Brain and retinal microglia in health and disease: an unrecognized target of the renin-angiotensin system.

abstract：:1. We tested the hypothesis that the pattern and the intensity of autonomic mechanisms causing vasoconstriction in the resting bronchial circulation of awake dogs also exists in awake sheep. It was also postulated that sighing behaviour and the associated bronchovascular dilatation induced by non-adrenergic, non-choli...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： McIlveen S,White S,Parsons G

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Ambulatory monitoring provides a unique opportunity for studying the temporal relationships between lifestyle factors and blood pressure (BP). These include physical activity, mental activity, environmental stressors, substances ingested for pleasure such as smoking, alcohol and caffeine, and nutrition. 2. Changes ...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Pickering TG,Schwartz JE,James GD

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of endothelium in mediating the response to acetylcholine in the thoracic aorta and coronary vessels of rats exposed to cigarette smoking. Total serum cholesterol was measured at the beginning and end of the experiment. 2. The relaxation response to acetylcholine was s...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Jorge PA,Ozaki MR,Almeida EA

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The aim of the present study was to assess the bioequivalence of two cefadroxil products, namely Ultracef (a reference product) in the form of a 500 mg capsule (produced by Bristol-Myers Squibb Laboratories, Princeton, NJ, USA) and Roxil (a test product) in the form of a 500 mg capsule (produced by Tabuk Pharmaceut...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Otoom S,Hasan M,Najib N

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Schizophrenia is a chronic, disabling brain disease that affects approximately 1% of the world's population. It is characterized by delusions, hallucinations and formal thought disorder, together with a decline in socio-occupational functioning. While the causes for schizophrenia remain unknown, evidence from famil...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Mowry BJ,Nancarrow DJ

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. In the present study we have examined the effects of angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition and nitric oxide (NO) synthesis inhibition on bradykinin (BK) depressor responses in pregnancy in both Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). 2. Ramipril (10 mg/kg, i.v.) significantly reduce...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Chu ZM,Beilin LJ

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. There is mounting evidence that a wide range of antidepressants share the common feature of increasing hippocampal neurogenesis. The specificity of this association has suggested that an ability to increase neurogenesis might be a useful paradigm to screen for compounds with antidepressant activity. 2. The hope of ...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Nandam LS,Jhaveri D,Bartlett P

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Anoxic perfusion of the isolated rat heart releases noradrenaline in the absence of sympathetic nerve fibre stimulation. 2. Anoxic noradrenaline release is enhanced by reducing the extracellular Na+ concentration, consistent with the proposal that such release occurs by carrier-mediated efflux. 3. Release is also e...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Dart AM,Riemersma RA

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Based on 28 reported patients, constant features of the syndrome of hypertension and hyperkalaemia are hyperkalaemia, hyperchloraemia, normal renal glomerular function and, in all adult patients, hypertension. Inconstant features include short stature, intellectual impairment and muscle weakness. Levels of renin and a...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Gordon RD

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Insulin-liposomes of four different lipid combinations were given intragastrically to normal rats on twenty occasions and to diabetic rats on 164 occasions. 2. Normal rats showed no hypoglycaemic response to either sonicated or unsonicated liposomes. 3. Diabetic rats failed to respond to sonicated liposomes but six...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Shenfield GM,Hill JC

更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies in rats have shown that neomycin administration attenuates certain types of adrenocortical steroid dependent hypertension, including ACTH hypertension. The effects of oral neomycin on ACTH induced hypertension were examined in conscious sheep. Neomycin has no effect on the blood pressure or metabolic responses...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Tresham J,Coghlan JP,Denton DA,Scoggins BA,Whitworth JA

更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Posture changes may differ between types of hypertensive disease. The aim is to evaluate the orthostatic response of impedance cardiography (ICG) measurements in uncomplicated and hypertensive pregnancies. Measurements were performed in supine and standing position in 202 women: 41 uncomplicated pregnancies (UP), 59 g...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Staelens AS,Vonck S,Mesens T,Tomsin K,Molenberghs G,Gyselaers W

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preterm birth (PTB) is the single largest cause of death in infants and young children. The rate of PTB is significantly higher in male infants, particularly those that are born very preterm. Here we present evidence to suggest that the decidual renin-angiotensin system may play a role in inhibiting inflammation and m...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Pringle KG,Zakar T,Lumbers ER

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent endocrine disorder worldwide. Citrulline is an α-amino acid, which is abundant in watermelon, and a precursor of arginine and nitric oxide. Decreased bioavailability of nitric oxide is associated with insulin resistance. The present systematic review focused on the existing ev...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Azizi S,Mahdavi R,Vaghef-Mehrabany E,Maleki V,Karamzad N,Ebrahimi-Mameghani M

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Neurotensin is released from the intestine into the portal circulation and to exert a systemic effect it must traverse the liver intact. 2. The role of the liver in neurotensin clearance was examined using the isolated perfused rat liver preparation. Two concentrations of neurotensin were used to determine the extr...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Brook CW,Shulkes A,Sewell RB,Smallwood RA

