Abstract:
:We examined the effects of access modifications to home entrances of people with physical disabilities on their reported community outings. An interrupted time-series design was used, in which the introduction of ramps was staggered across the homes of 6 people with moderate to severe mobility impairments. Four participants reported increases in weekly outings following installation of ramps at their entrances, and 2 reported a small decrease. These findings suggest that reducing the response requirements of access to and from the residence of people with mobility impairments may increase community visits, but may be insufficient given other environmental barriers in the community.
journal_name
J Appl Behav Analjournal_title
Journal of applied behavior analysisauthors
White GW,Paine-Andrews A,Mathews RM,Fawcett SBdoi
10.1901/jaba.1995.28-457subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-01-01 00:00:00pages
457-63issue
4eissn
0021-8855issn
1938-3703journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章abstract::This study assessed the impact of choice making on the serious problem behaviors of 3 students with severe autism and/or mental retardation. In the context of within-subject reversal designs, the results showed consistently reduced levels of problem behaviors (e.g., aggression) when the students were given opportuniti...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1990.23-515
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The uncooperative behavior of grade-school children during dental treatment was examined. Forty children enrolled in a government dental program were observed during treatment conditions involving instructions concerning the appropriate behavior required by the dental practitioner, description of the objective procedu...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1980.13-41
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Positive practice overcorrection has been shown to be effective in reducing stereotypic self-stimulatory behaviors displayed by retarded and autistic individuals. In addition, the procedure also may increase the occurrence of appropriate behavior through intensive practice. In the present study, several stereotypic an...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1977.10-679
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Elopement is a dangerous behavior because children who run away may encounter life-threatening situations (e.g., traffic). We conducted functional analyses of the elopement of 3 children who had been diagnosed with developmental disabilities. The results identified a maintaining reinforcer for the elopement of 1 child...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1997.30-653
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effectiveness of a training package on the social behaviors of 20 hearing-impaired children with severe language disabilities was assessed. The package consisted of initial instruction in role-play situations, reinforcement of appropriate instances of the behaviors, and a correction procedure following inappropria...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1993.26-405
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two young boys with autism who used the picture exchange communication system were taught to solve problems (improvise) by using descriptors (functions, colors, and shapes) to request desired items for which specific pictures were unavailable. The results of a multiple baseline across descriptors showed that training ...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2006.131-04
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study evaluated the effects of instructive feedback embedded within a group discrete trial teaching to teach tact relations to nine children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder using a nonconcurrent multiple-baseline design. Dependent variables included correct responses for: primary targets (directly ...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.375
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of functional analysis (FA) methodologies allows the identification of the reinforcers that maintain problem behavior and improved intervention efficacy in the form of function-based treatments. Despite the profound impact of FA on clinical practice and research, questions still remain about the method...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.13
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The procedures described by Sloman et al. (2005) were extended to an analysis of teachers' responses to problem behavior after they had been taught to withhold potential sources of positive and negative reinforcement following instances of problem behavior. Results were consistent with those reported previously, sugge...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2009.42-485
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many early intervention curricular manuals recommend teaching auditory-visual conditional discriminations (i.e., receptive labeling) using the simple-conditional method in which component simple discriminations are taught in isolation and in the presence of a distracter stimulus before the learner is required to respo...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2011.44-475
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a BAB design, a token system requiring cooperative interaction was used to change the reading and vocabulary performance of an 18-member class of third-grade hyperactive boys. Four different colored tokens, which could be exchanged for 15 minutes of play on electrovideo games, were earned by successful completio...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1981.14-307
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We conducted an analogue functional analysis contrasting motor tasks with varying types of social consequences for movements associated with tardive dyskinesia (TD) in 2 men who had been diagnosed with developmental disabilities and TD. Our findings suggest that TD-related movements were not a function of social reinf...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2005.53-04
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Language training procedures, which involved positive reinforcement for verbal imitation, were applied to increase the appropriate verbal behavior of an almost non-verbal, brain damaged, 5-yr-old boy. Two experiments assessed the effectiveness of timeout from positive reinforcement as a training procedure viewed as ha...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1969.2-199
更新日期:1969-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effects of a treatment package on the performance of correct relay tags with 4 inline speed skaters. The treatment package included verbal praise following correct tags, visual feedback of performance data, and instruction for improving performance. Initial gains in the frequency of correct tags we...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2002.35-195
