Abstract:
:A frontostriatal hypothesis of schizophrenia is advanced which takes into account evidence from studies of neurochemical pathology, functional imaging, cognitive neuropsychology, and experimental and clinical psychopharmacology, in addition to factor analyses of the symptomatic heterogeneity of this disorder. This evidence is illuminated by the recent characterization of anatomically segregated, functionally distinct corticostriatal loops which provide possible substrates for understanding the significance of functional changes in striatal and cortical dopaminergic activity interacting with other forms of structural pathology in schizophrenia.
journal_name
Schizophr Bulljournal_title
Schizophrenia bulletinauthors
Robbins TWdoi
10.1093/schbul/16.3.391subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-01-01 00:00:00pages
391-402issue
3eissn
0586-7614issn
1745-1701journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Social cognitive deficits are associated with psychotic symptoms, but the nature of this association remains unknown. This study uses a genetically sensitive cross-trait cross-sibling design to investigate the nature of the overlap between both phenotypes. A sample of 1032 patients, 1017 of their healthy siblings, and...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbr058
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence from psychophysiological and behavioral investigations of lateralization in psychosis separates two clinical syndromes. A speculative model is offered in which the syndromes approximate the clinical features of paranoid compared with nonparanoid patients in investigations in which the groups have been disting...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/7.4.662
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The question of whether schizophrenia is associated with structural or functional abnormalities of the nervous system, or both, has become the principal focus of biological studies of schizophrenia. Computed tomography studies have revealed ventricular enlargement and cortical atrophy in a subgroup of schizophrenic pa...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/13.1.77
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence and demographic and clinical correlates of lifetime substance use disorders were examined in a cohort of 325 recently hospitalized psychiatric patients (53% schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder). Alcohol use was the most common type of substance use disorder, followed by cannabis and cocaine use. U...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033438
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Poor insight into illness is considered the primary cause of treatment noncompliance in schizophrenia. In this article, we critically discuss the predominant conceptual accounts of poor insight, which consider it as an ineffective self-reflection, caused either by psychological defenses or impaired metacognition. We a...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbt087
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The diagnosis of schizophrenia is thought to embrace several distinct subgroups. The manifold entities in a single clinical patient group increase the variance of biological measures, deflate the group-level estimates of causal factors, and mask the presence of treatment effects. However, reliable neurobiological boun...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbz112
更新日期:2020-04-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Brief Limited Intermittent Psychotic Symptoms (BLIPS) are key inclusion criteria to define individuals at ultra high risk for psychosis (UHR). Their diagnostic and prognostic significance is unclear. OBJECTIVES:To address the baseline diagnostic relationship between BLIPS and the ICD-10 categories and exami...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw151
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::At the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (MATRICS) New Approaches Conference, a discussion group focused on directions for future research that are critical to enhancing our understanding of the distinctions among key cognitive domains that have relevance for the development of c...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbi047
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A major factor associated with poor prognostic outcome after a first psychotic break is cannabis misuse, which is prevalent in schizophrenia and particularly common in individuals with recent-onset psychosis. Behavioral interventions aimed at reducing cannabis use have been unsuccessful in this population. Cannabidiol...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbx105
更新日期:2018-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::Given the rising costs of health care and the decrease in public expenditures on mental health care, policy-makers and program managers must identify cost-effective approaches for treating severely mentally ill patients. During the last year, there have been two major cost-effectiveness studies implemented in Californ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/17.3.461
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent clinical and neurobehavioral evidence suggests cerebellar dysfunction in schizophrenia (SZ). We used the prism adaptation motor task (PAT) to probe specific cerebellar circuits in the disorder. PAT requires cerebellum-dependent motor adaptation, perceptual remapping, and strategic control. A failure to engage i...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbaa019
更新日期:2020-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::Schizophrenia is a disabling clinical syndrome found across the world. While the incidence and clinical expression of this illness are strongly influenced by ethnic factors, it is unclear whether patients from different ethnicities show distinct brain deficits. In this multicentre study, we used structural Magnetic Re...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbv109
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The search for a treatment of tardive dyskinesia (TD) has focused largely on cholinergic and GABAergic agents that are believed to attenuate striatal imbalances and bring about symptomatic control of dyskinetic movements. While numerous reports of the partial effectiveness of acute treatment with cholinergic or GABAer...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/7.4.571
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Adult patients having schizophrenia (SZ) or bipolar disorder (BP) may have in common neurocognitive deficits. Former evidence suggests impairments in several neuropsychological functions in young offspring at genetic risk for SZ or BP. Moreover, a dose-response relation may exist between the degree of famili...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbn058
