Abstract：
:Cells of the monocyte/macrophage system originate from the bone marrow, reach the organs via the blood, immigrate through postcapillary venules and further differentiate into organ-specific tissue macrophages. In rats and other species, activated monocytes/macrophages aggravate autoimmune reactions, rejection of non-vascularized allografts and chronic allograft rejection. It is very likely that they also contribute to acute allograft destruction. So far it has been impossible to distinguish the function of monocytes from that of macrophages, because cell phenotypes and their alterations upon activation are ill-defined. We have thus begun to characterize the ex vivo phenotype and function of rat monocytes in the normal state and during renal allograft rejection. Monocytes are recovered from both the central and the marginal blood pool by perfusing either the recipient's circulation or the allograft vasculature. Rat monocytes have a unique surface phenotype. During allograft rejection or after infusion of interferon-gamma they up-regulate class II MHC molecules, CD161 (NKR-P1A), CD62L and CD8, while CD4 and CD43 are down-modulated. Activated perfusate monocytes exert increased in vitro cytotoxicity against tumour targets, which differs from that of NK cells. We speculate that activated monocytes contribute to kidney allograft destruction by directly damaging endothelial cells or by promoting intravascular coagulation.
journal_name
Immunol Revjournal_title
Immunological reviewsauthors
Steiniger B,Stehling O,Scriba A,Grau Vdoi
10.1034/j.1600-065x.2001.1840104.xkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-12-01 00:00:00pages
38-44eissn
0105-2896issn
1600-065Xjournal_volume
184pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The recurrence in the V-gene repertoire of individual germline VH genes can now be extended from the restricted B-cell populations of the fetus, autoantibodies and B-cell malignancies to the expressed V-gene repertoire of normal adults. Why the human B cell preferentially utilizes these individual VH genes remains spe...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065x.1992.tb00834.x
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:BCL6 is a transcriptional repressor required in mature B cells during the germinal center (GC) reaction. Multiple mechanisms act coordinately to timely modulate BCL6 expression at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. BCL6 prevents premature activation and differentiation of GC B cells and provides an envir...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065X.2012.01112.x
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:T cells (derived from peripheral blood lymphocytes [PBL], lymph nodes or tumor tissues and restimulated with autologous tumor cells and expanded in interleukin-2 [IL-2]), when cloned, produce three functional classes of clone. Class I T-cell clones exhibit the phenotype of alpha/beta cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD3+, CD8...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065x.1990.tb00803.x
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peptides derived from parasites are presented to T helper cells by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II alpha beta heterodimeric cell-surface molecules. In mice and humans, the genes encoding these antigen-presenting molecules are known to be polymorphic and polygenic. Multiple loci for MHC class II A and B...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065x.1998.tb01270.x
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peptide/protein display libraries are powerful tools for identifying and manipulating receptor/ligand pairs. While the large size of bacterial phage display libraries has made them the platform of choice in many applications, often considerable engineering has been required to achieve display of properly folded and ac...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.0105-2896.2006.00365.x
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Viruses have often been associated with autoimmune diseases. One mechanism by which self-destruction can be triggered is molecular mimicry. Many examples of cross-reactive immune responses between pathogens and self-antigens have been described. This review presents two transgenic models of autoimmune disease induced ...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065x.1996.tb00913.x
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recombinant immunotoxins (RITs) are chimeric proteins designed to treat cancer. They are made up of an Fv or Fab that targets an antigen on a cancer cell fused to a 38-kDa portion of Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE38). Because PE38 is a bacterial protein, it is highly immunogenic in patients with solid tumors that have nor...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/imr.12390
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Basal, activation, and arrest signaling in T cells determines survival, coordinates responses to pathogens, and, when dysregulated, leads to loss of self-tolerance and autoimmunity. At the T-cell surface, transmembrane glycoproteins interact with galectins via their N-glycans, forming a molecular lattice that regulate...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065X.2009.00796.x
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The immature and transitional immature B-cell stages define an important window in B-cell development, as it is at this point that cells committed to the B-cell lineage first express the clonotypic B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) and cells expressing self-reactive specificities may be identified and eliminated. The intr...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1034/j.1600-065x.2000.00609.x
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multiple myeloma (MM) is a tumor of long-lived bone marrow plasma cells (PCs). Nearly 40% of MM tumors have immunoglobulin H (IgH) translocations involving four recurrent chromosomal loci (oncogenes): 11q13 (cyclin D1), 6p21 (cyclin D3), 4p16 (MMSET and FGFR3), and 16q23 (c-maf). Other MM tumors have Ig translocations...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1034/j.1600-065x.2003.00052.x
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell transplantation and tissue regeneration studies indicate a surprisingly broad developmental potential for lineage-committed hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Under these conditions HSCs transition into myocytes, neurons, hepatocytes or other types of nonhematopoietic effector cells. Equally impressive is the progr...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1034/j.1600-065x.2002.18703.x
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mammalian Dok protein family has seven members (Dok-1-Dok-7). The Dok proteins share structural similarities characterized by the NH2-terminal pleckstrin homology and phosphotyrosine-binding domains followed by SH2 target motifs in the COOH-terminal moiety, indicating an adapter function. Indeed, Dok-1 was origina...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065X.2009.00844.x
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cellular communications between a human CD4+ clone and autologous CD4+ clones induced with the first clone are described. The autoreactive clones proliferated after stimulation with the inducer clone, but not after stimulation with autologous clones expressing irrelevant specificities. The inducer clone markedly l...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065x.1990.tb00804.x