更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The aim of the present study was to produce a mathematical model that describes the way dynamic changes in renal sympathetic nerve activity affect renal, cortical and medullary blood flow. 2. Cortical blood flow (CBF) and medullary blood flow (MBF) were measured using laser-Doppler flowmetry and (total) renal blood...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Navakatikyan MA,Leonard BL,Evans RG,Malpas SC

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in the control of glomerular haemodynamics and is synthesized from the amino acid L-arginine by a family of enzymes, NO synthase (NOS). 2. Nitric oxide synthase is present in the endothelium and also in the macula densa, a plaque of specialized tubular epithelial cells. End...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Ito S,Carretero OA,Abe K

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Pretreatment with intravenous WEB-2086 (0.5 mg/kg; an antagonist of the actions of platelet activating factor; PAF) with or without indomethacin (2 mg/kg) failed to prevent or modify the fall in blood pressure following unclipping of the renal artery of anaesthetized two-kidney, one-clip hypertensive rats. 2. The s...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Smith AJ,Gerkens JF,Dosen P

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper attempts to provide a short review of the evidence for: 1. Increased platelet production of thromboxane A2 and reduced vascular production of prostacyclin in the human and also animal models of diabetes. 2. Reduced depressor responsiveness to arachidonic acid of anaesthetized alloxan- and streptozotocin-ind...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Hodgson WC,Sikorski BW,King RG

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerases (PPIases) are a conserved group of enzymes that catalyse the conversion between cis and trans conformations of proline imidic peptide bonds. These enzymes play critical roles in regulatory mechanisms of cellular function and pathophysiology of disease. There are three different cla...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Rostam MA,Piva TJ,Rezaei HB,Kamato D,Little PJ,Zheng W,Osman N

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The present study was carried out to determine whether rilmenidine, a recently introduced antihypertensive agent which acts on alpha 2-adrenoceptors, has partial agonist activity on prejunctional alpha 2-adrenoceptors in guinea-pig atria. 2. Isolated preparations of guinea-pig atria were incubated with [3H]-noradre...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Li CG,Rand MJ

更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. To investigate the effect of an exercise training programme on antihypertensive drug requirements, 19 sedentary subjects (14 men and five women) with mild essential hypertension (systolic blood pressure greater than 140 mmHg but less than 180 mmHg), aged 29-55 years, were randomly assigned to 16 weeks of moderate i...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Allen DH,Puddey IB,Morton AR,Beilin LJ

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Dexamethasone (Dex)-induced hypertension is characterized by endothelial dysfunction associated with nitric oxide (NO) deficiency and increased superoxide (O2-) production. Atorvastatin (Ato) possesses pleiotropic properties that have been reported to improve endothelial function through increased availability of N...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Mondo CK,Yang WS,Zhang N,Huang TG

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. In the present study, we used a low dose of propofol (5 mg/kg per h) to investigate its effects on the pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-10) and changes in nitric oxide (NO) following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for a period of 12 h in conscious rats. 2. Expe...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Hsu BG,Yang FL,Lee RP,Peng TC,Chen HI

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The role of the arterial and cardiac baroreceptors on the arginine vasopressin (AVP) and plasma renin activity (PRA) responses to haemorrhage was studied in conscious rabbits. They were bled at a rate of approximately 3% of their blood volume (BV)/min, both when the autonomic nervous system (ANS) was intact and dur...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Courneya CA,Korner PI,Oliver JR,Woods RL

更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The recognition of the role of insulin resistance in disease states and the recent development of new drugs that modify insulin-dependent metabolism has led to increased use of the euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp to measure in vivo insulin sensitivity, but several key aspects of the technique are poorly documen...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Morris AD,Ueda S,Petrie JR,Connell JM,Elliott HL,Donnelly R

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Irinotecan (also known as CPT-11) is a water soluble, semi-synthetic analogue of 20(S)camptothecin (CPT) with promising activity against a range of tumour types. 2. As with all other active analogues of CPT, irinotecan causes cell toxicity by stabilizing a ternary complex between the nuclear enzyme topoisomerase I ...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Rivory LP

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Mechanical stretch leads to cardiac hypertrophy and may ultimately cause heart failure. However, the effect of mechanical stretch on gene induction in cardiomyocytes remains to be determined. 2. In the present study, we compared transcript profiles of mechanically stretched neonatal rat cardiomyocytes with those of...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Cheng TH,Chen JJ,Shih NL,Lin JW,Liu JC,Chen YL,Chen CH,Chen JJ

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The use of the isolated lung strip and single open tracheal ring for studying Schultz Dale anaphylactic contractions in both the peripheral and central airways is described. 2. This method is particularly relevant to studies of anaphylaxis because many preparations may be obtained from a single sensitized animal. 3...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Lulich KM,Papadimitriou JM,Paterson JW

更新日期：1979-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cannabinoid inverse agonists possess antidepressant-like properties, but the mechanism of this action is unknown. Numerous studies have reported the interaction between opioid and cannabinoid pathways. In this study, acute foot-shock stress was used in mice to investigate the involvement of the opioid pathway in the a...

journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

authors： Ostadhadi S,Haj-Mirzaian A,Nikoui V,Kordjazy N,Dehpour AR

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00