Abstract：
:The pentose phosphate cycle is considered as a major source of NADPH and pentose needed for nucleic acid biosynthesis. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), an enzyme participating in this cycle, catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of 6PGD to ribulose 5-phosphate with the subsequent release of CO2 and the reduction of NADP. We have determined the amino acid sequence of 6PGD of Bactrocera oleae and constructed a three-dimensional model based on the homologous known sheep structure. In a comparative study of 6PGD sequences from numerous species, all the conserved and variable regions of the enzyme were analyzed and the regions of functional importance were localized, in an attempt promoted also by the direct involvement of the enzyme in various human diseases. Thus, analysis of amino acid variability of 37 6PGD sequences revealed that all regions important for the catalytic activity, such as those forming the substrate and coenzyme binding sites, are highly conserved in all species examined. Moreover, several amino acid residues responsible for substrate and coenzyme specificity were also found to be identical in all species examined. The higher percentage of protein divergence is observed at two regions that accumulate mutations, located at the distant parts of the two domains of the enzyme with respect to their interface. These peripheral regions of non-functional importance are highly variable and are predicted as antigenic, thus reflecting possible regions for antibody recognition. Furthermore, locating the differences between diptera 6PGD sequences on the three-dimensional model suggests probable positions of different amino acid residues appearing at B. oleae fast, intermediate, and slow allozymic variants.
journal_name
J Mol Evoljournal_title
Journal of molecular evolutionauthors
Goulielmos GN,Eliopoulos E,Loukas M,Tsakas Sdoi
10.1007/s00239-004-2630-ykeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-09-01 00:00:00pages
358-71issue
3eissn
0022-2844issn
1432-1432journal_volume
59pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Phospholipid vesicles (liposomes) were subjected to dehydration-hydration cycles in the presence of 6-carboxyfluorescein or salmon sperm DNA. We found that the vesicles fused into multilamellar structures during dehydration with solutes trapped between the lamellae. Upon rehydration the lamellae swelled and formed lar...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01733047
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Copia is a retrotransposon that appears to be distributed widely among the Drosophilidae subfamily. Evolutionary analyses of regulatory regions have indicated that the Copia retrotransposon evolved through both positive and purifying selection, and that horizontal transfer (HT) could also explain its patchy distributi...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-011-9435-6
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The nearly neutral theory attributes most nucleotide substitution and polymorphism to genetic drift acting on weakly selected mutants, and assumes that the selection coefficients for these mutants are drawn from a continuous distribution. This means that parameter estimation can require numerical integration, and this...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-008-9146-9
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe the complete mitochondrial genome of the house centipede Scutigera coleoptrata. Its gene order is unique among characterized arthropod mitochondrial genomes. Comparison to the gene order in the horseshoe crab mtDNA implies 10 or more translocations. By extending comparisons to 30 arthropod mitochondrial ge...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-003-2563-x
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four cloned unique sequences from the human Y chromosome, two of which are found only on the Y chromosome and two of which are on both the X and Y chromosomes, were hybridized to restriction enzyme-treated DNA samples of a male and a female chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), gorilla (Gorilla gorilla), and pig-tailed macaqu...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02603114
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sequences of the adenylate kinase gene (adk) and the RecA gene (recA) were determined from the same isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis, N. lactamica, N. polysaccharea, N. cinerea, N. mucosa, N. pharyngis var. flava, N. flavescens, and N. animalis. The patterns of sequence divergence observed at adk...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02202111
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Statistical and biochemical studies of the genetic code have found evidence of nonrandom patterns in the distribution of codon assignments. It has, for example, been shown that the code minimizes the effects of point mutation or mistranslation: erroneous codons are either synonymous or code for an amino acid with chem...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/pl00006381
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While studies of the evolutionary histories of protein families are commonplace, little is known on noncoding RNAs beyond microRNAs and some snoRNAs. Here we investigate in detail the evolutionary history of the nine spliceosomal snRNA families (U1, U2, U4, U5, U6, U11, U12, U4atac, and U6atac) across the completely o...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-008-9149-6
