Use of an observational cohort study to estimate the effectiveness of the New Zealand group B meningococcal vaccine in children aged under 5 years.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:In July 2004 a strain-specific vaccine was introduced to combat an epidemic of group B meningococcal disease in New Zealand. We estimated the effectiveness of this vaccine in pre-school-aged children. METHODS:We conducted a cohort analysis of all children in New Zealand who were aged 6 months to <5 years at the time the vaccine became available for that age group in their area. We defined cases as children who were diagnosed with laboratory-confirmed epidemic strain meningococcal disease. We calculated person-days-at-risk using data from the National Immunization Register and population estimates from Statistics New Zealand. We estimated vaccine effectiveness as 1--relative risk. RESULTS:Compared with unvaccinated children, fully vaccinated children were five to six times less likely to contract epidemic strain meningococcal disease in the 24 months after they became eligible to receive a full vaccination series, corresponding to an estimated vaccine effectiveness of 80.0% (95% confidence interval: 52.5-91.6) for children aged 6 months to <5 years and 84.8% (95% confidence interval: 59.4-94.3) for children aged 6 months to <3 years. CONCLUSIONS:With over 3 million doses administered to individuals aged under 20 years throughout New Zealand, combined evidence from the Phase I and II clinical trials, the descriptive epidemiology of meningococcal disease, and this study provide evidence supporting the effectiveness of this vaccine in the 2 years following vaccination.

journal_name

Int J Epidemiol

authors

Galloway Y,Stehr-Green P,McNicholas A,O'Hallahan J

doi

10.1093/ije/dyn228

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2009-04-01 00:00:00

pages

413-8

issue

2

eissn

0300-5771

issn

1464-3685

pii

dyn228

journal_volume

38

pub_type

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