Hydroquinone and its analogues in dermatology - a potential health risk.

Abstract:

:Hydroquinone has been used for decades as a skin lightening agent. Since January 1, 2001, its use in cosmetics has been banned. This ban is as a result of mid-term effects such as leukoderma-en-confetti/occupational vitiligo and exogenous ochronosis. However, a recent literature search on hydroquinone as a skin lightening agent suggests that possible long-term effects such as carcinogenesis may be expected as well. Metabolites of hydroquinone formed in the liver, e.g., p-benzoquinone and glutathione conjugates of hydroquinone, are mainly responsible for this. In the bone marrow, hydroquinone is oxidized into p-benzoquinone because of the high myeloperoxidase activity. Topically applied hydroquinone-containing creams may give rise to accumulation of these compounds, which can cause DNA damage and mutations. They also have the capability to disrupt protective mechanisms, whereby they facilitate further development of cancer. In the bone marrow, long-term effects such as aplastic anemia and acute myeloid leukemias may occur. Most of the evidence stems from research on benzene toxicity, which appears to arise via its metabolite hydroquinone. There is no report yet demonstrating carcinogenesis resulting from the application of hydroquinone-containing creams. However doctors should be aware of these potential health risks which were up until now disregarded.

journal_name

J Cosmet Dermatol

authors

Westerhof W,Kooyers TJ

doi

10.1111/j.1473-2165.2005.40202.x

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2005-06-01 00:00:00

pages

55-9

issue

2

eissn

1473-2130

issn

1473-2165

pii

JCD40202

journal_volume

4

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Dermoscopic pre- and posttreatment evaluation in patients with androgenetic alopecia on platelet-rich plasma-A prospective study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Platelet-rich plasma is rich in growth factors that promote differentiation and growth of dermal papilla cells by various signaling pathways. Dermoscopy is handy, bedside tool that helps to improve diagnostic accuracy in various hair disorders. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate and study the role of dermoscopy in pati...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/jocd.12845

    authors: Shetty VH,Goel S

    更新日期:2018-12-16 00:00:00

  • Objective assessment of facial skin aging and the associated environmental factors in Japanese monozygotic twins.

    abstract::Twin studies, especially those involving monozygotic (MZ) twins, facilitate the analysis of factors affecting skin aging while controlling for age, gender, and genetic susceptibility. The purpose of this study was to objectively assess various features of facial skin and analyze the effects of environmental factors on...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/jocd.12081

    authors: Ichibori R,Fujiwara T,Tanigawa T,Kanazawa S,Shingaki K,Torii K,Tomita K,Yano K,Osaka Twin Research Group.,Sakai Y,Hosokawa K

    更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00

  • Clinical outcomes and technical tips for eyebrow restoration using single-follicular-unit hair transplantation: A case series review.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Clinical outcomes of eyebrow restoration with single-follicular-unit hair transplantation largely depend on the surgeon's anatomic knowledge, experience, and technical skills. AIMS:To evaluate the effect of the reconstruction with single follicular unit transplantation on eyebrow loss and provide technical ...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/jocd.13242

    authors: Jiang W,Wang M,Wang B

    更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00

  • Do moisturizers work?

    abstract::Moisturizers are used on large body surfaces to maintain the smoothness of the skin and to break the dry-skin cycle. Many healthcare professionals and patients overlook the importance of moisturizers and do not consider them to be 'active' treatments. However, evidence from clinical and experimental studies shows that...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/j.1473-2130.2004.00062.x

    authors: Lodén M

    更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00

  • 650 usec 1064nm Nd:YAG laser treatment of acne: A double-blind randomized control study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:A variety of energy-based devices have been used to treat acne. However, all studies have been subjective and have not involved double-blind and randomized controlled studies. AIMS:We undertook a randomized controlled study evaluating the use of a 650 usec 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser compared with a sham in the tr...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/jocd.13480

