Abstract:
:Aflatoxins are highly toxic and carcinogenic fungal secondary metabolites. At least 18 enzyme activities are required for aflatoxin biosynthesis in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus parasiticus. One of these enzymes, versicolorin B synthase (VBS), catalyzes bisfuran ring closure in versiconal hemiacetal (a reaction near the middle of the pathway) to form versicolorin B. This reaction is required for the subsequent activation to aflatoxin B1-8,9 epoxide, a highly reactive and toxic aflatoxin metabolite, and is important for aflatoxin toxicity. We analyzed the localization of VBS in the aflatoxin-producing strain A. parasiticus SU-1 grown on solid media using a colony fractionation technique developed previously. A highly specific polyclonal antibody, raised against a maltose-binding protein-VBS fusion protein synthesized in Escherichia coli, was used to detect VBS in SU-1 grown on a rich solid medium via immunofluorescence confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and immunogold transmission electron microscopy (TEM). VBS was detected in both vegetative hyphae and in asexual developmental structures, called conidiophores. Western blot and CLSM analyses demonstrated the highest abundance of VBS in colony fraction S2 consisting of cells that had grown for 24-48 h; this fraction also contained the highest levels of newly developed conidiophores and the highest abundance of aflatoxin B1, consistent with VBS abundance. At the subcellular level, CLSM and TEM detected VBS distributed throughout the cytoplasm and concentrated in ring-like structures surrounding nuclei. It is uncertain whether enzymatically active VBS is present in either or both locations.
journal_name
Arch Microbioljournal_title
Archives of microbiologyauthors
Chiou CH,Lee LW,Owens SA,Whallon JH,Klomparens KL,Townsend CA,Linz JEdoi
10.1007/s00203-004-0700-6keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-09-01 00:00:00pages
67-79issue
1eissn
0302-8933issn
1432-072Xjournal_volume
182pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Ostracods collected from shallow coral reefs in the Bahamas were found to exhibit blue light-stimulated orange fluorescence at night. Fluorescent spectra revealed the presence of orange fluorescence with a maximum emission at ~595 nm on the carapace of these ostracods, while scanning electron microscopy revealed a mor...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00203-013-0911-9
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although Campylobacter survives within amoeba in-vitro, it is unknown if intra-amoeba Campylobacter jejuni can colonize broilers. Five groups of 28 day-of-hatch chicks were placed into separate isolators. Groups (1) and (2) were challenged with page's amoeba saline (PAS), and disinfected planktonic C. jejuni NCTC 1116...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00203-007-0303-0
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inhibitor studies and mutant analysis revealed a C(30) pathway via 4,4'-diapophytoene and 4,4'-diaponeurosporene to 4,4'-diaponeursoporene-4-oic acid esters related to staphyloxanthin in Halobacillus halophilus. Six genes may be involved in this biosynthetic pathway and could be found in two adjacent gene clusters. Tw...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00203-008-0431-1
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::An extremely thermophilic, sulfur-dependent archaeon, strain WT1, was isolated from a freshwater hot spring in the Lake Taupo area of North Island, New Zealand. The cells are flagellated, strictly anaerobic cocci that grow optimally at 85 degrees C and 5.4 g NaCl l(-1). The strain grows heterotrophically on complex pr...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002030050745
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acinetobacter calcoaceticus LMD 79.41 produced significant amounts of pyrrolo-quinoline quinone (PQQ) in its culture medium when grown on quinic acid or shikimic acid. Studies with LMD 79.41 and PQQ- -mutants of this strain demonstrated that this organism contains an NAD(P)-independent quinate dehydrogenase (QDH) (EC ...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00409714
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fermentative degradation of phenol was studied using a non-methanogenic, pasteurised enrichment culture containing two morphologically different bacteria. Phenol was fermented to benzoate, acetate and butyrate and their relative occurrence depended on the concentration of hydrogen. Proportionately more benzoate was fo...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002030000160
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coenzyme F420 is a 8-hydroxy-5-deazaflavin present in methanogenic bacteria. We have investigated whether the pyrimidine ring of the deazaflavin originates from guanine as in flavin biosynthesis, in which the pyrimidine ring of guanine is conserved. For this purpose the incorporation of [2-14C]guanine and of [8-14C]gu...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00410735
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In autotrophic methanogens, pyruvate oxidoreductase (POR) plays a key role in the assimilation of CO(2) and the biosynthesis of organic carbon. This enzyme has been purified to homogeneity, and the genes from Methanococcus maripaludis were sequenced. The purified POR contained five polypeptides with molecular masses o...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00203-003-0554-3
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The divergently transcribed sulfur oxidation (sox) operon of a sulfur chemolithotrophs, Pseudaminobacter salicylatoxidans KCT001, comprising sox TRS-VW-XYZABCD, is regulated by a repressor (SoxR). SoxR binds to two disparate operators, sv (present in between soxS and soxV) and wx (present in between soxW and soxX). He...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00203-012-0808-z
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Xanthobacter tagetidis grew as a chemolithotrophic autotroph on thiosulfate and other inorganic sulfur compounds, as a heterotroph on thiophene-2-carboxylic acid, acetic acid and alpha-ketoglutaric acid, and as a mixotroph on thiosulfate in combination with thiophene-2-carboxylic acid and/or acetic acid. Autotrophic g...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002030050568
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report structural and functional analyses of the Bradyrhizobium japonicum fixGHIS genes, which map immediately downstream of the fixNOQP operon for the symbiotically essential cbb3-type heme-copper oxidase complex. Expression of fixGHIS, like that of fixNOQP, is strongly induced in cells grown microaerobically or a...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002030050330
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An organism from a goldfish aquarium, isolated on barbital medium, was found to be a Gram-positive coccus which divided in alternating planes, often appearing as a doublet or as a tetrad with adjacent sides flattened. It grew well, although slowly, on rich solid medium (LB agar) and in liquid brain-heart infusion at r...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00288712
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, we reported the synthesis of five bacteriocin-like inhibitor substances (Bt-BLIS: morricin 269, kurstacin 287, kenyacin 404, entomocin 420, and tolworthcin 524) by Mexican strains of Bacillus thuringiensis. Here we show that, collectively, these Bt-BLIS have a moderate to broad spectrum of antibacterial acti...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00203-008-0414-2
