Abstract：
:Biogenesis of various endogenous opioid peptides, anatomical distribution and the characteristics of multiple receptors with which they interact provides an opportunity for understanding the role of opioid systems and mechanism of opioid tolerance. Cellular and anatomical distribution of opioid receptor and their function is important for identification of neuronal systems and local network involved in initiation of drug action and subsequent development of adaptations resulting from repeated drug use. The details concerning discovery and progress in endogenous opioid peptide research and their distribution in brain have been described in this review. This review also describes opioid receptors, their distribution and mechanism of down regulation, which may be one of the causes for tolerance to opioids. Agonist induced down regulation and recent evidence for involvement of ubiquitin/proteasome system in this process has been discussed.
journal_name
Indian J Exp Bioljournal_title
Indian journal of experimental biologyauthors
Chaturvedi Kkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-01-01 00:00:00pages
5-13issue
1eissn
0019-5189issn
0975-1009journal_volume
41pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The levels of malondialdehyde and lipofuscin pigments were increased in the prostate of D-galactose (0.5 ml/day, sc, for 20 days) induced aging mice. After B. monniera (40 mg/kg body weight for 20 days) ethanol leaf extract administration levels of both the parameters were reduced significantly. The results suggest th...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetes induced by streptozotocin (50 mg/kg body wt, i.p.) in the rats substantially increased the plasma glucose and malondialdehyde levels along with corresponding decrease in the antioxidants levels. Supplementation of vitamin E (200 mg/kg body wt., ip) for 5 weeks resulted in non-significant decrease in the blood...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bipolar concentric electrodes were implanted in extreme lateral regions of hypothalamus having coordinates (A12.5 mm, L 3.5-3.7 mm, V 3.0-3.7 mm). These sites were electrically stimulated using biphasic square wave pulses (1 ms, 60 Hz) at a current strength ranging from 300-800 microA to evoke predatory attack on an a...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sulforaphane, a constituent of broccoli was investigated for its antimutagenic potential against different classes of cooked food mutagens (heterocyclic amines). These include imidazoazaarenes such as 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ), 2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (MeIQ), 2-amino-3,8-dimethyl...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bioremediation is the most promising and cost effective technology widely used nowadays to clean up both soils and wastewaters containing organic or inorganic contaminants. Discharge of chromium containing wastes has led to destruction of many agricultural lands and water bodies. Utilisation of chromium(Cr) reducing m...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) isolated from coconut kernel was digested with cellulase and hemicellulase and the residual fiber rich in hemicellulose (without cellulose) and cellulose (with out hemicellulose) were fed to rats and compared with a fiber free group. The results indicate that hemicellulose rich fiber ...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) from lake trout of Cornwall lake (LT-IPNV), from trout of Jasper (Ja-IPNV) and Arctic char of Northwest Territories (AC-IPNV) are the three isolates recorded from western Canada. Two segments (nt 453-674 and nt 1197-1503) from VP2 coding region of RNA of the isolates were am...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mechanism of microtuberization in three elite cultivars kufri badhsha (KB), kufri chandramukhi (KCM) and kufri jawahar (KJ) of potato was studied. Sprouts of all the three cultivars were used to obtain in vitro shoot cultures. MS medium supplemented with chlorocholine chloride was found to be most suitable for all the...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An efficient method has been developed for large-scale multiplication of Curculigo orchioides (Hypoxidaceae), an endangered medicinal plant, through direct bulbil formation from leaf explants in shake flask cultures. Leaf-segments (7 x 10 mm) were cultured in B5 liquid medium containing KNO3 (200 mgNL-1), (NH4)2SO4 (5...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Efficacy of vilva, a polyherbal formulation was evaluated in morphine induced constipated rats. Vilva juice, at a dose of 1.5 ml/100 g body wt was given orally for a period of 7 days. Morphine sulfate was injected to induce constipation on 8th day, 45 min before the experiments. Protein bound glycoconjungates were est...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was designed to check whether insulin supplementation is crucial for inducing diabetic nephropathy (DNP) in Wistar rats. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. The urinary biochemical parameters such as albumin, creatinine and urea nitrogen were monitored every two wee...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A rationale of arriving at the concentration of surfactant additives in the pesticidal formulations has been discovered. Fungitoxic activity of each of the two dithanes, Dithane M-45 (maneb) and Dithane Z-78 (zineb) has been estimated in the presence of various concentrations of three surfactants namely sodium lauryl ...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using polyclonal antibodies generated against human seminal plasma inhibin (10.5 KDa), immunocytochemical localization was carried out in paraffin embedded tissue sections of human endometrial biopsies obtained at various phases of the menstrual cycle. A positive reaction which indicated the presence of inhibin was ch...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dianex, a polyherbal formulation intended to use for diabetic patients, has been screened for toxic effects. For acute toxicity studies, Dianex was administered orally in graded doses of 0.75-10 g/kg to the mice. For subacute toxicity studies, different doses of Dianex (1.0, 1.5 and 2.5 g/kg) were administered orally ...