Isolation and structure determination of natural analogues of the mycotoxin ochratoxin A produced by Aspergillus ochraceus.

abstract：:The effects of acute ethanol and acetaldehyde treatment on cell proliferation, cell adhesion capacity, neutral red incorporation into lysosomes, glutathione content, protein sulfhydryl compounds, lipid peroxidation, inner mitochondrial membrane integrity (MTT test), lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH) and ultrastruct...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Olivares IP,Bucio L,Souza V,Cárabez A,Gutiérrez-Ruiz MC

更新日期：1997-06-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Pharmacological evidence has accumulated showing that glucocorticoids and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) facilitate several responses to different drugs of abuse. Recent findings have attributed a prominent role to the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in modulating behavior during the addictive process. The purpose of th...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Navarro-Zaragoza J,Laorden ML,Milanés MV

更新日期：2014-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to test the hypothesis that Leydig cells are required for the acute toxic effect of cadmium on the testis, adult male rats were treated with the Leydig cell toxin ethane dimethanesulphonate (EDS). Four days later, when all Leydig cells are removed from the testis, the EDS treated and control rats were given a...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Bergh AR

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the toxic effect of terephthalic acid (TPA) on testicular functions of rats, male Sprague-Dawley rats were orally administered TPA in diet at the levels 0 (control), 0.2, 1 and 5% for 90 days. Testicular functions were assessed by histopathology, testicular sperm head counts, daily sperm production, spe...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Cui L,Dai G,Xu L,Wang S,Song L,Zhao R,Xiao H,Zhou J,Wang X

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antidepressants are generally used for treatment of various mood and anxiety disorders. Several studies have shown the anti-tumor and cytotoxic activities of some antidepressants, but the underlying mechanisms were unclear. Maprotiline is a tetracyclic antidepressant and possesses a highly selective norepinephrine reu...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Jan CR,Su JA,Teng CC,Sheu ML,Lin PY,Chi MC,Chang CH,Liao WC,Kuo CC,Chou CT

更新日期：2013-02-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The neurotoxic effect on the central and peripheral nervous system of dichlorvos (DDVP) was investigated by a computer system in acute and subchronic experiments in CFY male rats. The administered peroral doses were given by gavage; the acute group was given a single 88 mg/kg dose and the 2 subchronic groups were give...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Dési I,Nagymajtényi L

更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preclinical drug safety assessment includes in vitro studies with physiologically relevant cell cultures. As an in vitro system for hepatic toxicology testing, we have been generating cell clones of human hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2 by lentiviral transduction of phase I cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. Here, we prese...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Steinbrecht S,König R,Schmidtke KU,Herzog N,Scheibner K,Krüger-Genge A,Jung F,Kammerer S,Küpper JH

更新日期：2019-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Stannous chloride (SnCl2) is a reducing chemical agent used in several man-made products. SnCl2 can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, the present study has been carried out to investigate the antioxidant action of l-ascorbic acid (AA) in minimizing SnCl2 toxicity on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enz...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Yousef MI,Awad TI,Elhag FA,Khaled FA

更新日期：2007-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanisms responsible for resistance to Cd-induced testicular necrosis in inbred mice were investigated using strains resistant (A/J) or susceptible (129/J) to Cd-induced testicular damage. Cadmium accumulation was measured in testes of both strains 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after intravenous injec...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Chellman GJ,Shaikh ZA,Baggs RB

更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The regional distribution of metallothionein (MT), zinc and copper was measured in brains of transgenic MT-I overexpressor (MT-I*) mice, MT-I/MT-II gene knockout (MT-I/MT-II null) mice, and in brains of control C57BL/6J mice with normal MT expression. Toxic milk (tx) mutant mice with abnormally high MT and copper accu...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Ono S,Koropatnick DJ,Cherian MG

更新日期：1997-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemical carcinogens are generally classified as genotoxic or non-genotoxic. However, weak genotoxicity at high concentrations is sometimes observed and interpretation is often problematic. In addition, certain rodent carcinogens exert their effects at doses associated with cytotoxicity and compensatory hyperplasia ma...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Beddowes EJ,Faux SP,Chipman JK

更新日期：2003-05-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabonomics involves the application of advanced analytical tools to profile the diverse metabolic complement of a given biofluid or tissue. Subsequent statistical modelling of the complex multivariate spectral profiles enables discrimination between phenotypes of interest and identifies panels of discriminatory meta...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Coen M

更新日期：2010-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Both simultaneous and sequential exposure to heavy metals and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)-ligands potentially occur in human populations, yet there have been relatively few studies of combined effects of heavy metals and AHR-ligands on AHR-regulated genes. To investigate the effects of heavy metals on AHR-regulate...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Korashy HM,El-Kadi AO

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major safety concern in drug development and clinical drug therapy. The pathogenesis of DILI usually involves the participation of the parent drug or metabolites that either directly affect the cell biochemistry or elicit an immune response. However, in most cases the mechanisms a...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Kobayashi M,Higuchi S,Mizuno K,Tsuneyama K,Fukami T,Nakajima M,Yokoi T

更新日期：2010-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The presence of inclusion bodies in renal proximal tubules was studied in rats exposed to lead and/or disulfiram (tetraethylthiuram disulfide). Pregnant rats were treated with only lead acetate (0.25% Pb in the drinking water), only disulfiram (0.1 mmol/kg p.o. twice a week) or with both lead acetate and disulfiram fr...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Oskarsson A,Johansson A

