Abstract：
:Rac1 is a small Rho family GTPase that regulates changes in cell morphology associated with cell spreading and migration. Integrin-mediated adhesion is known to activate Rac1 and to regulate the interaction of Rac1 with downstream effectors. Currently, it is not clear how integrins signal Rac1 activation following cell adhesion. Integrin beta cytoplasmic domains (beta-tails) are known to be required for integrin-mediated cell spreading, and isolated beta tails expressed as tac-beta tail chimeras can inhibit cell spreading indicating that protein interactions with beta tails can regulate this process. Our recent studies demonstrated that the expression of constitutively activated Rac1 can restore cell spreading inhibited by tac beta tail chimeras, suggesting a role for Rac1 in the regulation of cell spreading by beta tails. Hence, we examined the role of beta tails in integrin activation of Rac1. By using recombinant wild-type and mutant integrin heterodimers, we demonstrate that integrin beta tails are required for adhesion to increase Rac1-GTP loading. We demonstrate that clustering tac-beta tail chimeras, on the surface of cells in suspension, activates Rac1. Thus, beta tails are not only required, but also sufficient for integrin-triggered Rac1 activation. Our findings indicate that integrin beta-tails are an important link between integrin engagement and Rac1 signaling, and that protein interactions initiated at beta tails are sufficient for integrins to regulate Rac1 activity.
journal_name
J Cell Scijournal_title
Journal of cell scienceauthors
Berrier AL,Martinez R,Bokoch GM,LaFlamme SEdoi
10.1242/jcs.00109keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-11-15 00:00:00pages
4285-91issue
Pt 22eissn
0021-9533issn
1477-9137journal_volume
115pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Integrin alpha1beta1 is a collagen receptor predominantly found in mesenchymal tissues. Mice lacking this receptor are viable. We have previously suggested that alpha1beta1 might participate in the down-regulation of collagen gene expression observed in cells suspended inside collagen gels. The results presented here ...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The process of angiogenesis requires endothelial cells (ECs) to undergo profound changes in shape and polarity. Although this must involve remodelling of the EC cytoskeleton, little is known about this process or the proteins that control it. We used a co-culture assay of angiogenesis to examine the cytoskeleton of EC...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.091066
更新日期：2012-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Recruitment of secretory vesicles to the cell surface is essential for the sustained secretion of insulin in response to glucose. At present, the molecular motors involved in this movement, and the mechanisms whereby they may be regulated, are undefined. To investigate the role of kinesin family members, we labelled d...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.00083
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rac1 and Rac3 are highly homologous regulatory proteins that belong to the small GTPases of the Rho family. Previously, we showed that Rac3 induces cell rounding and prevents neuronal differentiation, in contrast to its close relative Rac1, which stimulates cell spreading and neuritogenesis. To explain these opposing ...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.039958
更新日期：2009-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Neutrophil leucocytes circulate in plasma, which contains broad-spectrum antiproteases such as alpha-2-macroglobulin and alpha-1-antitrypsin, and move into environments in which antiproteases are present. Plasma antiproteases significantly reduce the adhesiveness of leucocytes in both static and dynamic adhesion assay...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Besides regulating glucose levels, insulin has been reported to participate actively in many other functions, including modulating inflammatory reactions. In this study we investigated how topical insulin application would affect the diabetic wound healing process. We found that the excessive expression of insulin-deg...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.235838
更新日期：2020-10-12 00:00:00
abstract：:The lipid phosphate phosphatase-related proteins (LPPRs), also known as plasticity-related genes (PRGs), are classified as a new brain-enriched subclass of the lipid phosphate phosphatase (LPP) superfamily. They induce membrane protrusions, neurite outgrowth or dendritic spine formation in cell lines and primary neuro...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.169789
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Triton X-100-treated sperms were injected into non-nucleate egg fragments of Xenopus laevis to determine whether the structure of the injected sperm nucleus is affected by the cyclic activity of the cytoplasm. Swollen vesicular nuclei were very frequently observed when the sperms were injected and incubated during the...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A universal feature of mitosis is that all chromosomes become aligned at the spindle equator--the halfway point between the two spindle poles--prior to anaphase onset. This migratory event is called congression, and is powered by centromere-bound protein machines called kinetochores. This Commentary aims to document r...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1242/jcs.169367
更新日期：2015-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:HC11 is a normal mouse mammary epithelial cell line that requires certain growth factors, such as EGF or bFGF, to respond optimally to lactogenic hormones and produce the differentiation marker beta-casein. Growth in insulin (Ins) or PDGF does not produce cells competent to respond to lactogenic hormones. Here we show...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using epitope mapping we have demonstrated that a high molecular weight protein (Mr approximately 115 x 10(3)) present in brain and spinal cord is a member of the tau family of microtubule-associated proteins. Antibodies directed against the amino-terminal, middle and carboxyl-terminal portions of tau recognize this p...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High endothelial cells lining the post capillary venules in the paracortical areas of rat lymph nodes were found by autoradiography to incorporate [35S]sulphate, whether it was injected into the footpad to reach the draining popliteal lymph node or added to short-term cultures of cervical lymph node slices. The early ...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fas ligand (FasL), a potent mediator of apoptosis expressed by CTL and NK cells, is sorted into the inner vesicles of secretory lysosomes for release via exosome-like vesicles. Previous studies identified a proline-rich domain in the cytoplasmic tail required for sorting FasL to secretory lysosomes, but the mechanisms...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.03315
