FLAVI: An Amino Acid Substitution Model for Flaviviruses.

abstract：:The pentose phosphate cycle is considered as a major source of NADPH and pentose needed for nucleic acid biosynthesis. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), an enzyme participating in this cycle, catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of 6PGD to ribulose 5-phosphate with the subsequent release of CO2 and the reduc...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Goulielmos GN,Eliopoulos E,Loukas M,Tsakas S

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The frequencies of ATG triplets in the genomes of various species were systematically analyzed, and the frequency of ATG triplets was significantly low around start codons in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes. In eukaryotes, however, the frequency decrease before the start codon is much more evident than that af...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Saito R,Tomita M

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We provide here evidence for a conserved regulatory element for transcription of the β-family globin genes based on a comparative study of 32 genes from 16 mammals. The element is characterized by the appearance of AA or TT dinucleotides in the A + T-rich region located 200-400 bp upstream of the cap sites. G-tracts 3...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Kiyama R,Wada-Kiyama Y

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synonymous codon usage in yeast appears to be influenced by natural selection on gene expression, as well as regional variation in compositional bias. Because of the large number of potential targets of selection (i.e., most of the codons in the genome) and presumed small selection coefficients, codon usage is an exce...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Kliman RM,Irving N,Santiago M

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A systematic way of inferring evolutionary relatedness of microbial organisms from the oligopeptide content, i.e., frequency of amino acid K-strings in their complete proteomes, is proposed. The new method circumvents the ambiguity of choosing the genes for phylogenetic reconstruction and avoids the necessity of align...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Qi J,Wang B,Hao BI

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We characterized the organization of mitochondrial genes from a diverse range of hymenopterans. Of the 21 taxa characterized, 12 had distinct, derived organizations. Some rearrangements were consistent with the duplication-random loss mechanism, while others were not. Local inversions were relatively common, i.e., rea...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Dowton M,Castro LR,Campbell SL,Bargon SD,Austin AD

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypothetical Products from Noncoding Frames (i.e., HyPNoFs) are hypothetical, not-coded proteins, translated from alternate reading frames (i.e., coding + 1 and coding + 2) of cDNAs. HyPNoFs of CD4, PKC, oncostatin, bcl-2 proto-oncogene, tumor suppressor p53, cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR), and tumor n...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Facchiano A

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An exhaustive computer-assisted analysis of the Moloney murine leukemia virus nucleotide sequence shows numerous deviations in the oligomeric distribution, suggesting three overlapping levels of a stepwise duplicative evolution. (1) The sequence fits the universal rule of TG/CT excess which has been proposed as the co...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Laprevotte I

更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sequence comparisons of 14 distinct MHC class I cDNA clones isolated from species representing the three major taxonomic lineages of Felidae (domestic cat lineage, ocelot lineage, and pantherine lineage) revealed that feline MHC class I alleles have highly mosaic structures with short polymorphic sequence motifs that ...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Yuhki N,O'Brien SJ

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A few years ago we presented a stationary Markov model of gene evolution according to which only homologous genes from not too divergent species obeying the condition of being stationary may behave as reliable molecular clocks. A compartmentalized model of the nuclear genome in which the genes are distributed in compa...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Saccone C,Pesole G,Preparata G

更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many eubacteria contain an ATP-dependent protease complex, which is built by multiple copies of the HslV and HslU proteins and is therefore called HslVU. HslU proteins are AAA + ATPases, while HslV proteins are proteases that show highly significant similarity to beta subunits of proteasomes. Therefore, the HslVU comp...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Ruiz-González MX,Marín I

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glaucocystophyte algae (sensu Kies, Berl. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 92, 1979) contain plastids (cyanelles) that retain the peptidoglycan wall of the putative cyano-bacterial endosymbiont; this and other ultrastructural characters (e.g., unstacked thylakoids, phycobilisomes) have suggested that cyanelles are "primitive" plast...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Helmchen TA,Bhattacharya D,Melkonian M

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus have made great contributions to earth's photosynthetic biomass. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) protein systems have been characterized to play important roles in various physiological functions, including carbon fixation, phosphate assimilation, and vitamin B(12) metabolism. In this stud...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Bu L,Xiao J,Lu L,Xu G,Li J,Zhao F,Li X,Wu J

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Annotated, complete DNA sequences are available for 213 mitochondrial genomes from 132 species. These provide an extensive sample of evolutionary adjustment of codon usage and meaning spanning the history of this organelle. Because most known coding changes are mitochondrial, such data bear on the general mechanism of...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Knight RD,Landweber LF,Yarus M

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Explicit evaluation of the accuracy and power of maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods for detecting site-specific positive Darwinian selection presents a challenge because selective consequences of single amino acid changes are generally unknown. We exploited extensive molecular and functional characterization of a...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Cavatorta JR,Savage AE,Yeam I,Gray SM,Jahn MM

