Abstract：
:Eukaryotic gene expression can be viewed within a conceptual framework in which regulatory mechanisms are integrated at three hierarchical levels. The first is the sequence level, i.e. the linear organization of transcription units and regulatory sequences. Here, developmentally co-regulated genes seem to be organized in clusters in the genome, which constitute individual functional units. The second is the chromatin level, which allows switching between different functional states. Switching between a state that suppresses transcription and one that is permissive for gene activity probably occurs at the level of the gene cluster, involving changes in chromatin structure that are controlled by the interplay between histone modification, DNA methylation, and a variety of repressive and activating mechanisms. This regulatory level is combined with control mechanisms that switch individual genes in the cluster on and off, depending on the properties of the promoter. The third level is the nuclear level, which includes the dynamic 3D spatial organization of the genome inside the cell nucleus. The nucleus is structurally and functionally compartmentalized and epigenetic regulation of gene expression may involve repositioning of loci in the nucleus through changes in large-scale chromatin structure.
journal_name
J Cell Scijournal_title
Journal of cell scienceauthors
van Driel R,Fransz PF,Verschure PJdoi
10.1242/jcs.00779keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-10-15 00:00:00pages
4067-75issue
Pt 20eissn
0021-9533issn
1477-9137pii
116/20/4067journal_volume
116pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Transcription factor E2F plays an important role in coordinating and integrating early cell cycle progression with the transcription apparatus. It is known that physiological E2F arises when a member of two families of proteins, E2F and DP, interact as E2F/DP heterodimers and that transcriptional activity is regulated...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
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abstract：:Protrusion formation is the first step that precedes cell movement of motile cells. Spatial control of actin polymerization is necessary to achieve directional protrusion during cell migration. Here we show that the spatial coordinators p190RhoGEF and p190RhoGAP regulate actin polymerization during leading edge protru...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The constant shedding and renewal of epithelial cells maintain the protection of epithelial barriers. Interference with the processes of host cell-cycle regulation and barrier integrity permits the bacterial pathogen Neisseria gonorrhoeae to effectively colonize and invade epithelial cells. Here, we show that a gonoco...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
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更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.100511
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
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doi：
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
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doi：
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
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doi：
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
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doi：
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