    authors: Kesty K,Goldberg DJ

    更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00

  • QR 678 & QR678 Neo Vs PRP-A randomised, comparative, prospective study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Hair plays a significant role in shaping the appearance of an individual. Loss of hair can lead to serious effects on social esteem of an individual. The most common cause of hair loss is Androgenetic Alopecia (AGA).This hereditary disorder followed a specific pattern causing progressive thinning of hair in ...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/jocd.13398

    authors: Kapoor R,Shome D,Vadera S,Ram MS

    更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00

  • Immediate vesicular eruption caused by topical 23% lidocaine 7% tetracaine ointment in a patient scheduled for laser therapy: a new adverse drug reaction.

    abstract::Topical anesthetic agents have increased in number, formulations, and applications because of their efficacy and generally mild side effect profile. To date, there have been no reports of immediate vesicular eruption as a result of topical application of lidocaine or tetracaine. Two cases and a brief review of the lit...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 信件

    doi:10.1111/j.1473-2165.2011.00576.x

    authors: Vij A,Markus R

    更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00

  • A survey on usage of personal care products especially cosmetics among university students in Saudi Arabia.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The harmful health effects of personal care products especially cosmetics have engulfed many societies of the world especially the female section without an alarm. OBJECTIVES:To estimate the prevalence of cosmetic usage and to assess the experiences of Saudi female undergraduate students in Wadi Al Dawasir ...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/jocd.12773

    authors: Husain K

    更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00

  • Intralesional injection of bleomycin in the treatment of xanthelasma palpebrarum: A clinical study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Xanthelasma palpebrarum (XP) is the most common type of cutaneous xanthoma and has been treated with intralesional injection of pingyangmycin effectively. However, bleomycin, which has the same effect in antitumor activity as pingyangmycin, has not been applied in the treatment of XP. AIMS:To explore and as...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/jocd.13258

    authors: Lin X,Hu H,Qian Y,Jie X,Nie B,Zhao YZ,Wang H,Jiang H

    更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00

  • Variability of skin pH after the use of different collagen gels.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Skin pH is an important parameter indicating the condition of the skin because imbalance can contribute to the development of skin problems and earlier aging. Individual skin pH depends on many factors such as hydration, sweating, sebum excretion, genetics, sex, and age. Additionally, it can be affected by e...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/jocd.12303

    authors: Ciszek A

    更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00

  • Sunscreen remanence on the skin: a noninvasive real time in vivo spectral analysis assessing the quenching of specular ultraviolet A light reflectance.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Under specific light illumination, particularly ultraviolet radiation (UVR), the skin produces both specular light reflectance and, possibly, specific fluorescent emission. A quenching effect of fluorescence is observed following the application of sunscreens active against UVA radiations. AIMS:To assess no...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/jocd.12169

    authors: Piérard GE,Khazaka D,Khazaka G

    更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00

  • Therapeutic effect of microneedling and autologous platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of atrophic scars: A randomized study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:New treatments and techniques were being added over the last few years to treat atrophic scars with variable results and adverse effects. AIM OF THE WORK:The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the therapeutic efficacy and safety of microneedling, autologous platelet-rich plasma, and combination o...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1111/jocd.12356

    authors: Ibrahim ZA,El-Ashmawy AA,Shora OA

    更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00

  • Facial scars after a road accident--combined treatment with pulsed dye laser and Q-switched Nd:YAG laser.

