Abstract：
:1. The effects of cold saline (25 mL) injected over the fetal skin on fetal heart rate (HR) and HR variability (HRV), measured as the coefficient of variation (CV) in pulse interval (PI) and by power spectral analysis (PSA), were measured in 10 chronically catheterized fetal sheep aged 140-144 days. To determine the extent to which effects on HR and HRV were mediated by the sympathoadrenal neuroendocrine axis and the cardiac vagus, experiments were performed before and after beta-adrenoreceptor blockade with propranolol (n = 12 fetuses) or before and after cardiac vagal blockade with atropine (n = 4 fetuses). 2. Injection of ice-cold saline over the skin caused an immediate rise in mean arterial pressure (MAP) from 46+/-1 to 55+/-1 mmHg (P < 0.001) and HR from 156+/-2 to 182+/-2 b.p.m. (P < 0.001). Heart rate variability, measured as CV of PI, rose from 3.5+/-0.2 to 8.0+/-0.2% (P < 0.001) and total power spectral density (PSD) increased from 78+/-6 to 278+/-16 units (P < 0.001) as measured by PSA. Within 100s, MAP, HR and HRV had returned to baseline. 3. Beta-adrenoreceptor blockade abolished all these changes in HR, HRV and PSD, but had no effect on changes in MAP. Atropine had no demonstrable effect on the responses to cold. 4. Therefore, the increase in fetal MAP, HR and HRV that occurred with stimulation of peripheral thermoreceptors was the result of increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system. Alterations in efferent cardiac vagal tone were not involved in the cardiac response to cold.
journal_name
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physioljournal_title
Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiologyauthors
Yu ZY,Lumbers ERdoi
10.1046/j.1440-1681.2000.03305.xkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-08-01 00:00:00pages
607-11issue
8eissn
0305-1870issn
1440-1681journal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Microglia are the resident immune cells within the brain and retina, commonly known as the macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS). Microglia survey the surrounding milieu to eliminate invading microbes, clear cellular debris and enforce programmed cell death by removing apoptotic cells. Complementary to their...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/1440-1681.12099
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. To investigate whether the difference in the SA gene expression in the kidneys is causally related to the pathogenesis of hypertension, we reassessed the expression of the SA gene in the kidneys of the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), its stroke-prone substrain (SHRSP) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rat from different...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1997.tb01777.x
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Responses of splenic diameter measured by sonomicrometry to alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor stimulants were estimated together with simultaneously measured systemic arterial and splenic venous concentrations of red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC) and platelets (PLT) in anaesthetized dogs. 2. Intravenous and...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1681.2002.03598.x
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. A rapid imaging technique with temporal resolution of about 1 ms was employed to describe cell-length changes during the isotonic contraction cycle of adult rat ventricular myocytes at 22 degrees C. 2. Parameters of cell contraction and relaxation were defined and values obtained under control conditions and after ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1989.tb01542.x
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The aims of the present study were to investigate the pharmacological effects of quercetin on wild-type (WT) and mutant (I502A) human (h) Kv1.5 channel currents (I(kur)) and to identify whether mutation in the S6 segment is critical to activation of I(kur) by quercetin. 2. Experiments were performed on WT and site-...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2008.05061.x
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Serial observations of blood pressure after unilateral adrenalectomy for aldosterone-producing adenoma revealed an incidence of hypotension (systolic BP less than fifth percentile for age- and sex-matched normal population) of 27% at 2 years, more than 5 times that predicted. 2. Serial observations of volume regula...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1989.tb01558.x
更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of pancuronium in the rabbit ear artery was investigated in order to measure the inhibition it produces at the prejunctional muscarinic receptor on sympathetic nerve endings in this tissue. Pancuronium (0.1-0.2 mmol/l) produced an enhancement of responses to transmural electrical stimulation but this effect...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1983.tb00850.x
更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Sulfur dioxide (SO(2) ) has recently been found to have various biological effects on the cardiovascular system. The present study was designed to explore the effects of SO(2) derivatives on the L-type calcium current (I (Ca, L) ) in isolated rat ventricular cardiomyocytes. 2. A Langendorf system was used to dissoc...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2011.05528.x
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. When six female seropositive rheumatoid patients were given placebo therapy for 48 h, their plasma kininogen level, 9.2 +/- 0.7 microgram bradykinin equivalents (bk eq) per ml, was found to be 59% greater than that of a group of eight healthy female volunteers (5.8 +/- 0.5 microgram/ml). 2. When the rheumatoid pati...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1980.tb00082.x
更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Chromium picolinate (CrPic) has been recommended as an alternative therapeutic regimen for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the molecular mechanism underlying the action of CrPic is poorly understood. 2. Using normal and insulin-resistant 3T3-L1 adipocytes, we examined the effects of CrPic on the gene tran...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2009.05164.x
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. In the present study, we investigated aqueous extracts of Anoectochilus formosanus (AFE) for antihyperglycaemic and anti-oxidant effects in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ). 2. Diabetic rats were randomly divided into groups and treated orally by gavage with vehicle (distilled water) or AFE (1 and 2 g/...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1681.2002.03717.x
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prostaglandin (PG) efflux into ureteral (UE) and venous effluents (VE) of rabbit isolated perfused kidneys was determined by superfusion bioassay and radioimmunoassay (RIA), in response to injections of arginine-vasopressin (AVP), the non-pressor vasopressin analogue 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (dDAVP) and arac...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1986.tb00942.x
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effects on the coronary and systemic haemodynamics of intravenous and intracoronary injections of two benzfuran derivatives, amiodarone and its brominated analogue (L8040), were studied in open-chest anaesthetized dogs. The effects of L8040 on cardiac intracellular potentials after 6 weeks of 20 mg/kg intraperi...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1976.tb00620.x