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The author reviews a number of studies which have shown that the overall mortality among patients with schizophrenia is about twice that in the general population. The highest excess mortality is found in suicide and violent death, but there seems to be an increased mortality also in cardiovascular disorders. Whether ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/15.1.81
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The two indices that have been proposed for quantifying the accuracy of smooth-following eye movements are shown to be interchangeable. This algebraic fact will permit comparability of values between laboratories only if workers who employ the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) as their index measure S and N as the total sig...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/7.2.204
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Early intervention is assumed to improve outcome in first-episode psychosis, but this has not been proven. OBJECTIVE:To study whether 1-year outcome will be better in a health care sector with early detection (ED) of psychosis compared with sectors with no early detection (no-ED). DESIGN:A quasi-experiment...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbl005
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychotic experiences may be understood as altered information processing due to aberrant neural computations. A prominent example of such neural computations is the computation of prediction errors (PEs), which signal the difference between expected and experienced events. Among other areas showing PE coding, hippoca...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sby154
更新日期:2019-09-11 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have reported associations between childhood adversities, eg, loss of a parent, being raised in institutional care, sexual and other kinds of abuse by adults and bullying by peers, and psychosis in adulthood. However, the mechanisms by which these adversities lead to psychotic experiences are poorly u...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbs049
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gender effects have been reported quite consistently in schizophrenia, with male patients having an earlier age of onset, poorer functional outcome, greater negative symptoms and cognitive impairment, and less severe positive symptoms. Because age of onset, cognitive impairments, and negative symptoms are all correlat...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006850
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abnormalities in both time processing and dopamine (DA) neurotransmission have been observed in schizophrenia. Time processing seems to be linked to DA neurotransmission. The cognitive dysmetria hypothesis postulates that psychosis might be a manifestation of the loss of coordination of mental processes due to impaire...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw065
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::While many who hear auditory hallucinations (AHs) experience them as unpleasant, some do not. Little is known about the correlates of AHs that are not unpleasant, or of the characteristics of those who hear them. To better understand this symptom, we used a comprehensive structured interview schedule to study 199 subj...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007060
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Advances in psychopharmacology have produced medications with substantial efficacy in the treatment of positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia and the prevention of relapse or symptom exacerbation after an acute episode. In the clinical setting, the individual patient's acceptance or rejection of prescribed ph...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/23.4.637
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rate of substance-use disorders in patients with mental illnesses within the psychotic spectrum, such as schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder, is higher than the rate observed in the general population and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Although there are currently...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbl010
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Instrument-based scores are often used as outcome measures. However, little is known about what changes in scores mean in terms of a clinical assessment of improvement or deterioration. The purpose of this report was to determine how much change in standard instrument scores represents a clinically detectable improvem...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006869
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a prospective study involving 161 patients discharged from inpatient psychiatric treatment, outcome data were obtained for 93 percent of the patients 1 year after clinic discharge. Sixty-seven percent of the patients were directly interviewed for the followup examination. Outcome data for symptomatology, relapses, ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/13.2.287
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::North American outcome studies of schizophrenia conducted within the past quarter century are reviewed if their minimum average followup is 10 years and they meet at least some modern design criteria. Ten such investigations are described and summarized. Taken as a whole, they demonstrate that schizophrenia can be a c...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/14.4.515
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reviews the existing evidence for the efficacy and effectiveness of psychoeducational family interventions in the treatment of persons with schizophrenia. There is substantial evidence that psychoeducational family interventions reduce the rate of patient relapse. There is suggestive, though not conclusiv...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/21.4.631
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neuropsychological deficits predate overt psychosis and overlap with the impairments in the established disease. However, to date, no single neurocognitive measure has shown sufficient power for a prognostic test. Thus, it remains to be determined whether multivariate neurocognitive pattern classification co...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbr037
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Strong familial aggregation of schizophrenia has been reported but there is uncertainty concerning the degree of genetic contribution to the phenotypic variance of the disease. This study aimed to examine the familial aggregation and heritability of schizophrenia, and the relative risks (RRs) of other psychiatric dise...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw159
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00