更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Paracetamol, in toxic doses, is associated with extensive liver damage. This represents one of the common causes of morbidity and mortality in drug poisoning cases. This study was undertaken to investigate the possible potentiation of the hepatoprotective action of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) by cimetidine (CMD), an inhibi...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Al-Mustafa ZH,Al-Ali AK,Qaw FS,Abdul-Cader Z

更新日期：1997-09-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Hesperidin (HDN) is a flavanone glycoside abundantly found in citrus fruits. HDN has been reported to possess significant activities against allergy, haemorrhoids, hormonal disorders and ulcers. Other reported activities include anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant and free r...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Kaur G,Tirkey N,Chopra K

更新日期：2006-09-21 00:00:00

abstract：:A 20-year-old man on oral substitution of pancreatic enzymes after hemipancreatectomy injected an enzyme preparation of fungal origin intravenously after dissolving it in water. Within a few hours chills, headache, nausea and vomiting, fever of 40.8 degrees C, and shock occurred. The acute illness might have been caus...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Seitz R,Adler G,Koop I,Koop H,Egbring R

更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Isoniazid is a widely used drug for the treatment of tuberculosis, but hepatotoxicity is a major concern during treatment. Thiopronin contains an SH-group and is generally considered an antioxidant. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of thiopronin during liver injury and DNA damage induced by ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Yue J,Dong G,He C,Chen J,Liu Y,Peng R

更新日期：2009-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Colicins are unusual bacterial toxins because they are directed against close relatives of the producing strain. They kill their targets in one of three distinct ways; via a ribonuclease or deoxyribonuclease activity or by forming pores in the target cell's membrane. This review deals with the steps involved in pore-f...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Lakey JH,van der Goot FG,Pattus F

更新日期：1994-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:p-Dichlorobenzene (p-DCB) is widely used as a moth repellent and a space deodorant. In mice pretreated with DL-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO; 2 mmol/kg or higher doses, i.p.), an inhibitor of glutathione (GSH) synthesis, administration of p-DCB (100-400 mg/kg, p.o.) resulted in dose-dependent hepatotoxicity as judged by...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Mizutani T,Nakahori Y,Yamamoto K

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Osteoblasts dysfunction, induced by aluminum (Al), plays a critical role in the osteoporosis etiology. Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) has the therapeutic properties for osteoporosis. This study aimed to assess the efficiency of Rb1 in ameliorating Al-induced osteoblasts dysfunction. The osteoblasts were divided into four group...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Zhu Y,Hu C,Zheng P,Miao L,Yan X,Li H,Wang Z,Gao B,Li Y

更新日期：2016-08-10 00:00:00

abstract：:A fixed combination of the three components, fructose, cyclosporin A and trifluoperazine (FCAT), was found to protect in the late stage of paracetamol-induced liver cell injury both in vivo and in an in vivo/in vitro system. Rats pre-induced with phenobarbitone were given a paracetamol dose of 1 g/kg i.p. The combinat...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Beales D,McLean AE

更新日期：1996-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Glutathione S-transferases and glutathione play an important role in the detoxification of most toxic agents. In the present study, the protective effects of some antioxidants (L-ascorbic acid (AA), vitamin E (VE) or garlic) on carbon tetrachloride-induced changes in the activity of alanine amino transferase (ALT), as...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Sheweita SA,Abd El-Gabar M,Bastawy M

更新日期：2001-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:N-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)succinimide (NDPS) has proven to be an effective experimental agricultural fungicide. However, NDPS produces marked nephrotoxicity in Sprague-Dawley and Fischer 344 rats. The purpose of this study was to determine the importance of an intact, unsubstituted succinimide ring for acute NDPS-induced ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Yang DJ,Richmond CD,Teets VJ,Brown PI,Rankin GO

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The spectrum of the anti-apoptotic potential of heparin is currently under scrutiny in various tissues and under various pathological situations. In this study, the role of a low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LMWH), certoparin in adriamycin-induced oxidative DNA damage has been evaluated in the cardiac and rena...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Deepa PR,Varalakshmi P

更新日期：2006-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondrial fission, fusion, and mitophagy are interlinked processes that regulate mitochondrial shape, number, and size, as well as metabolic activity and stress response. The fundamental importance of these processes is evident in the fact that mutations in fission (DRP1), fusion (MFN2, OPA1), and mitophagy (PINK1...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Luz AL,Godebo TR,Smith LL,Leuthner TC,Maurer LL,Meyer JN

更新日期：2017-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibition of fungal lanosterol-14 alpha-demethylase (CYP51) is the working principle of the antifungal activity of azoles used in agriculture and medicine. Inhibition of human CYP51 may result in endocrine disruption since follicular fluid-meiosis activating steroid (FF-MAS), the direct product of lanosterol demethyl...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Trösken ER,Adamska M,Arand M,Zarn JA,Patten C,Völkel W,Lutz WK

更新日期：2006-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Fischer 344 rats were exposed to filtered air (controls) or to 0.12, 0.5, or 1.0 ppm of ozone for 6 h/day, 5 days/week, for 20 months. We examined lung collagen deposition and metabolism in tissue from these animals to determine whether chronic exposure of rats to ozone causes pulmonary fibrosis. We observed excess st...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Last JA,Gelzleichter T,Harkema J,Parks WC,Mellick P

更新日期：1993-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced by several fungi which grow on human food source material. Consumption of OTA is almost unavoidable. The consumption leads to low but detectable amounts of OTA in human blood. Risk assessment of OTA is based on studies performed either in animals or cultured cells. So far, ma...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Schwerdt G,Holzinger H,Sauvant C,Königs M,Humpf HU,Gekle M

更新日期：2007-03-22 00:00:00