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Achyranthes apsera is an abundant indigenous herb in India. Extracts of the whole plant had shown an abortifacient effect in mice. Maximal activity was in the benzene extract which was tested. The drug, in olive oil, was given orally to rabbits in doses of 50 mg/kg of body weight on the 8th day postcoitum. Laparot...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of A. indica (AI, Neem) were evaluated on tests of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses after 3 weeks of oral AI (leaf extract) treatment in ovalbumin immunized mice. At the dose levels tested, AI (10, 30 or 100 mg/kg), had no appreciable influence on different organ (liver, spleen, thymus)/body weig...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of plants is as old as the mankind. Natural products are cheap and claimed to be safe. They are also suitable raw material for production of new synthetic agents. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis Linn.) is a common household plant grown in many parts of the world. It is used for flavouring food, a beverage dri...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The possibility of stimulation of C-reactive protein (CRP) due to inflammation and necrosis caused by cadmium was investigated. Cadmium injection (less than 3 mg/kg body weight) in white rat was found to be associated with the appearance of CRP in liver cytosol after 8 hr and in serum after 18 hr of injection. Althoug...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:L-Tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid and its deficiency is involved in various pathologies. In this present investigation an attempt was made to study the role of tryptophan and its metabolites in cataract formation in wistar rats. Rats were divided and maintained in 3 groups, Group A--control; Group B--margi...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Efficacy of two colorimetric assays, viz. MTT (3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-(yl-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) and neutral red (NR) assays, performed by integrating them to micro culture virus titration (MCVT), was compared with the conventional MCVT method in terms of percentages of infectivity and 50% infectivity end ...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Naturally occurring alkaloids are nitrogenous compounds that constitute the pharmacogenically active basic principles of flowering plants. Alkaloids are classified into several biogenically related groups. Tobacco alkaloids are metabolised from polyamines and diamines putrescine and cadaverine. N-methyl transferase is...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Breast cancer is a common malignancy in women all over the world and novel therapeutic approaches are required for the treatment of patients who become refractory to conventional therapies. Thyroid cancer is being treated successfully with radioiodine since many years. The iodide is transported inside the thyroid epit...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lactobacillus acidophilus strains tested showed inhibitory activity towards Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris and Yersinia enterocolitica. However, wide variations in the activity of the strains were observed. Antagonistic activity of the strains exhibited high heat stability ...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Orange peel oil is used extensively as an approved flavour enhancer in fruit drinks, carbonated beverages and as a scenting agent in soaps and cosmetics. Limonene, which is a monocyclic monoterpene is present in orange peel oil from 90 to 95% (w/w). Monoterpenes have been shown to be very effective chemopreventive age...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The implantation failure in newly inseminated mice induced by food deprivation for 48 hr, beginning at 0900 hrs on day 4 post coitum, was prevented by simultaneous exposure to light continuously for 48 or 36 hr. Food-deprived females that were exposed to continuous light for 36 hr showed a significant increase in feta...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effects of pre- and post-natal undernutrition on learning and memory parameters were studied in albino rats. Prenatal undernutrition was induced in rat pups by restricting the mother's diet by 50% during the entire gestation period, whereas postnatal undernutrition was induced in rat pups by restriction of their diet ...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Significant reduction (68.38%) in sheath blight disease of rice was noticed when foliar spray of a systemic fungicide, kitazin (480 micrograms mg-1), was applied twice at an interval of 2 days before inoculation. SDS-PAGE analysis of proteins of Rhizoctonia-infected rice leaf sheaths revealed the presence of 16 protei...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Regulation of siderophore production in response to iron concentration in the medium was examined. Threshold concentration was recorded for twenty fungi and three rhizobacterial pseudomonads. Organisms showed difference in threshold values at which they stopped siderophore elaboration. In nine fungi (3 aspergilli, 1 p...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When compared with the standard free muscle grafts, predenervated and nerve crushed chick gastrocnemius muscle grafts followed an identical and ordered sequence of tissue degeneration-regeneration. Atrophy of the fibres during ischaemic degeneration was accompanied by loss of weight, noncollagenous proteins and increm...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study was conducted of the effect of intravaginal instillation of 3 nonsteroidal oran antifertility agents in pregnant rats. The 3 compounds used were 2-phenyl-3-rho-beta-pyrrolidinoethoxyphenyl-6-methox y benzofuran hydrochoride (DBF), 20 mg/kg; 2-phenyl-3-rho-beta-pyrrolidi noethoxyphenyl-naptha (2:1,b furan (NF...
journal_title：Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1974-07-01 00:00:00
