Abstract:
:The potent parkinsonian neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is known to cause dopaminergic neurodegeneration in nigrostriatal system. In the present study we investigated the nuclear morphology of cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) region of rats following unilateral intranigral infusion of the active metabolite, 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium ion (MPP(+)), which resulted in a dose-dependent and prolonged dopamine depletion in the ipsilateral striatum. There appeared a substantial loss of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive neurons in the SNpc that received the neurotoxin. Specific nuclear staining with Hoechst 33342 or acridine orange revealed bright pyknotic, shrunken, distorted nuclei and condensed chromatin with perinuclear nucleolus respectively following visualization with the former and latter dyes in the ipsilateral SNpc, as compared to the round, intact nuclei and centrally positioned nucleolus in the contralateral side. Ultrastructural details of the nucleus under transmission electron microscope confirmed distorted nuclear organization with shrunken or condensed nuclei and disrupted nuclear membrane. These features are typical of nucleus undergoing apoptosis, and suggest that MPP(+) causes dopaminergic neuronal death through an apoptotic mode. Typical laddering pattern of genomic DNA isolated from the ipsilateral SN in agarose gel electrophoresis conclusively established apoptosis following intranigral administration of MPP(+) in rats.
journal_name
Neurochem Resjournal_title
Neurochemical researchauthors
Banerjee R,Sreetama S,Saravanan KS,Dey SN,Mohanakumar KPdoi
10.1007/s11064-007-9299-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-07-01 00:00:00pages
1238-47issue
7eissn
0364-3190issn
1573-6903journal_volume
32pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) has been suggested playing an important role in the pathophysiology of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), however the underlying cellular mechanisms are not fully understood. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a critical organelle for synthesis of membrane and secretory proteins, and ...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-014-1262-x
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We review here the possible mechanisms of neuronal degeneration caused by L-cysteine, an odd excitotoxin. L-Cysteine lacks the omega carboxyl group required for excitotoxic actions via excitatory amino acid receptors, yet it evokes N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) -like excitotoxic neuronal death and potentiates the Ca2+ i...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1023/a:1007616817499
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an experimentally induced autoallergic demyelinating disease which is caused by immunization with a particular neuroantigen, such as myelin basic protein (MBP). Results have suggested that protease inhibitors might be useful therapeutically. Leupeptin (acetyl-L-leucyl-L...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00964667
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats fed a vitamin E-deficient diet for 7--8 weeks postweaning showed no change in brain weight or the activity in brain of various enzymes involved in neurotransmitter synthesis and metabolism. Body and muscle weights were markedly reduced. Muscle choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase activities were sig...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00966003
更新日期:1978-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To clarify the molecular basis of the cytoprotective properties of immunophilin ligands (IPLs), the anti-apoptotic effects of IPLs were determined in human glioma U251 cells. GPI1046 and V10367, non-immunosuppressive IPLs (NI-IPLs), as well as FK506, an immunosuppressive IPL (I-IPL), had cytoprotective effects against...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/b:nere.0000029565.92587.25
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 2 (DYRK2), a protein kinase that phosphorylates its substrates on serine/threonine, is expressed in numerous human tumors, but little is known about its role in the pathophysiology of glioma. In this study, we made an effort to explore the expression and function in human gli...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-017-2345-2
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that chronic administration of SR-3 (a 1:4 mixture of alpha-linolenic and linoleic acid) affects spatial learning, thermoregulation, pain threshold and protection from seizures. The mode of action is unknown. One possible explanation is that the preparation induces changes in the fatty acid...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1022430620205
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies on primary astrocytes cultured in vitro have shown that process formation involves changes in cytoskeletal proteins and release of tension on the substratum. Actin filament reorganization has previously been found to be the major cytoskeletal change occurring during process formation. These changes are relativ...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1022413718447
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Post-ischemic changes in energy metabolites and natural antioxidant compounds have been measured in rat brain in vitro concurrent with two different assays for peroxidized lipids. No exogenous free radical initiators were employed. In vitro oxygenation of minced brain preparations for periods of 10 minutes to 4 hours,...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00965496
更新日期:1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most studies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have focused on a single precipitating alteration as the etiological event rather than global changes closely linked to aging. Recent evidence suggests that the most significant of these global changes are metabolic. Here we present data indicating that metabolic rate, nutritio...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1023/a:1025678510480
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ketone body, β-hydroxybutyrate (βOHB), is metabolised by the brain alongside the mandatory brain fuel glucose. To examine the extent and circumstances by which βOHB can supplement glucose metabolism, we studied guinea pig cortical brain slices using increasing concentrations of [U-13C]D-βOHB in conjunction with [1...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-017-2228-6
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::SENP3 (SUMO-specific proteases 3), a member of the small ubiquitin-like modifier specific protease family, was identified as a molecule that deconjugates SUMOylation of modified protein substrates and functions as an isopeptidase by disrupting SUMO homeostasis to facilitate cancer development and progression. However,...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-012-0869-z
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::α-Synuclein (α-Syn) plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD), the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Previous studies have shown that α-Syn regulates dopamine synthesis by binding to and inhibiting tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). In neurons, protein phosphatases (PPs) play a prominent role...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-014-1477-x
