Abstract：
BACKGROUND:the extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important determinant of plaque instability. Since tissue transglutaminase (tTG) and elafin act as stabilizing factors, they might play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome. We examined their expression in human coronary arteries and the regulation of tTG expression in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS AND RESULTS:immunohistochemical studies on autopsy samples of human coronary arteries revealed the expression of tTG and elafin in the endothelium, medial SMCs, and the ECM in non-atherosclerotic coronary arteries. Their expression in SMCs, endothelium, and ECM was enhanced in atherosclerotic coronary arteries. In contrast, they were hardly detectable in accumulating macrophages or at the lipid core. Double staining demonstrated that elafin was co-localized with tTG. Moreover, some tTG-expressing cells were positive for TNF-alpha, suggesting that this cytokine might play an important role in the regulation of tTG. Treatment of cultured rat aortic SMCs with TNF-alpha increased their tTG mRNA, protein expression and enzyme activity. CONCLUSIONS:the expression of tTG and elafin increased in atherosclerotic coronary arteries. The investigation with cultured SMCs suggested that TNF-alpha might mediate the upregulation of tTG. Our findings may provide new insights into the mechanism of plaque instability and the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome.
journal_name
Atherosclerosisjournal_title
Atherosclerosisauthors
Sumi Y,Inoue N,Azumi H,Seno T,Okuda M,Hirata K,Kawashima S,Hayashi Y,Itoh H,Yokoyama Mdoi
10.1016/s0021-9150(01)00542-1keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-01-01 00:00:00pages
31-9issue
1eissn
0021-9150issn
1879-1484pii
S0021-9150(01)00542-1journal_volume
160pub_type
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