    abstract::We report the case of a woman who presented with several facial scars following a road accident. Treatment was carried out using combined laser treatment with pulsed dye laser (PDL) and Q-switched neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser (QS Nd:YAG laser). No side effects or complications from treatment were noted or r...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 信件

    doi:10.1111/j.1473-2165.2008.00394.x

    authors: Martins A,Trindade F,Leite L

    更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00

  • Use of a novel 589-nm solid-state laser for treatment of facial erythema.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety associated with use of a 589-nm solid-state laser for treatment of facial erythema. METHODS:A prospective, IRB-approved study was conducted. Participants who were interested in treatment for facial erythema were recruited. They received four monthly treatments with the 589...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/jocd.12742

    authors: Cohen DK,Gonzalez NE,Bloom BS,Goldberg DJ

    更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00

  • Childhood vitiligo in Egypt: Clinico-epidemiologic Profile of 483 patients.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Childhood vitiligo is commonly encountered. Pattern and distribution of childhood vitiligo were not clearly described in past. AIMS:To study clinical characteristics of vitiligo among Egyptian children in relation to epidemiological data and compare them with those of adolescents and adults. PATIENTS AND M...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/jocd.13451

    authors: El-Husseiny R,Abd-Elhaleem A,Salah El-Din W,Abdallah M

    更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00

  • Traffic-derived air pollution compromises skin barrier function and stratum corneum redox status: A population study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Since air pollution is only one of many environmental stressors that can affect skin, it has been challenging to identify skin appearance or functional features profoundly affected by chronic exposure to traffic-derived air pollution. AIMS:The current population study focused on taxi drivers working in urba...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/jocd.13194

    authors: Huang N,Mi T,Xu S,Dadd T,Ye X,Chen G,Du Y,Santhanam U

    更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00

  • Evaluation of headache relief with cosmetic onabotulinumtoxinA injections.

    abstract::Chronic headaches are common and can have a significant effect on quality of life. Approved treatment options are vast and include the use botulinum toxin injections. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of purely cosmetic onabotulinumtoxinA (BOTOX) injections on the frequency and severity of chronic...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/jocd.12098

    authors: Goldman ND,Dorton LH,Marcum KK,Gilbert RM,Sandoval LF

    更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00

  • Facial dynamics and emotional expressions in facial aging treatments.

    abstract::Facial expressions convey emotions that form the foundation of interpersonal relationships, and many of these emotions promote and regulate our social linkages. Hence, the facial aging symptomatological analysis and the treatment plan must of necessity include knowledge of the facial dynamics and the emotional express...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/jocd.12128

    authors: Michaud T,Gassia V,Belhaouari L

    更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00

  • Granuloma annulare after Botulonium toxin A injection: A rare association.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Botulinum toxin is generally considered safe and has been used in constantly expanded cosmetic and therapeutic indications. However, long-term side effects such as granulomatous reactions have been associated with this drug. AIMS:We aim to evaluate a rare reaction to Botulonium toxin A injection. PATIENTS/...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/jocd.13310

    authors: Balighi K,Kamyab K,Azizpour A

    更新日期:2020-02-06 00:00:00

  • A new approach in the treatment of pediatric hypertrophic burn scars: Tixel-associated topical triamcinolone acetonide and 5-fluorouracil delivery.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Pediatric hypertrophic burn scars are challenging to treat due to their widespread nature and pain associated with the treatment. Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (TAC) injection with or without 5-fluorouracil (5FU) is considered first-line treatment for severe hypertrophic scars. The pain associated wi...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/jocd.13192

    authors: Artzi O,Koren A,Niv R,Mehrabi JN,Mashiah J,Friedman O

    更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00

  • Synthetic hair reactions and treatment of complications: Case reports.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Synthetic hair fiber implantation first achieved widespread use in the 1970s, but in 1983, the US Federal Drug Administration banned the fibers due to its complications. Currently available synthetic fibers consist of polyamide material, which has been claimed to be effective and safe. Nevertheless, its use ...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/jocd.13318

    authors: Triwongwaranat D,Boonchai W,Subchookul C,Sitthinamsuwan P,Thuangtong R

    更新日期:2020-02-15 00:00:00

  • The treatment of leg telangiectasia.

    abstract::Leg telangiectasia is more difficult to treat than facial telangiectasia. Investigations may be needed to elucidate the origin of the telangiectasia. In cases of venous insufficiency, investigation of venous haemodynamics is desirable. Treatment is primarily by sclerotherapy, including foam sclerotherapy. Light and la...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/j.1473-2130.2004.00044.x

    authors: Neumann HA,Kockaert MA

    更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00

  • Medium-depth and deep chemical peels.

