Evolutionary dynamics of the human endogenous retrovirus family HERV-K inferred from full-length proviral genomes.

abstract：:The metabolic cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae consists of alternating oxidative (respiration) and reductive (glycolysis) energy-yielding reactions. The intracellular concentrations of amino acid precursors generated by these reactions oscillate accordingly, attaining maximal concentration during the middle of their ...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： de Bivort BL,Perlstein EO,Kunes S,Schreiber SL

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We characterized the organization of mitochondrial genes from a diverse range of hymenopterans. Of the 21 taxa characterized, 12 had distinct, derived organizations. Some rearrangements were consistent with the duplication-random loss mechanism, while others were not. Local inversions were relatively common, i.e., rea...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Dowton M,Castro LR,Campbell SL,Bargon SD,Austin AD

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A major goal of evolutionary biology is to understand how beneficial mutations translate into increased fitness. Here, we study beneficial mutations that arise in experimental populations of yeast evolved in glucose-rich media. We find that fitness increases are caused by enhanced maximum growth rate (R) that come at ...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Sezmis AL,Malerba ME,Marshall DJ,McDonald MJ

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heterokonts are evolutionarily important as the most nutritionally diverse eukaryote supergroup and the most species-rich branch of the eukaryotic kingdom Chromista. Ancestrally photosynthetic/phagotrophic algae (mixotrophs), they include several ecologically important purely heterotrophic lineages, all grossly unders...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Cavalier-Smith T,Chao EE

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drosophilidae is a large, widely distributed family of Diptera including 61 genera, of which Drosophila is the most representative. Drosophila feeding is part of the saprophytic trophic chain, because of its dependence upon decomposing organic matter. Many species have adapted to fermenting fruit feeding or to artific...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Atrian S,Sánchez-Pulido L,Gonzàlez-Duarte R,Valencia A

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alu elements are not distributed homogeneously throughout the human genome: old elements are preferentially found in the GC-rich parts of the genome, while young Alus are more often found in the GC-poor parts of the genome. The process giving rise to this differential distribution remains poorly understood. Here we in...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Belle EM,Webster MT,Eyre-Walker A

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parsimony is commonly used to infer the direction of substitution and mutation. However, it is known that parsimony is biased when the base composition of the DNA sequence is skewed. Here I quantify this effect for several simple cases. The analysis demonstrates that parsimony can be misleading even when levels of seq...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Eyre-Walker A

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We propose a genealogy-sampling algorithm, Sequential Markov Ancestral Recombination Tree (SMARTree), that provides an approach to estimation from SNP haplotype data of the patterns of coancestry across a genome segment among a set of homologous chromosomes. To enable analysis across longer segments of genome, the seq...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Zheng C,Kuhner MK,Thompson EA

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several algae that were previously classified in the phylum Xanthophyta (yellow-green algae) were assigned in 1971 to a new phylum, Eustigmatophyta. It was anticipated that the number of algae reclassified to Eustigmatophyta would increase. However, due to the fact that the morphological characteristics that segregate...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Ehara M,Hayashi-Ishimaru Y,Inagaki Y,Ohama T

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have revealed a major difference in the phylogenetic structure, extent of genetic diversity, and selection pressure between the surface glycoproteins and internal gene segments of avian influenza viruses (AIV) sampled from wild birds. However, what evolutionary processes are responsible for these stri...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Chen R,Holmes EC

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibody binding site are formed by six hypervariable regions or complementarity determining regions (CDRs). The CDRs, three from the heavy chain and three from the light chain, are known as hypervariable segments and provide a surface complementary to that of the epitope. In recent work it was found that the amino ac...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Vargas-Madrazo E,Lara-Ochoa F,Jiménez-Montaño M

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The entire mitochondrial DNA control region (mtDNA D-loop) was sequenced in the seven extant species of Alectoris partridges. The D-loop length is very conserved (1155 +/- 2 nucleotides), and substitution rates are lower than for the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of the same species, on average. Comparative analyses...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Randi E,Lucchini V

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Variation in structure among primate hemoglobins is associated with variation in function. This supports the hypothesis that most substitutions observed among homologous proteins in different species have been fixed by natural selection because they contribute to the fitness of the genotype. It does not support the co...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Sullivan B

更新日期：1972-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Artesian groundwaters of high radionuclide concentration are ubiquitous and may have provided the large, sustained energy sources that were required to drive the multistage process of DNA and primordial cell evolution. The rapid, early development of the genetic code as well as its degeneracy can be attributed to exce...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Martell EA

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolution of viral genomes has recently attracted considerable attention. We compare the sequences of two large viral genomes, EsV-1 and FirrV-1, belonging to the family of phaeoviruses which infect different species of marine brown algae. Although their genomes differ substantially in size, these viruses share si...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Delaroque N,Boland W,Müller DG,Knippers R

