EUROMAC. A European concerted action: maternal alcohol consumption and its relation to the outcome of pregnancy and child development at 18 months. Results--strategy of analysis and analysis of pregnancy outcome.

abstract：BACKGROUND:The objective of this study is to measure the association between protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) in children and their mothers' mental health, in a low income area in the city of Embú, São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS:A case-control study was performed. Cases were 60 moderately and severely malnourished childr...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： de Miranda CT,Turecki G,Mari Jde J,Andreoli SB,Marcolim MA,Goihman S,Puccini R,Strom BL,Berlin JA

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To obtain age- and gender-specific estimates of the prevalence of dementia in Europe and to study differences in prevalence across countries, we pooled and re-analysed original data of prevalence studies of dementia carried out in some European countries between 1980 and 1990. The study followed these steps: census of...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Hofman A,Rocca WA,Brayne C,Breteler MM,Clarke M,Cooper B,Copeland JR,Dartigues JF,da Silva Droux A,Hagnell O

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The wide use of highly active antiretroviral therapy has led to an impressive improvement in AIDS survival after the mid-1990s in cities and countries with a high access to these medications. Notwithstanding its beneficial overall effect, antiretroviral therapy was also reported as a factor for the increase ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Antunes JL,Waldman EA,Borrell C

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of the major identified risk factors for breast cancer was assessed using data from a hospital-based case-control study conducted in Northern Italy on 1108 women with histologically confirmed breast cancer and 1281 control subjects with a spectrum of acute conditions unrelated to any of the established or pot...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： La Vecchia C,Decarli A,Parazzini F,Gentile A,Negri E,Cecchetti G,Franceschi S

更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Computer stimulations have been used to estimate the efficiency, as measured by the statistical power, of various combinations of design and analysis strategies for case-control studies. Conditions under which the various forms of analysis yield consistent relative risk estimators are derived for the general model. Th...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Howe GR,Choi BC

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Some, but not all, observational studies have suggested that taller stature is associated with a significant increased risk of glioma. In a pooled analysis of observational studies, we investigated the strength and consistency of this association, overall and for major sub-types, and investigated effect modi...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Kitahara CM,Wang SS,Melin BS,Wang Z,Braganza M,Inskip PD,Albanes D,Andersson U,Beane Freeman LE,Buring JE,Carreón T,Feychting M,Gapstur SM,Gaziano JM,Giles GG,Hallmans G,Hankinson SE,Henriksson R,Hsing AW,Johansen C

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The long average incubation time from HIV infection to AIDS makes it difficult to estimate recent HIV transmission from AIDS incidence data. Age-period-cohort (APC) analysis can separate out the effects of age, calendar time and birth cohort to provide a clearer picture of transmission trends. METHODS:AIDS ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Houweling H,Wiessing LG,Hamers FF,Termorshuizen F,Gill ON,Sprenger MJ

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We examined secular changes in resting heart rate (RHR) and their relationship with changes in other cardiovascular risk factors in adult men and women over a 22-year period. METHODS:A single-centre population-based longitudinal study comprised 30,699 men and women aged 30-89 years who participated in at le...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Sharashova E,Wilsgaard T,Brenn T

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In a pilot study for the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) a modification of the Baecke questionnaire on physical activity was tested for repeatability and relative validity in a population of 134 men and women aged 20-70 years. METHODS:For the assessment of repeatability P...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Pols MA,Peeters PH,Bueno-De-Mesquita HB,Ocké MC,Wentink CA,Kemper HC,Collette HJ

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The objective of this retrospective cohort study was to assess the effect of hysterectomy on subsequent risk of cancer among 25,382 hysterectomized and a similar number of non-hysterectomized control women, registered in 1963-1976 in the Mass Screening Registry (MSR). METHODS:Cancer cases were obtained from...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Luoto R,Auvinen A,Pukkala E,Hakama M

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Increasing life expectancy has brought public health concern about the increase in prevalence of disability in old age. Reducing the prevalence of disability in older age requires the identification of preventable or modifiable risk factors earlier in life. We have examined the relationship between lifestyle...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Ebrahim S,Wannamethee SG,Whincup P,Walker M,Shaper AG

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A case-control study of risk factors for child diarrhoeal disease was undertaken in a rural area of Nicaragua. Some 1229 children under the age of five were matched with an equal number of children of the same age presenting with other illnesses unrelated to water and sanitation. The main types of water supply were sa...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Gorter AC,Sandiford P,Smith GD,Pauw JP

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Several studies have been conducted to estimate the population prevalence of hypertension, or its diagnosis and treatment. There is no multinationally comparable information on the prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia, or its diagnosis and treatment, since individual studies are often not directly comparable....

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Tolonen H,Keil U,Ferrario M,Evans A,WHO MONICA Project.