    abstract::Chemical peeling, also known as chemoexfoliation or dermapeeling, is performed to improve the skin's appearance as it reduces the wrinkles caused by aging and the features of photoaged skin. Although the best results are obtained with deep peels, the medium-depth peels allow to obtain excellent results without the dan...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/j.1473-2165.2005.40213.x

    authors: Camacho FM

    更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00

  • Para rubber seed oil: The safe and efficient bio-material for hair loss treatment.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:Para rubber (Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A. Juss.) Müll. Arg.)) is the important crop of the word. It has been vastly used in biomedical products. However, its pharmacologically application besides the latex is sparely to be explored especially the seed. Cellular biological activities of the standardized p...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/jocd.13843

    authors: Lourith N,Kanlayavattanakul M,Chaikul P

    更新日期:2020-11-13 00:00:00

  • Effect of hair restoration surgery on the scalp sensitivity.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Hair transplant procedure is a surgical procedure which affects the sensitivity of the scalp. OBJECTIVES:To compare scalp two-point discrimination (2PD) values in healthy controls and patients who had hair transplant surgery. PATIENTS/METHODS:The comparative study was conducted in 25 healthy individuals an...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/jocd.13326

    authors: Ahmad M,Mohmand MH

    更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00

  • Effect of pre-treatment of almond oil on ultraviolet B-induced cutaneous photoaging in mice.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Ultraviolet (UV) radiation has been implicated in photoaging and various types of skin carcinomas. Although the human skin has evolved several defense mechanisms to survive the insults of actinic damage like keratinization, melanin pigmentation, etc., it is still subjected to the harmful effects of sunlight....

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/j.1473-2165.2007.00293.x

    authors: Sultana Y,Kohli K,Athar M,Khar RK,Aqil M

    更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00

  • Minimally invasive esthetic procedures of the male breast.

    abstract::In contrast to the female breast the male breast has gained much less attention by aesthetic surgery and cosmetic dermatology. In this review a focus on minimally invasive procedures to correct aesthetic problems of male breast are discussed. The major indications are gynecomastia, breast asymmetry, and body sculpturi...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1111/j.1473-2165.2011.00548.x

    authors: Wollina U,Goldman A

    更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00

  • Alpha-hydroxyacids and carboxylic acids.

    abstract::The carboxylic acids include alpha-hydroxyacids (AHAs), polyhydroxy acids (PHAs), aldobionic acids (ABAs), retinoic acid, vitamin C and azelaic acid. They all have therapeutic actions. AHAs, PHAs and ABAs are organic hydroxyacids, a group of natural and physiological substances which can modulate skin keratinization a...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/j.1473-2130.2004.00059.x

    authors: Yu RJ,Van Scott EJ

    更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00

  • Assessment of skin pigmentation by confocal microscopy: Influence of solar exposure and protection habits on cutaneous hyperchromias.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Cutaneous hyperchromias are disorders of skin pigmentation involving an increase of melanin production and its irregular accumulation in skin cells. It is known that the use of sunscreens helps to prevent changes in the skin pigmentation pattern, but the structural and morphological alterations that occur in...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/jocd.12307

    authors: Martini APM,Mercurio DG,Maia Campos PMBG

    更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00

  • The anti-sebum property of chitosan particles.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Seborrhea is linked to several medical and mental conditions. Although it is common, effective agents and the standardized sebum level for seborrhea are not elucidated. AIMS:To determine the efficacy of chitosan particles (CP) formulation on controlling sebum secretion, its extended effects on skin redness ...

    journal_title:Journal of cosmetic dermatology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/jocd.13274

    authors: Tangkijngamvong N,Phaiyarin P,Wanichwecharungruang S,Kumtornrut C

    更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00