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Natural killer cells employ a diverse arsenal of effector mechanisms to target intracellular pathogens. Differentiation of natural killer (NK) cell activation pathways occurs along a continuum from reliance on innate pro-inflammatory cytokines and stress-induced host ligands through to interaction with signals derived...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/imr.12798
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The processes of T-cell development and activation employ similar immature and mature receptors as well as similar signal transduction pathways to achieve different outcomes. Many signaling molecules are shared between the receptor signaling pathways, including two families of cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinases, the...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065x.1998.tb01238.x
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:T cells are key players of the mammalian adaptive immune system. They experience different mechanical microenvironments during their life cycle, from the thymus, secondary lymph organs, and peripheral tissues that are free of externally applied force, but display variable substrate rigidities to the blood and lymphati...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/imr.12122
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important cause of respiratory disease causing high rates of hospitalizations in infants, significant morbidity in children and adults, and excess mortality in the elderly. Major barriers to vaccine development include early age of RSV infection, capacity of RSV to evade innate ...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065X.2010.00972.x
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) molecules drive the development, activation and homeostasis of CD4* T-helper cells. They play a central role in key processes of the adaptive immune system, such as the generation of T-cell-mediated immune responses, the regulation of antibody production and the develo...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1034/j.1600-065x.2000.17813.x
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are a recently identified group of innate lymphocytes that are preferentially located at barrier surfaces. Barrier surfaces are in direct contact with complex microbial ecosystems, collectively referred to as the microbiota. It is now believed that the interplay of the microbiota with host ...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/imr.12580
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Five of the 10 human Toll-like receptors (TLRs) (TLR3, TLR4, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9), and four of the 12 mouse TLRs (TLR3, TLR4, TLR7, TLR9) can trigger interferon (IFN)-alpha, IFN-beta, and IFN-lambda, which are critical for antiviral immunity. Moreover, TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9 differ from TLR4 in two particularly i...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065X.2007.00564.x
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:αβ T cells are an integral part of protective immunity against pathogens. After precursor cells arise in the adult bone marrow or fetal liver, they migrate to the thymus where they rearrange their T-cell receptor genes (TCR) and undergo selection on the basis of their interactions with ligands expressed by thymic stro...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/imr.12095
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is clear by now that cell-to-cell interactions involving a variety of signals are required for effective immune response. The data reviewed here suggest that CD40-CD40L interactions are critical for development of CD4 T-cell-dependent effector functions. Lack of this important interaction results in greatly reduced...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065x.1996.tb00921.x
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Probabilistic modeling is fundamental to the statistical analysis of complex data. In addition to forming a coherent description of the data-generating process, probabilistic models enable parameter inference about given datasets. This procedure is well developed in the Bayesian perspective, in which one infers probab...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/imr.12664
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nutritional status has been indicated as a contributing factor to age-related dysregulation of the immune response. Vitamin E, a lipid-soluble antioxidant vitamin, is important for normal function of the immune cells. The elderly are at a greater risk for vitamin E intake that is lower than recommended levels. Vitamin...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.0105-2896.2005.00274.x
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In adult mice, the number of B lymphocytes remains constant under homeostatic control, in spite of the fact that B cells are produced continuously in numbers that largely exceed the number required to replenish the peripheral pools. It follows that each newly formed lymphocyte can only persist if another lymphocyte di...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.0105-2896.2004.0095.x
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been used for more than 50 years to combat hematologic malignancies. In addition to being the first stem cell therapy, transplantation has provided evidence for the potent anti-tumor effects of T cells. Facilitating T-cell-based immunity against malignancies requires a caref...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/imr.12142
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the past two decades, structural biology has shown how T-cell receptors engage peptide/major histocompatibility complex (MHC) complexes and provided insight into the mechanisms underlying antigen specificity and cross-reactivity. Here we review and contextualize our contributions, which have emphasized the influe...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065X.2012.01165.x
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experiments designed to identify all HLA class I genes led to the cloning of the HLA-G gene (Geraghty et al. 1987). Very low levels of HLA-G mRNA expression have been demonstrated in the eye, thymus, peripheral blood lymphocytes and in keratinocytes (Shukla et al. 1990, Ishitani & Geraghty 1992, Kirszenbaum et al. 199...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065x.1995.tb00087.x
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Superantigens (SAGs) are a class of disease-causing and immunostimulatory proteins of bacterial or viral origin that activate T cells by binding to the V beta domain of the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR). The three-dimensional structure of the complex between a TCR beta chain (mouse V beta 8.2-J beta 2.1-C beta 1) and ...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065x.1998.tb01196.x
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With increasing evidence that complement activation significantly contributes to the pathogenesis of a large number of inflammatory diseases, strategies that interfere with its deleterious action have become a major focus in pharmacological research. Endogenous soluble complement inhibitors (C1 inhibitor, recombinant ...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1034/j.1600-065x.2001.1800116.x
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
