Abstract:
:A token reinforcement program involving two levels of token value and backup reinforcers to increase journal reshelving behavior in a large university library was experimentally evaluated. Results showed that instructions (in which signs asked users to reshelve journals) had no impact. By contrast, token reinforcement contingent on reshelving behavior led to a marked increase in journals reshelved. A return to instructions-only conditions, when data were corrected for library usage, showed an increase in unreshelved journals over the token reinforcement period, though the increase was not to baseline levels. For the next 11 months, library staff maintained a modified token program. Follow-up data collected after that interval showed that number of unreshelved journals remained markedly lower than levels at baseline and the first instructions-only period, though they were slightly higher than at the token reinforcement period. Token reinforcement of the variety employed in this study constitutes an efficient, economical means of changing the behavior of library users who fail to reshelve books and journals.
journal_name
J Appl Behav Analjournal_title
Journal of applied behavior analysisauthors
Meyers H,Nathan PE,Kopel SAdoi
10.1901/jaba.1977.10-213subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1977-07-01 00:00:00pages
213-8issue
2eissn
0021-8855issn
1938-3703journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We examined the effects of a negative reinforcement-based treatment on the self-feeding of 1 child with food selectivity by type and texture. Self-feeding increased when the child could choose to either self-feed 1 bite of a target food or be fed 1 bite of the target food and 5 bites of another food. Possible mechanis...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2011.44-915
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined whether a group contingency increased engagement during elementary school physical education sessions. The intervention employed procedures (explicit instruction, goal setting, and reinforcement) drawn from the first tier of classwide function-related intervention teams (CW-FIT; Wills et al., 2009). Result...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.328
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A choice assessment has been found to be a more accurate method of identifying preferences than is single-item presentation. However, it is not clear whether the effectiveness of reinforcement varies positively with the degree of preference (i.e., whether the relative preference based on the results of a choice assess...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1901/jaba.1996.29-1
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effects of access modifications to home entrances of people with physical disabilities on their reported community outings. An interrupted time-series design was used, in which the introduction of ramps was staggered across the homes of 6 people with moderate to severe mobility impairments. Four partic...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1995.28-457
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Originating in the mid-1960s, functional analysis (FA) has become the gold standard method for understanding the environmental variables that come to shape and maintain problematic behaviors such as aggression, self-injury, and property destruction. Over the decades, a number of studies have refined FA methods, attemp...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.583
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Covariation within behavior repertoires of problem children were examined. Two boys, referred for psychological help, were observed both at school and at home for about 3 yr. A coded observation system permitted scoring of 19 child-behavior categories and six social-environment categories. After a two-month baseline, ...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1975.8-27
更新日期:1975-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The biomotometer, an electronic device which simultaneously measures motor activity and provides auditory feedback, was used in combination with material reinforcers in an experiment to reduce children's activity level in a classroom setting. Subjects were nine boys and two girls, aged 9--13, from a day hospital progr...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1979.12-441
更新日期:1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study investigated a discrete-trials, operant tracking and a descending-series procedure for the determination of hearing levels with profoundly retarded individuals. These individuals were previously diagnosed as untestable. Following stimulus-control training with errorless discrimination procedures, hea...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1982.15-303
更新日期:1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five fifth-grade students tutored five kindergarten children in basic arithmetic skills for 7.5 weeks. A control group consisted of five kindergarten children who received no tutoring and were matched with the experimental group in arithmetic ability. Pre-, mid-, and posttesting was done using a skills-based arithmeti...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1974.7-223
更新日期:1974-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a BAB design, a token system requiring cooperative interaction was used to change the reading and vocabulary performance of an 18-member class of third-grade hyperactive boys. Four different colored tokens, which could be exchanged for 15 minutes of play on electrovideo games, were earned by successful completio...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1981.14-307
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three children with autism were taught abduction-prevention skills using behavioral skills training with in situ feedback. All children acquired the skills, which were maintained at a 1-month follow-up assessment. In addition, 1 of the children demonstrated the skills during a stimulus generalization probe in a commun...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2010.43-107
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1986.19-79