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protein misfolding and deposition in the brain are implicated in the etiology of numerous neurodegenerative disorders. Here, organic solutes characteristic of microorganisms adapted to hot environments, were tested on experimental cell models of Huntington's and Parkinson's diseases. Diglycerol phosphate, di-myo-inosi...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-011-0440-3
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chicken neurons in culture display measurable activities of mono- and diacylglycerol lipases. Treatment of chicken neuronal cultures with gangliosides (10(-8)M to 10(-5)M) resulted in a time and dose dependent increase in monoacylglycerol lipase activity. The diacylglycerol lipase showed significant increase in specif...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00966702
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sex differences exist in the functioning of the two brain corticosteroid receptor systems. Ovarian steroid replacement alters receptor mRNA expression, receptor binding capacities, and receptor affinity. The abundance of both mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) message can be reduced by es...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1023/a:1022023207326
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chlorpyrifos (CPF), an organophosphorus insecticide is known to cause ill health in non-target animals by inducing oxidative stress. In this study influence of cold stress (15°C and 20°C) and age as modulating factors on CPF induced oxidative stress was addressed to assess age-related differences and vulnerability in ...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-010-0311-3
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mevalonate phosphorylation was studied in neonatal chick brain. Formation of phosphorylated derivatives of mevalonic acid increased with the pH in the range assays (5.5-9.5). Phosphomevalonate kinase was completely inactivated after treatment at 50 degree C for 5-10 min, whereas mevalonate kinase was found to retain i...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00965047
更新日期:1981-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a type of long-term disability with a high morbidity rate in clinical settings for which there is no effective clinical treatment to date. Usually, lithium is used as a popular mood stabilizer. Recently, growing evidence has shown that lithium has clear neuroprotective effects after SCI, an...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-018-2488-9
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::gamma-L-Glutamylglutamate (LGG), an endogenous constituent of the brain, reduced the glutamate-evoked increase in intracellular Ca2+ in cultured cerebellar granule cells. The extent and properties of this inhibition were different at different Mg2+ concentrations. The intracellular Ca2+ response to NMDA was slightly e...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00970596
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cellular uptake of the GABA-transaminase inhibitors gamma-vinyl GABA (GVG) and gamma-acetylenic GABA (GAG) was studied in cultured neurons and astrocytes. By the use of the individual enantiomers R- and S-GVG and R- and S-GAG it could be shown that in both cell types only the S-enantiomers could be actively transp...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00965769
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nerve growth factor (NGF) has been isolated from human placental tissue. Using the chicken embryo dorsal root ganglia assay, we determined levels of NGF activity for the amnion, placental cotyledons, cord serum, fetal serum, and maternal serum. The highest levels of NGF activity were measured in placental cotyledons. ...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00964058
更新日期:1978-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protein kinase C has recently attracted considerable attention because of its importance in the control of cell division, cell differentiation, and signal transduction across the cell membrane. The activity of this enzyme is altered by several lipids such as diacylglycerol, free fatty acids, lipoxins, gangliosides, an...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF00973288
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metabolism of triacylglycerol (TAG) in developing brain has been examined. TAG is a relatively minor fraction of brain lipid in both suckling and adult rats and cannot be accounted for as entrapped blood. When glycerol tri[1-14C]oleate and [2-3H]glycerol trioleate were simultaneously injected intracerebrally into suck...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00966679
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Curcumin (diferuloyl), from the Indian spice turmeric, reduces oxidative damage and induces apoptosis. Utilizing DNA microarrays, we have demonstrated that a low (5 microM) dose of curcumin added to a mixture of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes (C6 rat glioma cells) in culture for 24 and 48 h significantly modulates ge...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-008-9608-x
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cortical cup model with continuous perfusion of artificial cerebrospinal fluid (containing 134 mM NaCl) was used to investigate the effects of anion channel blockers on the hyposmotically-induced release of amino acids from the in vivo rat cerebral cortex. The hyposmotic stimulus (25 mM NaCl) evoked a release of tau...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1020902104056
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity and levels of tyrosine were measured in whole brains from mice subjected to brief electric foot shock or to single or multiple injections of hydrocortisone acetate (HCA; 20 mg/kg). Adult brain tyrosine levels showed a rapid increase after either foot shock or a single injection of HC...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00964094
更新日期:1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuropeptides are derived from large and inactive proteins which require endoproteolytic processing for the biosynthesis of the bioactive peptides. The maturation of pro-neuropeptide to neuropeptide is believed to be performed by ortholog pro-protein convertase EGL-3 in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Furthermore...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-018-2636-2
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) and exerts its actions via a number of ionotropic glutamate receptors/channels and metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors. In addition to being expressed in neurons, glutamate receptors are expressed in different types of...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11064-008-9694-9
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exercise increases both the consumption of oxygen and the production of reactive species in biological tissues, and this is counterbalanced by antioxidant adaptations to regular physical training. When the intensity of exercise fluctuates between mild and moderate, it improves the status of reduction-oxidation balance...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-014-1339-6
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00