更新日期：1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. We tested the effects of intravenous infusions of angiotensin II (AngII; 300 ng/kg per min) and the vasopressin V1 receptor agonist [Phe2,Ile3,Orn8]-vasopressin (30 ng/kg per min) on regional kidney perfusion in an extracorporeal circuit model in anaesthetized rabbits in which renal artery pressure (RAP) can be set...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1681.2000.03377.x
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Adenosine A(1) receptors (A(1)R) play an important role in cardioprotection against hypoxic damage and the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores (MPTP) is central to the regulation of cell apoptosis and necrosis. However, it is still unclear whether A(1)R open MPTP in hypoxic cardiomyocytes. 2. The...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2009.05300.x
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidemiological studies indicate that poor growth before birth is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy and an increased risk of death from heart disease later in life. In fetal life, the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has been implicated in physiological growth of the heart, whereas in postnatal life ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2012.05743.x
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Skeletal muscle oxidative function and metabolic gene expression are co-ordinately downregulated in metabolic diseases such as insulin resistance, obesity and Type 2 diabetes. Altering skeletal muscle metabolic gene expression to favour enhanced energy expenditure is considered a potential therapy to combat these d...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2009.05311.x
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Two patients with angiotensin-responsive aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and one with adrenal cortical carcinoma demonstrated autonomous secretion of cortisol as well as of aldosterone. 2. The response of cortisol and of aldosterone to ACTH did not differentiate between the two APA which secreted cortisol and t...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1990.tb01300.x
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The inhibitory effect of morphine on intestine was observed by following the intestinal transit of a charcoal meal. This inhibitory effect of morphine was antagonized by naloxone. In addition, the inhibitory effect of morphine was also suppressed by prior administration of yohimbine and phentolamine. However, prazosin...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1984.tb00873.x
更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The development of microneurography, in which an insulated tungsten microelectrode is inserted into an accessible peripheral or cranial nerve in awake human subjects, has allowed detailed analyses of the signalling capacities of single mechanoreceptive afferents from the skin, muscles and joints. For example, we kn...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2005.04143.x
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Chronic electrical stimulation of the carotid sinuses has provided unique insight into the mechanisms that cause sustained reductions in blood pressure during chronic suppression of central sympathetic outflow. 2. Because renal denervation does not abolish the sustained fall in arterial pressure in response to baro...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2009.05291.x
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is colocalized with catecholamines in central regions involved in blood pressure regulation and exerts depressor responses in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). Ageing is accompanied by a decline in baroreflex function and a reduction in NPY concentrations in some brain areas. The present st...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1997.tb01801.x
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The possibility that the anticonvulsant activity of the benzodiazepines, diazepam and clobazam, is related to changes in EEG parameters, particularly beta activity, was investigated in amygdaloid kindled rats. 2. The effects of diazepam (1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 mumols/kg), administered intraperitoneally (i.p.), clobazam ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1988.tb01015.x
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between normal serum concentrations of thyrotropin (TSH) and urinary incontinence (IU), urinary infections, and quality of life in old women. Euthyroid post-menopausal women without sarcopenia, estrogen replacement, emotional illness, and/or cancer were enrolled ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1440-1681.12788
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. In the present study, the effects of the administration of adenosine on absence seizures were investigated in the Wistar Albino Glaxo/Rijswijk (WAG/Rij) strain of rats, which are an adequate model for human absence epilepsy. 2. After baseline electroencephalogram (EEG) recording, adenosine was injected intraperiton...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1681.2001.03499.x
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The beta-receptor stimulant effects of Sm220Cl, dl-N-(1,1-dimethyl-3-phenylpropyl)-2-hydroxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)ethylamine, and (-)-isoprenaline have been compared in isolated atrial (beta1) and tracheal (beta2) preparations from guinea-pigs and cats. 2. The compounds were also tested for their ability t...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1977.tb02672.x
更新日期：1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Poor perfusion of the kidneys and gut, and associated functional impairment, are major problems in the first days of life in very preterm infants. These complications can be associated with a substantial mortality and further problems such as reduced kidney growth and chronic renal problems in later childhood. 2. T...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2006.04364.x
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:KISS1 and KISS1R, a novel pair of metastasis suppressors, are likely to be associated with the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, a meta-analysis was performed to study the role of KISS1 and KISS1R in CRC. Heterogeneity, stability and publication bias were all estimated. Six publications describing a total of...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1111/1440-1681.13093
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Rats fed high dietary fructose are documented to form an acquired model of insulin resistance. The present study measured the effects of administration of L-carnitine (CA) on lens protein glycation, oxidative stress and redox homeostasis in rats fed a high-fructose diet. 2. Animals were divided into four groups: (i...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2007.04815.x
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. This study investigated the effect of progesterone, which, under certain circumstances, can antagonize both the mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid activities of steroid hormones, on the development and maintenance of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)-induced hypertension in conscious sheep. 2. Progesterone (500...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1989.tb01618.x
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
