Abstract：
:The purpose of this work was to establish a controlled and reversible muscle weakness model for studying the effects of weakness on joint degeneration leading to osteoarthritis (OA). The knee extensor muscles of rabbits were injected with single or repeat doses of Botulinum type-A toxin (BTX-A) to partially inhibit acetylcholine (ACh) release at the neuromuscular junction. BTX-A-injected muscles atrophied, they became weaker and push-off forces during hopping were reduced compared to control. BTX-A injections had the greatest effect at short-muscle length and low-stimulation frequencies. Superimposing BTX-A injections on anterior cruciate ligament transection did not cause greater muscle atrophy or weakness than BTX-A injections alone. Monthly repeat injections could be used to keep muscles weak for half a year without any obvious adverse effects to the animals. Gross morphology of the knees and histology of articular cartilage suggested that, in some animals, 4 weeks of muscle weakness resulted in initial signs of joint degeneration, indicating that weakness may be an independent risk factor for joint degeneration leading to OA.
journal_name
J Biomechjournal_title
Journal of biomechanicsauthors
Herzog W,Longino Ddoi
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2007.03.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-01-01 00:00:00pages
S54-63eissn
0021-9290issn
1873-2380pii
S0021-9290(07)00110-8journal_volume
40 Suppl 1pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:In vivo loads acting at the hip joint have so far only been measured in few patients and without detailed documentation of gait data. Such information is required to test and improve wear, strength and fixation stability of hip implants. Measurements of hip contact forces with instrumented implants and synchronous ana...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(01)00040-9
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experimental data in human movement science commonly consist of repeated measurements under comparable conditions. One can face the question how to identify a single trial, a set of trials, or erroneous trials from the entire data set. This study presents and evaluates a Selection Method for a Representative Trial (SM...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.06.012
更新日期：2012-08-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Static stretching is a major type of mechanical stimuli utilized during distraction osteogenesis (DO), a general surgical method for the lengthening of bone. The molecular signals that drive the regenerative process in DO include a variety of cytokines. Among these, bone morphogenic protein (BMP, -2 and -4) has been r...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.08.006
更新日期：2009-12-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Arterial stiffening occurs with age and is associated with lack of exercise. Notably both age and lack of exercise are major cardiovascular risk factors. While it is well established that bulk arterial stiffness increases with age, more recent data suggest that the intima, the innermost arterial layer, also stiffens d...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.03.016
更新日期：2016-06-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Overactive bladder is often characterized by biomechanical changes in the bladder wall, but there is no established method to measure these changes in vivo. The goal of this study was to develop a novel method to determine detrusor wall biomechanical parameters during urodynamics through the incorporation of transabdo...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2017.07.028
更新日期：2017-08-16 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanical properties of vertebrate erythrocytes depend on their cytoskeletal protein networks. Membrane skeleton proteins spectrin and protein 4.1 (4.1R) cross-link with actin to maintain membrane stability under mechanical stress. Phosphorylation of 4.1R alters the affinity of 4.1R for spectrin-actin binding and...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.07.022
更新日期：2014-10-17 00:00:00
abstract：:There are two main types of fluid in bone tissue, blood and interstitial fluid. The chemical composition of these fluids varies with time and location in bone. Blood arrives through the arterial system containing oxygen and other nutrients and the blood components depart via the venous system containing less oxygen an...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.12.013
更新日期：2015-03-18 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) experience secondary musculoskeletal adaptations, affecting the mechanical and material properties of muscles and tendons. CP-related changes in the spastic muscle are well documented whilst less is known about the tendon. From a clinical perspective, it is important...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.07.020
更新日期：2016-09-06 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed at testing the reliability and construct validity of a trunk perturbation protocol (TPP) that estimates the intrinsic and reflexive contributions to low-back stiffness. The TPP consists of a series of pseudorandom position-controlled trunk perturbations in an apparatus measuring forces and displacemen...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.11.036
更新日期：2015-01-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Groups of rats were killed at 2, 6, 12, and 24 months of age. From dissected left and right mandibles in each rat, three pairs of transverse sections were cut at the incisal, middle, and basal regions of the incisor. One section in each pair was loaded until failure and a stress-strain curve for the periodontal ligame...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2003.11.013
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to apply the Floating Axis analysis technique to the elbow joint, and to verify its ability to quantify clinically relevant radiohumeral translation in vitro using an electromagnetic tracking device. Of particular interest was the ability to quantify changes in anterior-posterior radial h...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(03)00103-9
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endothelial cells regulate vascular tone and mural remodelling in a shear-dependent manner that is commonly assumed to keep wall shear stress constant across arteries and species. Allometric arguments show that aortic flow velocity is constant across species, a deduction that is consistent with much experimental data,...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2006.07.020
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We recently demonstrated that a set of five functional muscle synergies were sufficient to characterize both hindlimb muscle activity and active forces during automatic postural responses in cats standing at multiple postural configurations. This characterization depended critically upon the assumption that the endpoi...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2007.09.012
