal interest to psychiatry, these include dopamine. The enzyme is encoded by the COMT gene. COMT is located (along with 47 other genes) in a fragment of chromosome 22q11 which when delete...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbm019
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since publication of the original Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team (PORT) treatment recommendations in 1998, considerable scientific advances have occurred in our knowledge about how to help persons with schizophrenia. Today an even stronger body of research supports the scientific basis of treatment. This...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 指南,杂志文章,实务指引
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007071
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Secondary prevention in schizophrenia is still not good enough, and the authors of the articles in this issue of Schizophrenia Bulletin present important new knowledge that may increase earlier detection and treatment. This final article discusses some of their main findings in relation to clinical consequences and ne...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/22.2.347
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is emerging evidence in schizophrenia of membrane abnormalities, primarily reductions in the essential omega-3 and omega-6 series of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Because previous studies have largely been in chronic patients, it is not known whether these membrane abnormalities also occur early in illness...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007140
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Social cognitive impairments and negative symptoms are core features of schizophrenia closely associated with impaired community functioning. However, little is known about whether these are independent dimensions of illness and if so, whether individuals with schizophrenia can be meaningfully classified based on thes...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbr125
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00