Abstract:
:One of the leading theories of the neuropathology of schizophrenia is that it is a developmental disorder of "neural connectivity." To assess this theory, it is first necessary to understand how precise neural connections normally are established. Sensory-driven neural activity has been widely recognized as crucial for this process. Recent studies have revealed a similar requirement for endogenous neural activity generated by the nervous system itself, long before there is any sensory input. These patterns of sensory-driven and endogenously generated neural activity sculpt the precise circuits that are crucial to the many complex functions of the adult brain. This article summarizes the principles of activity-dependent neural development as determined from basic neuroscience experiments, particularly those done using the mammalian visual system, to illustrate the role of patterned activity, neuronal competition, and critical periods in shaping neural circuitry. The potential molecular mechanisms involved in these features of activity-dependent neurodevelopment are discussed and possible links to the etiology of schizophrenia are briefly explored.
journal_name
Schizophr Bulljournal_title
Schizophrenia bulletinauthors
Penn AAdoi
10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006880keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-01-01 00:00:00pages
337-47issue
3eissn
0586-7614issn
1745-1701journal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Between 5% and 10% of people with psychosis will die by suicide, a rate which is 20-75 times higher than the general population. This risk is even greater in those not taking antipsychotic medication. We examined whether negative appraisals of psychotic experiences and negative metacognitive beliefs about losing menta...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/schbul/sby153
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report a 25-year followup of a group of 50 children at genetic risk for schizophrenia (by virtue of having a parent with the disorder) and 50 matched controls. The children who eventually developed schizophrenia spectrum disorders, including schizophrenia, were identifiable by cognitive-psychophysiological, neuroin...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/21.2.227
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is some evidence that schizotypal traits are related to a genetic or familial liability to develop schizophrenia. However, it is unclear whether the number of schizotypal traits is elevated in parents of schizophrenia patients compared with controls. This study used the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire to i...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007131
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive models of interpersonal problem solving have been proposed for, but infrequently tested on, samples of schizophrenia subjects. This study undertook to examine the relationships between the receiving, processing, and sending skills that comprise one model of interpersonal problem solving with information proc...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/21.3.395
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Objective:Evidence suggests that social skills training (SST) is an efficacious intervention for negative symptoms in psychosis, whereas evidence of efficacy in other psychosis symptom domains is limited. The current article reports a comprehensive meta-analytic review of the evidence for SST across relevant outcome me...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbx146
更新日期:2018-04-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Adult patients having schizophrenia (SZ) or bipolar disorder (BP) may have in common neurocognitive deficits. Former evidence suggests impairments in several neuropsychological functions in young offspring at genetic risk for SZ or BP. Moreover, a dose-response relation may exist between the degree of famili...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbn058
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aerobic exercise has been shown to improve symptoms in multiepisode schizophrenia, including cognitive impairments, but results are inconsistent. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of an enriched environment paradigm consisting of bicycle ergometer training and add-on computer-assisted cognitive remediation (CACR) tr...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbv020
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::While the role of childhood adversity in increasing the risk of psychosis has been extensively investigated, it is not clear what the impact of early adverse experiences is on the outcomes of psychotic disorders. Therefore, we investigated associations between childhood adversity and 1-year outcomes in 285 first-prese...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbv131
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The demand for information by relatives and the success of family intervention programs with an initial didactic component has resulted in a proliferation of educational interventions in schizophrenia. The present study assesses the impact of a single educational session on relatives of recent-onset schizophrenic pati...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/14.4.675
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) implicate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on chromosome 6p21.3-22.1, the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region, as common risk factors for schizophrenia (SZ). Other studies implicate viral and protozoan exposure. Our study tests chromosome 6p SNPs for effects on S...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbs087
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive deficits are a central and debilitating aspect of schizophrenia and other major mental illnesses. Although they are largely refractory to pharmacotherapy, multiple studies have now shown that large and lasting improvements in cognition can result from behavioral interventions. We will review our work over th...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbi038
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with schizophrenia display an impaired sense of temporal continuity, and we showed that they judge events as being simultaneous even in case of large onset asynchronies. We check here whether this means a fusion of events in time, or on the contrary, a segregation of events and a deficit in coding time-event ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbq107
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clozapine has been found to be superior to traditional neuroleptics in the treatment of refractory schizophrenia and is increasingly being used to treat schizophrenia, affective disorders, some neurological disorders, and aggression. For many patients, clozapine offers new hope for the successful pharmacological manag...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033333
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Negative symptoms of schizophrenia remain an area of substantial unmet clinical need. By convening a consensus conference in January 2005, the NIMH has taken a leading role in stimulating a resurgence of interest in methodological considerations related to development of new medications for treating negative symptoms....