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One crucial event during evolution to multicellularity was the development of either direct cell-cell contact or indirect interaction via extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules. The identification of those polypeptides provides conclusive data on the phylogenetic relationship of metazoan phyla and helps us to understand...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Schütze J,Skorokhod A,Müller IM,Müller WE

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxygen-free aqueous solutions of NH4CN (0.1 M, pH9) were exposed to gamma rays from a 60Co source, the mixture of nonvolatile products was fractionated, and the fractions were analyzed. The procedures were chosen to make effective investigations of radiolytic products, and to minimize the contributions of chemical cha...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Draganić ZD,Niketić V,Jovanović S,Draganić IG

更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examines the diverse maximum wavelength absorption (lambdamax) found in crayfishes (Decapoda: Cambaridae and Parastacidae) and the associated genetic variation in their opsin locus. We measured the wavelength absorption in the photoreceptors of six species that inhabit environments of different light intens...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Crandall KA,Cronin TW

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sequence data from regions of five vertebrate vitellogenin genes were used to examine the frequency, distribution, and mutability of the dinucleotide CpG, the preferred modification site for eukaryotic DNA methyltransferases. The observed level of the CpG dinucleotide in all five genes was markedly lower than that exp...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Cooper DN,Gerber-Huber S,Nardelli D,Schubiger JL,Wahli W

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper we present an iterative character weighting method for the construction of phyletic trees. An initial tree is used to calculate the character weights, which are the number of mutations normalized so that the possible range is corrected for. The weights obtained are used to adjust the tree; this process i...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： van Ooyen A,Hogeweg P

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phylogenetic hypotheses of muscle actin evolution are significantly different when a sea urchin is used as a representative echinoderm than when a sea star is used. While sea urchin muscle actins support an echinoderm-chordate sister relationship, sea star sequences suggest that echinoderm muscle actins are convergent...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： White ME,Crother BI

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The human S100 gene family encodes the EF-hand superfamily of calcium-binding proteins, with at least 14 family members clustered relatively closely together on chromosome 1q21. We have analyzed the most recently available genomic sequence of the human S100 gene cluster for evidence of tandem gene duplications during ...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Kulski JK,Lim CP,Dunn DS,Bellgard M

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The RpoS sigma factor in proteobacteria regulates genes in stationary phase and in response to stress. Although of conserved function, the RpoS regulon may have different gene composition across species due to high genomic diversity and to known environmental conditions that select for RpoS mutants. In this study, the...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Chiang SM,Schellhorn HE

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transfer RNA (tRNA) is the central intellectual property in the evolution of life on Earth. tRNA evolved from repeats and inverted repeats of known sequence. The anticodon and the T stem-loop-stems are homologs with significant conserved sequence identity. A number of models have been advanced to explain tRNA evolutio...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Burton ZF

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amino acid substitution models represent substitution rates among amino acids during the evolution. The models play an important role in analyzing protein sequences, especially inferring phylogenies. The rapid evolution of flaviviruses is expanding the threat in public health. A number of models have been estimated fo...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Le TK,Vinh LS

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Examination of the mitochondrial small subunit ribosomal RNA (rns) gene of five species of the fungal genus Leptographium revealed that the gene has been invaded at least once at position 952 by a group II intron encoding a LAGLIDADG homing endonuclease gene. Phylogenetic analyses of the intron and homing endonuclease...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Mullineux ST,Willows K,Hausner G

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pituitary prolactin, like growth hormone (GH) and several other protein hormones, shows an episodic pattern of molecular evolution in which sustained bursts of rapid change contrast with long periods of slow evolution. A period of rapid change occurred in the evolution of prolactin in primates, leading to marked seque...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Wallis OC,Mac-Kwashie AO,Makri G,Wallis M

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Here we analyze the molecular evolution of the beta-esterase gene cluster in the Drosophila genus using the recently released genome sequences of 12 Drosophila species. Molecular evolution in this small cluster is noteworthy because it contains contrasting examples of the types and stages of loss of gene function. Spe...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Robin C,Bardsley LM,Coppin C,Oakeshott JG

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We present phylogenetic evidence that a group I intron in an angiosperm mitochondrial gene arose recently by horizontal transfer from a fungal donor species. A 1,716-bp fragment of the mitochondrial coxI gene from the angiosperm Peperomia polybotrya was amplified via the polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. Compar...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Vaughn JC,Mason MT,Sper-Whitis GL,Kuhlman P,Palmer JD

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fish protamines are highly specialized molecules which are responsible for chromatin condensation during the last stages of spermatogenesis (spermiogenesis). However, not all fish contain protamines in their sperm nuclei; rather, there seems to be a random distribution of protamines within this group. The origin of th...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Saperas N,Ausio J,Lloris D,Chiva M

更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00