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The early evolution of life is a period with many important events with a lot of big and open questions. One of them is the evolution of metabolic pathways, which means the origin and assembly of enzymes that act together. The retrograde hypothesis was the first attempt to explain the origin and evolutionary history o...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Becerra A

更新日期：2021-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Seven new Italian and two new British HTLV-II isolates were obtained from injecting drug users and the entire long terminal repeat (LTR) region was sequenced. Restriction analysis showed that all the Italian isolates are of the IIb subtype, whereas the British isolates are of the IIa subtype. To understand whether the...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Salemi M,Vandamme AM,Gradozzi C,Van Laethem K,Cattaneo E,Taylor G,Casoli C,Goubau P,Desmyter J,Bertazzoni U

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The beta-globin gene cluster of Wistar rat was extensively cloned and the embryonic genes were mapped and sequenced. Four overlapping lambda Dash recombinant clones cover about 31 kb and contain four nonadult beta-globin genes, 5'-epsilon1-gamma1-gamma2-psigamma3-3'. The epsilon1 and gamma2 are active genes, since the...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Satoh H,Inokuchi N,Nagae Y,Okazaki T

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DEAD-box proteins are found in all domains of life and participate in almost all cellular processes that involve RNA. The presence of DEAD and Helicase_C conserved domains distinguish these proteins. DEAD-box proteins exhibit RNA-dependent ATPase activity in vitro, and several also show RNA helicase activity. In this ...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： López-Ramírez V,Alcaraz LD,Moreno-Hagelsieb G,Olmedo-Álvarez G

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Processes exhibiting diversity and selection would have been necessary to promote chemical evolution on early Earth. In this work, a model process was developed using non-kinetic selection to synthesize and isolate small molecule imidazolium catalysts. These catalysts were purified by affinity chromatography and recyc...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Clairmont RM,Bommarius AS,Weber AL

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drosophilidae is a large, widely distributed family of Diptera including 61 genera, of which Drosophila is the most representative. Drosophila feeding is part of the saprophytic trophic chain, because of its dependence upon decomposing organic matter. Many species have adapted to fermenting fruit feeding or to artific...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Atrian S,Sánchez-Pulido L,Gonzàlez-Duarte R,Valencia A

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insertions and deletions of entire codons have recently been discovered as a mechanism by which B cells, in addition to conventional base substitution, evolve the antibodies produced by their immunoglobulin genes. These events frequently seem to involve repetitive sequence motifs in the antibody-encoding genes, and it...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Lantto J,Ohlin M

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The best reconstructions of the history of life will use both molecular time estimates and fossil data. Errors in molecular rate estimation typically are unaccounted for and no attempts have been made to quantify this uncertainty comprehensively. Here, focus is primarily on fossil calibration error because this error ...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： van Tuinen M,Hadly EA

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protamine P1 genes have been sequenced by PCR amplification and direct DNA sequencing from 9 primates representing 5 major families, Cebidae (new world monkeys), Cercopithecidae (old world monkeys), Hylobatidae (gibbons), Pongidae (gorilla, orangutan, and chimpanzee), and Hominidae (human). In this recently diverged g...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Retief JD,Winkfein RJ,Dixon GH,Adroer R,Queralt R,Ballabriga J,Oliva R

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Short interspersed DNA elements (SINEs) amplify by retroposition either by (i) successive waves of amplification from one or a few evolving master genes or by (ii) the generation of new master genes that coexist with their progenitors. Individual, highly conserved, elements of the B1 SINE family were identified from t...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Kass DH,Raynor ME,Williams TM

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The helix-turn-helix domain-containing family of transcriptional regulators is of ancient origin and has been incorporated into numerous disparate biological processes. As a consequence, the forces shaping its early evolution have been difficult to reconstruct. Herein, we analyze this large and diverse family with a c...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Rosinski JA,Atchley WR

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The codon assignment of the quasi-universal genetic code can be assumed to have resulted from the evolutionary pressures that prevailed when the code was still evolving. Here, we review studies of the structure of the genetic code based on optimization models. We also review studies that, from the structure of the cod...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Jestin JL,Kempf A

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The core histone genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are arranged as duplicate nonallelic sets of specifically paired genes. The identity of structural organization between the duplicated gene pairs would have its simplest evolutionary origin in the duplication of a complete locus in a single event. In such a case, the ...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Smith MM

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The transposable element mariner occurs widely in the melanogaster species group of Drosophila. However, in drosophilids outside of the melanogaster species group, sequences showing strong DNA hybridization with mariner are found only in the genus Zaprionus. The mariner sequence obtained from Zaprionus tuberculatus is...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Maruyama K,Hartl DL

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have used three reference sequences representative of bacterial drug resistance pumps and sugar transport proteins to collect the 91 most closely related sequences from a composite, nonredundant protein sequence database. Having eliminated certain very close relatives, the remainder were subjected to analysis and a...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Parish JH,Bentley J

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00