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbj056
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schizophrenia patients have higher scores on neurological soft-signs (NSS) and show greater deficits on a variety of neuropsychological tests than normal control subjects and mixed groups of psychiatric patients. Among chronic schizophrenia patients it is unclear which of these types of deficits most strongly differen...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033421
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traditional psychiatric treatment approaches have not been very successful with the "revolving door patient." A variety of findings suggest that the social network, as opposed to the individual patient, may be a more viable locus for intervention. A conceptual review and analysis of the literature reveals two construc...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/12.2.262
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We conducted a survey of 151 outpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder in Geneva, Switzerland, in 2000, and a mail survey in a representative sample of the general population of Geneva in 1996 (n = 742), to compare alcohol consumption and alcoholism in these two samples. Fewer patients with schizophre...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007144
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The electroencephalogram (EEG) recorded from the human scalp is widely used to study cognitive and brain functions in schizophrenia. Current research efforts are primarily devoted to the assessment of event-related potentials (ERPs) and event-related oscillations (EROs), extracted from the ongoing EEG, in patients wit...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbm016
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The poverty and lack of social role in the lives of many people with schizophrenia seem similar to those of people in long-term unemployment, raising the possibility that there may be some commonalities in their time use and community functioning. To test this possibility, the social anxiety, time use, and activity pa...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/22.4.659
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In follow-up from evidence obtained in linkage studies, systematic linkage disequilibrium mapping within chromosomal region 13q33 has led to the identification of a schizophrenia susceptibility locus which harbors the genes G72 and G30. These association findings have been replicated in several independent schizophren...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbl028
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Given the variety of "organic" or "toxic" conditions that may produce, precipitate, or exacerbate psychotic disorders, it is important to attempt to clarify existing nosologies and to highlight the need for research strategies that may help to validate relevant distinctions. This review provides a brief discussion of ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/17.1.69
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously reported on typically paranoid schizophrenic patients who attempted to see the President or other prominent American political figures based on hallucinations or delusional beliefs. By obtaining arrest records on these White House Cases (WHCs), we were able to determine which individuals had murder ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/14.2.279
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schizophrenia (SZ) is a devastating mental disease caused by complex genetic and environmental factors. The pathological process and clinical manifestation of SZ are heterogeneous among patients, which hampers precise diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Since no objective marker for SZ has been established today, ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbx150
更新日期:2018-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified >100 susceptibility loci for schizophrenia (SCZ) and demonstrated that SCZ is a polygenic disorder determined by numerous genetic variants but with small effect size. We conducted a GWAS in the Japanese (JPN) population (a) to detect novel SCZ-susceptibility gene...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sby140
更新日期:2019-06-18 00:00:00
abstract::Schizophrenia affects people of all age groups. Treatment plans for older adults with schizophrenia must consider the effects of age on the course of the illness as well as on the response to antipsychotics and to psychosocial interventions. Positive symptoms of schizophrenia tend to become less severe, substance abus...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbt043
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness among sulpiride, risperidone, olanzapine, and haloperidol by evaluating the persistence of drug use. A retrospective cohort study was conducted by analyzing the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. Patients with schizophrenia aged 18-65 year...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbs002
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the relation between maternal prepregnant body mass index (BMI) and development of schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders in adult offspring from the Prenatal Determinants of Schizophrenia Study. The study drew on a previously studied cohort of births occurring between 1959 and 1967 to ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033452
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The "Praecox Feeling" (PF) is a classical concept referring to a characteristic feeling of bizarreness experienced by a psychiatrist while encountering a person with schizophrenia. Although the PF used to be considered a core symptom of the schizophrenia spectrum, it fell into disuse since the spread of operationalize...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sby172
更新日期:2019-09-11 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous studies have differentiated schizophrenic patients and normal controls in electroencephalography (EEG) spectral patterns recorded at rest. We replicated the resting EEG spectral differences between these groups and observed significant differences in periodic photic stimuli on the EEG spectra. Drug-free schiz...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/16.4.627
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antipsychotics, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and omega-3-fatty acids have been found superior to control conditions as regards prevention of psychosis in people at-risk of first-episode psychosis. However, no large-scale trial evaluating the differential efficacy of CBT and antipsychotics has been performed yet...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbr083
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00