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Independent descriptive (correlational) and functional (experimental) analyses were conducted to determine the extent to which the two methods would yield data supporting similar conclusions about variables maintaining the self-injurious behavior (SIB) of 6 subjects. For the descriptive analyses, subjects were observe...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1993.26-293
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Results of previous research have shown that individuals with intellectual disabilities usually prefer edible items over leisure items. Other research has shown that sensory (leisure) items facilitate response acquisition and maintenance better than edible items do for individuals with autism. The current studies exam...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.200
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current study extends the literature on the assessment and treatment of rumination through the evaluation of a combined reinforcement- and punishment-based intervention. The study included a single participant with a history of rumination maintained by automatic reinforcement, as identified via a functional analys...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.304
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluated behavioral skills training (BST), in a multiple baseline across subjects design, for teaching firearm safety skills to 6 6- and 7-year-old children. Similar to previous research with 4- and 5-year-olds, half of the children acquired the safety skills following BST and half acquired the skills foll...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2004.37-513
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A choice assessment has been found to be a more accurate method of identifying preferences than is single-item presentation. However, it is not clear whether the effectiveness of reinforcement varies positively with the degree of preference (i.e., whether the relative preference based on the results of a choice assess...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1901/jaba.1996.29-1
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental evaluations of behavioral staff management procedures usually have been limited to relatively small-scale demonstration studies. We evaluated a large-scale, long-term application of a staff management program designed to improve the functional utility of educational services for severely handicapped perso...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1987.20-139
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::An investigation was conducted to demonstrate the application of a computerized assessment procedure for determining the preferences of persons with severe handicaps. A computer program was designed to interpret subjects' microswitch activations to produce three distinct types of events (visual, auditory, and tactile)...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1986.19-445
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study compared the copy, cover, and compare method to a picture-word matching method for teaching sight word recognition. Participants were 5 kindergarten students with less than preprimer sight word vocabularies who were enrolled in a public school in the Pacific Northwest. A multielement design was used to eval...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2004.37-339
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the accuracy of 24 staff members' predictions of activities preferred by 14 individuals with severe disabilities. For each of 144 activities, staff members assigned a client preference rating of "likes a lot," "likes," or "dislikes." Two activities from each category were randomly selected for each individ...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1993.26-239
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the relation between the procedural components of supported employment programs and employment outcomes for 120 individuals with disabilities. These individuals were involved in supported employment programs established through the Utah Supported Employment Project. The results suggest that success...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1989.22-417
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cox et al. (2017) successfully applied the multialternative version of the generalized matching law (GML) to pitch selection among a sample of Major League Baseball (MLB) pitchers. The purpose of the present study was to replicate and extend these findings by fitting the multialternative GML to pitch data among a samp...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.757
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the quality of observational data is generally evaluated by observer agreement, measures of both observer agreement and accuracy were available in the present study. Videotapes with a criterion protocol were coded by 16 observers. All observers calculated agreement scores both on their own and their partner's...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1981.14-479
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A retarded child was taught to imitate diverse demonstrations made by an experimenter, until new demonstrations were imitated correctly upon first presentation without direct training. These imitations could be maintained without reinforcement, when they were distributed among other reinforced imitations. Factors resp...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1968.1-225
更新日期:1968-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Appropriate play with toys was studied in two autistic children with high occurrences of self-stimulatory behavior. Each child participated in the experimental sessions in an A-B-A design, where "A" refers to baseline sessions and "B" refers to self-stimulation suppression sessions. It was found that: (a) during the b...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1974.7-521
更新日期:1974-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Behavioral measures of food consumption and tasting were combined with nutrient analysis of foods served at a toddler day-care center to determine whether children at the stage of initial exposure to adult diets would accept textured vegetable protein (TVP) and nonfat dry milk as well as they ate other sources of prot...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1977.10-407
更新日期:1977-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::There has been little research on the effects of the many procedural variables in applied group contingencies. In the present study, an individualized contingency and three group contingencies with different "responder" criteria (e.g., reward based on the group average, reward based on the work of a designated, low-ac...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1982.15-533
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00