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Under starvation conditions, rhodopsin-containing halobacteria show a light-accelerated death under aerobic conditions. This is attributed to photooxidative processes. Under anaerobic conditions, halobacteria die rapidly in the dark, and light prevents death. Since it has been shown by others that lightdriven ATP synt...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00425136
更新日期:1976-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In view of the functional similarities between subtilisin Carlsberg and the alkaline protease from Conidiobolus coronatus, the biochemical and structural properties of the two enzymes were compared. In spite of their similar biochemical properties, e.g., pH optima, heat stability, molecular mass, pI, esterase activity...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01682989
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies indicated that bioluminescence of the marine bacterium Vibrio harveyi may both stimulate DNA repair and contribute to detoxification of deleterious oxygen derivatives. Therefore, it was also proposed that these reactions can be considered biological roles of bacterial luminescence and might act as evolu...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00203-005-0764-y
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acanthamoeba castellanii is a free-living amoeba found mainly in humid environments and Arcobacter butzleri is an emerging zoonotic pathogen, both can establish in vitro endosymbiotic relationships in the absence of bacterial replication. We analyzed the localization of A. butzleri within A. castellanii establishing t...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00203-019-01699-9
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, it was proposed that some antibiotics stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which contribute to cell death. Later, other research groups have provided arguments against ROS-mediated killing of bacteria by antibiotics. At present, there remain a number of unanswered questions in understan...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00203-016-1247-z
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Yeast suffers from a variety of environmental stresses, such as osmotic pressure and ethanol produced during fermentation. Since calcium ions are protective for high concentrations of ethanol, we investigated whether Ca(2+) flux occurs in response to ethanol stress. We find that exposure of yeast to ethanol induces a ...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00203-010-0673-6
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ADPglucose pyrophosphorylases from Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides and Rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa are activated by fructose-6-phosphate, pyruvate and fructose-1,6 biophosphate-P2. The effects of the activators are to increase significantly the Vmax of ADPglucose synthesis and to lower the S0.5 values (concentration ...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00421887
更新日期:1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cryptococcus adeliensis was initially described as a psycrophilic species containing a single strain CBS 8351(T) isolated from decayed algae in Terre Adelie (Antartida). Later, a second strain of this species was isolated from an immunosuppressed patient affected by leukaemia in Germany and recently several strains fr...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00203-006-0134-4
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, two quorum sensing (QS) system genes, las and rhI; N-3-oxo-dodecanoyl homoserine lactone (AHL; 3-O-C12-HSL); and QS-related virulence factors and correlation between them were assessed in 30 fish origin P. aeruginosa isolates. The detection of two QS system of the isolates, and eight gene regions consis...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00203-020-02159-5
更新日期:2021-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::Geobacter species such as G. bremensis, G. pelophilus, and G. sulfurreducens are obligately anaerobic and grow in anoxic, non-reduced medium by fast reduction of soluble ferric citrate. In contrast, insoluble ferrihydrite was either only slowly or not reduced when supplied as electron acceptor in similar growth experi...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00203-004-0686-0
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Gram-positive bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus is the causal agent of bacterial wilt and ring rot of potato. So far, only two proteins have been shown to be essential for virulence, namely a plasmid-encoded cellulase CelA and a hypersensitive response-inducing protein. We have examined the re...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00203-007-0301-2
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fine structure of the Gram-negative filamentous gliding bacterium, Herpetosiphon is described. The outer membrane of the cell envelope could not be resolved as a separate structure, probably because it is fused with the underlying dense (peptidoglycan) layer. There was an additional wall layer outside this membran...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00428379
更新日期:1975-03-10 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudomonas putida CSV86 utilizes benzyl alcohol via catechol and methylnaphthalenes through detoxification pathway via hydroxymethylnaphthalenes and naphthaldehydes. Based on metabolic studies, benzyl alcohol dehydrogenase (BADH) and benzaldehyde dehydrogenase (BZDH) were hypothesized to be involved in the detoxifica...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00203-011-0697-6
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of Klebsiella oxytoca NRRL-B199 to use either lactose or the mixture of glucose and galactose as substrate for the production of 2,3-butanediol was studied in batch fermentations with different conditions of aeration and pH. 2,3-butanediol was undetected, or present in minute concentration in the fermentat...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00446920
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Citrobacter rodentium (Cr) is a mouse pathogen that mimics many aspects of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infections including producing attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions. Host-adapted (HA) Cr cells that are shed at the peak of infection have been reported to be hyper-infective. The exact mechanism underlying th...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00203-016-1191-y
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of teichoic acids in a number of streptomycetes led to the conclusion that these biopolymers were widely spread in genus Streptomyces. The nature of the teichoic acid present in the mycelium was determined by extracting it with 10% trichloroacetic acid, precipitating it with ethanol and identifying the pr...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00421893
更新日期:1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This is the first report of intranuclear microfilaments within gametangial nuclei of oömycetous fungi. Longitudinal sections of four to six microfilaments were frequently observed in meiotic antheridial nuclei of Achlya ambisexualis. Each microfilament measured approximately 7--10 nm in diameter. Spindle tubules (25 n...
journal_title:Archives of microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00427876
更新日期:1976-02-01 00:00:00