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin is the endothelium-specific member of the cadherin family of homotypic cell adhesion molecules. VE-cadherin, but not the cell adhesion molecule platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM-1), markedly colocalizes with actin stress fibers at cell-cell junctions between human um...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracellular pH has been measured by laser microspectrofluorimetry, using the pH-sensitive dyes SNARF-1, SNARF-calcein and SNARF-1-dextran. By this technique it was possible to accurately determine pH in volumes as small as 0.5 x 0.5 x 1 microns 3. The probes were loaded into the cells either by diffusion of their ac...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When green cells of Euglena gracilis, strain Z, were light-grown for several months on a solid medium containing an excess of sodium acetate (1.0% instead of the normal 0.1%), some 30% of the cells were colourless. The 'acetate-bleached' organisms, isolated by plating methods and subsequently incubated in the light in...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Arp2/3 complex is important for morphogenesis in various developmental systems, but specific in vivo roles for this complex in cells that move during morphogenesis are not well understood. We have examined cellular roles for Arp2/3 in the Caenorhabditis elegans embryo. In C. elegans, the first morphogenetic moveme...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.057562
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Skeletal and heart muscle-specific variant of the α subunit of nascent polypeptide associated complex (skNAC; encoded by NACA) is exclusively found in striated muscle cells. Its function, however, is largely unknown. Previous reports have demonstrated that skNAC binds to m-Bop/Smyd1, a multi-functional protein that re...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.150334
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated the intracellular distribution of insoluble fibronectin in HeLa tumour cells. By indirect immunofluorescence microscopy fibronectin was detected in the nuclear region, but not in the region of the cell surface. Isolated nuclei and isolated nuclear matrices also stained for fibronectin. By quantita...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Electron-microscope autoradiography has been used to obtain information on the localization of DNA labelled with [3H]thymidine in chloroplasts known to be replicating and concomitantly synthesizing and segregating DNA, in cultured leaf disks. The studies were made using both Microdol-X developer and a 'compact' develo...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Normal human foreskin keratinocytes (HFKs) and transformed HFKs (FEPE1L-8 cells) generated by the introduction of cloned human papillomavirus type 16 sequences were compared for the expression and function of a family of adhesion receptors termed integrins. Initially, cells were examined in conventional monolayer cult...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Centrioles organise centrosomes and cilia, and these organelles have an important role in many cell processes. In flies, the centriole protein Ana1 is required for the assembly of functional centrosomes and cilia. It has recently been shown that Cep135 (also known as Bld10) initially recruits Ana1 to newly formed cent...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.186460
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pharmacological inhibitors of JNK (SP600125) and p38 (PD169316) sensitize tumor cells to Fas-mediated apoptosis. PD169316 is less potent than SP600125 and diminishes its effect when present together. Because the p38 isoforms that promote (p38alpha) or inhibit (p38beta) apoptosis are both suppressed by PD169316, we inv...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.01573
更新日期：2004-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Presenilins were first identified as causative factors in early onset, familial Alzheimer's Disease (FAD). They are predicted to encode a highly conserved novel family of eight transmembrane domain proteins with a large hydrophilic loop between TM6 and TM7 that is the site of numerous FAD mutations. Here, we show that...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cell wall of 24-h zygotes of Fucus serratus is composed of 3 layers--an inner fibrillar layer (sulphated fucan), an outer fibrillar layer (alginic aicd/cellulose) and an exterior amorphous layer (sulphated fucan, alginic acid). The 2 layers containing sulphated fucan are preferentially thickened at the rhizoid pol...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1978-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The lepidopteran-specific P1 delta-endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki HD-1 was activated in vitro using insect gut proteases and found to be highly specific for the lepidopteran cell line Choristoneura fumiferana CF1 among a wide range of lepidopteran and dipteran cell lines tested. The toxicity of P1 a...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanism by which glutamate regulates the cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c) in spontaneously firing dopamine neurons is not clear. Thus we have investigated the glutamate-mediated [Ca2+]c dynamics in the acutely isolated dopamine neurons from the rat substantia nigra pars compacta by measuring [Ca2+]c a...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.00481
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prions are proteins that access self-templating amyloid forms, which confer phenotypic changes that can spread from individual to individual within or between species. These infectious phenotypes can be beneficial, as with yeast prions, or deleterious, as with mammalian prions that transmit spongiform encephalopathies...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.051672
更新日期：2010-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Previously we have shown that the Saccharomyces cerevisiae CCZ1 (YBR131w) gene encodes a protein involved in protein trafficking. Deletion of this gene leads to fragmentation of the vacuole typical of the class B vps mutants. Genetic and biochemical data indicated that Ccz1p is required for fusion of various transport...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mammalian melanocytes can produce two basic types of melanin, eumelanin and pheomelanin, within discrete organelles termed melanosomes. The physiological signals that regulate this switch are extrinsic to the melanocyte, and include alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone and the agouti protein. Tyrosinase, encoded at th...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