更新日期:1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Percentage agreement measures of interobserver agreement or "reliability" have traditionally been used to summarize observer agreement from studies using interval recording, time-sampling, and trial-scoring data collection procedures. Recent articles disagree on whether to continue using these percentage agreement mea...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1979.12-535
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluated the efficacy of a personalized system of instruction to teach checking account skills to persons with mild disabilities. Using a self-paced manual, 8 participants in two groups were taught to write checks, complete deposit slips, and reconcile monthly bank statements. Four participants were assess...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1990.23-245
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluated an indirect method of training 45 institutional direct care staff to conduct behavioral programs. Three supervisors were trained to improve teaching behaviors (instructions, prompts, and consequence) used by the direct care staff while working with severely and profoundly handicapped residents. In...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1982.15-335
更新日期:1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Discrete-trial instruction (DTI) is a behavioral method of teaching young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) that has received a significant amount of research support. Because of a lack of qualified trainers in many areas of the world, researchers have recently begun to investigate alternative methods of t...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.329
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2001.34-341
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cox et al. (2017) successfully applied the multialternative version of the generalized matching law (GML) to pitch selection among a sample of Major League Baseball (MLB) pitchers. The purpose of the present study was to replicate and extend these findings by fitting the multialternative GML to pitch data among a samp...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.757
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of a training procedure and two maintenance contingencies on consequence-dispensing behavior were investigated. Four peer behavior managers were trained to supervise small groups of subjects (four to six per group) working in programmed math materials and were compared with a teacher skilled in the use of ...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1974.7-103
更新日期:1974-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Child health-care appointments that are not kept are an important pediatric problem. Previous research has shown that reducing effort (with a parking pass) and reminding patients (with mailed and telephone reminders) significantly improved appointment keeping for first-time and patient-scheduled appointments. This stu...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1993.26-461
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three retarded boys served as subjects in a 13-phase experiment. In eight of these phases, the instructions administered by the experimenter before demonstrating a behavior and the consequences for imitative behavior were incongruent (the consequences were not those indicated by the instructions). Consequences rather ...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1972.5-467
更新日期:1972-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1979.12-83
更新日期:1979-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2009.42-895
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1986.19-367
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the current investigation was to identify an appropriate texture for initial treatment of 1 child's feeding problem. Variability in mouth clean (a product measure of swallowing) during a texture assessment suggested that individual pureed foods differentially affected feeding behavior. A single-food ass...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.33
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Noncontingent reinforcement (NCR), a response-independent schedule for the delivery of reinforcement, has been found to be effective in reducing behavior when the reinforcer delivered is responsible for behavioral maintenance. In this study, dense and lean schedules of response-independent attention were compared to d...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1994.27-317
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two studies demonstrated a functional relationship between a peer modeling procedure and the treatment of feeding disorders with 2 young children. In the first experiment, the use of a peer model treatment package was shown to induce swallowing in a child with dysphagia who had never swallowed food or liquid. In the s...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1991.24-783
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Different ways of modifying the aide-patient relationship to promote improvement in psychiatric patients were investigated. Psychiatric aides were given information about the behavior of assigned patients, cash awards based on the improvement of assigned patients, and different kinds of supervision by the psychology s...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1973.6-383
更新日期:1973-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined self- and cross-citations in the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis (JABA) and the Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior (JEAB) from 2004 through 2018. Mean annual levels of self-citations for JABA and JEAB were 40.1% and 28.7%, respectively. Overall, 5.1% of JABA citations were JEAB articles,...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.585
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thousands of children are injured or killed each year in school bus accidents. A significant number of these tragic incidents is precipitated by disruptive child behavior that distracts the drivers from their difficult task. Two experiments were conducted which addressed this problem. For both experiments an automated...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1981.14-177
更新日期:1981-07-01 00:00:00