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The reliability of joint rotation measurements is an issue of major interest, especially in clinical applications. The effect of instrumental errors and soft tissue artifacts on the variability of human motion measures is well known, but the influence of the representation of joint motion has not yet been studied. The...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.12.045
更新日期：2016-02-08 00:00:00
abstract：:During range of motion (max-ROM) tests performed on an isokinetic dynamometer, the mechanical delay between the button press (by the participant to signal their max-ROM) and the stopping of joint rotation resulting from system inertia induces errors in both max-ROM and maximum passive joint moment. The present study a...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.05.036
更新日期：2019-07-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Motion capture systems are widely used to measure human kinematics. Nevertheless, users must consider system errors when evaluating their results. Most validation techniques for these systems are based on relative distance and displacement measurements. In contrast, our study aimed to analyse the absolute volume accur...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.04.009
更新日期：2018-06-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Gravity is a contributing force that is believed to influence strongly the control of limb movements since it affects sensory input and also contributes to task mechanics. By altering the relative contribution of gravitational force to the overall forces used to control pedaling at different body orientations, we test...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(96)00038-3
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experiments were performed to study biaxial anisotropy in relaxed canine carotid arteries subjected to a wide range of longitudinal lengths and transmural pressures. In order to encompass the range of vessel lengths which occurs in situ, 120 carotid arteries were studied at 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% extension relative to ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(86)90011-4
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Identification of kinetic variables in different masks of foot is important for the evaluation and treatment of chronic low back pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chronic idiopathic low back pain on kinetic variables of gait in different foot masks. 11 idiopathic chronic low back pain patien...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.08.013
更新日期：2018-10-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Electromyography (EMG) biofeedback training affords patients a better sense of the different muscle activation patterns involved in the movement of the shoulder girdle. It is important to address scapular kinematics with labourers who have daily routines involving large amounts of lifting at shoulder level or higher. ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.04.036
更新日期：2016-06-14 00:00:00
abstract：:The study of human locomotion and its applications are examined from a historical viewpoint. Several critical steps in the advancement of the discipline are considered in the context of addressing a particular need to answer fundamental questions regarding the process of human locomotion. In addition, changes in the m...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(00)00061-0
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The intervertebral disc is formed by the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF), and intervertebral tissue contains a large amount of negatively charged proteoglycan. When this tissue becomes deformed, a streaming potential is induced by liquid flow with positive ions. The anisotropic property of the AF tissu...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.06.018
更新日期：2011-09-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Simulating and analysing eye movement is useful for assessing visual system contribution to discomfort with respect to body movements, especially in virtual environments where simulation sickness might occur. It can also be used in the design of eye prosthesis or humanoid robot eye. In this paper, we present two biome...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.02.006
更新日期：2018-04-11 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to determine the intervertebral kinematics of the young, healthy cervical spine during dynamic, three-dimensional, functional loading. Intervertebral motion was characterized by the range of motion (ROM) and the helical axis of motion (HAM). Biplane radiographs of the cervical spine wer...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.02.049
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The nonlinear stress-strain characteristics of the human menisci were determined by uniaxial elongation tests performed on circumferential and radial specimens prepared from different regions, layers, and locations. The properties of the collagen fibers and the matrix were calculated using the test results along with ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(94)00081-e
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increasing diversity in the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) fields has become imperative to ensure equitable access to economic opportunity and to provide the technologically adept workforce of the future. The present STEM pipeline preferentially engages youth who are, not only aware of and intereste...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.109511
更新日期：2020-01-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Human movement reconstruction is still difficult due to noise generated by the use of skin markers. The a priori definition of a kinematic chain associated with a global optimisation method allows reducing these deleterious effects. When dealing with the forearm, this approach can be improved by personalising the two ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.01.029
更新日期：2013-04-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Interstitial fluid pressurization, a consequence of a biphasic tissue structure, is essential to the load bearing and lubrication properties of articular cartilage. Focal tissue degradation may interfere with this protective mechanism, eventually leading to gross degeneration and osteoarthritis. Our long-term goal is ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.12.019
更新日期：2012-04-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Biphasic properties of articular cartilage allow it to be an excellent bearing material and have been studied through several simplified experiments as well as finite element modelling. However, three-dimensional biphasic finite element (FE) models of the whole joint are rare. The current study was carried out to expe...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.02.140
更新日期：2011-05-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Time-domain-based one-dimensional wave propagation models of the arterial system are preferable over one-dimensional wave propagation models in the frequency domain since the latter neglect the non-linear convection forces present in the physiological situation, especially when the vessel is tapered. Moreover, one-dim...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2007.09.014
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