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A case-control study has been performed for occupational risk factors of acute leukaemia, based on 185 cases more than 30 years old and 513 matched controls. There was a significant excess of polyvalent farming and electronic engineers among professions of cases, and, in addition of metal workers when considering the ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Richardson S,Zittoun R,Bastuji-Garin S,Lasserre V,Guihenneuc C,Cadiou M,Viguie F,Laffont-Faust I

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper, a new non-parametric competing-risk model is proposed. This model takes relative susceptibility into account, and is thus free from the usual assumption of independence between competing causes of death. Another feature of the model is the adjustments of survivors and deaths as a results of the eliminat...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Wong O

更新日期：1977-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Few epidemiological investigations of invasive cervical cancer have been conducted in Sub-Saharan African populations. METHODS:Using information collected as part of the hospital-based World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborative Study of Neoplasia and Steroid Contraceptives, we examined potential risk fac...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Williams MA,Kenya PR,Mati JK,Thomas DB

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In July 2004 a strain-specific vaccine was introduced to combat an epidemic of group B meningococcal disease in New Zealand. We estimated the effectiveness of this vaccine in pre-school-aged children. METHODS:We conducted a cohort analysis of all children in New Zealand who were aged 6 months to <5 years at...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Galloway Y,Stehr-Green P,McNicholas A,O'Hallahan J

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The study examines whether self-rated health forms a continuum from poor through average to good health in terms of two groups of health-related variables. METHODS:The data come from the 1994 Finnish Survey on Living Conditions, a representative sample of Finnish men and women aged 25 years or older (n = 72...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Manderbacka K,Lahelma E,Martikainen P

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Child mortality rates have been declining in most developing countries. We studied child and maternal mortality risk factors for child mortality in Beira city in July 1993, after a decade of conflict in Mozambique. METHODS:A community-based cluster sample survey of 4609 women of childbearing age was conduct...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Cutts FT,Dos Santos C,Novoa A,David P,Macassa G,Soares AC

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interest has recently emerged about the increasing trend of pancreatic cancer mortality in Taiwan, particularly in the elderly. The mortality data of pancreatic cancer over the period 1971-1986 for males and females aged 40-84 in Taiwan were analysed using a log-linear Poisson model to examine the effects of age, cale...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Lee WC,Lin RS

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Many European countries have in recent decades reported growing socioeconomic differentials in mortality. While these trends have usually paralleled high unemployment and increasing income disparities, Sweden had low unemployment and narrowing income differences. This study describes trends, 1961-1990, in to...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Diderichsen F,Hallqvist J

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B and C, viral infections with shared percutaneous, mucosal and perinatal routes of transmission, are responsible for serious morbidity and mortality globally. In Bangladesh there is a dearth of research on prevalence and risk factors for these diseases. This ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Gibney L,Saquib N,Metzger J,Choudhury P,Siddiqui M,Hassan M

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Animal models suggest that compounds containing a nitrosyl group (N-nitroso compounds (NNO)) can act as potent transplacental carcinogens. Many common drug formulations have the potential to undergo nitrosation in vivo. The association between maternal use of nitrosatable drugs during pregnancy and developme...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Carozza SE,Olshan AF,Faustman EM,Gula MJ,Kolonel LN,Austin DF,West ED,Weiss NS,Swanson GM,Lyon JL

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:It is widely believed that children of high socioeconomic status (SES) are more likely than those of low SES to develop acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Such observations have led to wide-ranging speculations about the potential aetiological role of factors associated with affluence and modernization. M...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Smith A,Roman E,Simpson J,Ansell P,Fear NT,Eden T

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Perinatal characteristics are associated with subsequent risk of several chronic diseases. Previous studies regarding endometriosis were based on small samples and retrospective data and were limited by unmeasured confounding bias, leading to conflicting and inconclusive findings. We investigated the associa...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Gao M,Scott K,Koupil I

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:At the request of the COMAC EPID committee of the Commission of the European Communities the author visited all the countries of the EEC except Luxembourg in 1983-84 in order to prepare a report on 'Upgrading in epidemiology'. The report was presented at a meeting organized by COMAC EPID in April 1984 and subsequently...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Pemberton J

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent developments in statistics have produced powerful methods that facilitate the analysis of longitudinal studies. These methods are illustrated by an analysis of a longitudinal study of blood pressure in children. The results of the study show a clear tendency for blood pressure to increase with age, and Asian ch...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Darby SC,Fearn T

更新日期：1979-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Epigenetic programming and epigenetic mechanisms driven by environmental factors are thought to play an important role in human health and ageing. Global DNA methylation has been postulated as an epigenetic marker for epidemiological studies as it is reflective of changes in gene expression linked to disease...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： McGuinness D,McGlynn LM,Johnson PC,MacIntyre A,Batty GD,Burns H,Cavanagh J,Deans KA,Ford I,McConnachie A,McGinty A,McLean JS,Millar K,Packard CJ,Sattar NA,Tannahill C,Velupillai YN,Shiels PG

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Increasing physical activity (PA) and reducing sedentary behaviour (SB) have been associated with healthy ageing, but their effects when adjusted for reverse causation and selection bias remain unclear. METHODS:A deficits accumulation (DA) index based on the number and severity of 51 health deficits (0-100%...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： García-Esquinas E,Ortolá R,Martínez-Gómez D,Damián J,Prina M,Rodríguez-Artalejo F,Pastor-Barriuso R

更新日期：2020-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Perception of control over one's environment, particularly when faced with an ambiguous situation, has been identified as a critical cognitive process involved in worry and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Similarly, it is thought that individuals with lower cognitive skills feel less in control, and do n...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Martin LT,Kubzansky LD,LeWinn KZ,Lipsitt LP,Satz P,Buka SL

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00