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The retrieval of Neanderthal (Homo neanderthalsensis) mitochondrial DNA is thought to be among the most significant ancient DNA contributions to date, allowing conflicting hypotheses on modern human (Homo sapiens) evolution to be tested directly. Recently, however, both the authenticity of the Neanderthal sequences an...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-006-0017-y
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02103135
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microsporidia are unicellular eukaryotes living as obligate intracellular parasites. Lacking mitochondria, they were initially considered as having diverged before the endosymbiosis at the origin of mitochondria. That microsporidia were primitively amitochondriate was first questioned by the discovery of microsporidia...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-004-2673-0
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We constructed a cDNA library for the beetle, Tribolium castaneum. This library was screened using a cloned amylase gene from Drosophila melanogaster as a molecular probe. Beetle amylase cDNA clones were isolated from this bank, and the nucleotide sequence was obtained for a cDNA clone with a coding capacity for 228 a...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02099856
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The stability of helical structures formed by polyuridylic acid with nucleosides and nucleotides derived from adenosine is not significantly affected by replacing hydroxyl groups by hydrogen, amino, or azido functions. Stability is affected by the position of the phosphate group. ...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01738882
更新日期：1976-06-23 00:00:00
abstract：:It is generally considered that if an RNA World ever existed that it would be driven by an RNA capable of RNA replication. Whether such a catalytic RNA could emerge in an RNA World or not, there would need to be prior routes to increasing complexity in order to produce it. It is hypothesized here that increasing seque...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-018-9846-8
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The usage of synonymous codons and the frequencies of amino acids were investigated in the complete genome of the bacterium Thermotoga maritima using a multivariate statistical approach. The GC3 content of each gene was the most prominent source of variation of codon usage. Surprisingly the usage of UGU and UGC (synon...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-001-0040-y
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tests for positive selection have mostly been developed to look for diversifying selection where change away from the current amino acid is often favorable. However, in many cases we are interested in directional selection where there is a shift toward specific amino acids, resulting in increased fitness in the specie...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-016-9765-5
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The frequencies of ATG triplets in the genomes of various species were systematically analyzed, and the frequency of ATG triplets was significantly low around start codons in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes. In eukaryotes, however, the frequency decrease before the start codon is much more evident than that af...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/pl00006460
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Annotated, complete DNA sequences are available for 213 mitochondrial genomes from 132 species. These provide an extensive sample of evolutionary adjustment of codon usage and meaning spanning the history of this organelle. Because most known coding changes are mitochondrial, such data bear on the general mechanism of...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002390010220
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relaxin (RLN) and insulin-like (INSL) gene family is a group of genes involved in a variety of physiological roles that includes bone formation, testicular descent, trophoblast development, and cell differentiation. This family appears to have expanded in vertebrates relative to non-vertebrate chordates, but the r...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-010-9403-6
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The 70-kDa heat-shock protein (HSP70) constitutes the most conserved protein present in all organisms that is known to date. Based on global alignment of HSP70 sequences from organisms representing all three domains, numerous sequence signatures that are specific for prokaryotic and eukaryotic homologs have been ident...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00182743
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several algae that were previously classified in the phylum Xanthophyta (yellow-green algae) were assigned in 1971 to a new phylum, Eustigmatophyta. It was anticipated that the number of algae reclassified to Eustigmatophyta would increase. However, due to the fact that the morphological characteristics that segregate...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/pl00006210
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gene duplication creates a second copy of a gene either in tandem to the ancestral locus or dispersed to another chromosomal location. When the ancestral copy of a dispersed duplicate is lost from the genome, it creates the appearance that the gene was "relocated" from the ancestral locus to the derived location. Gene...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-018-9849-5
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR RLKs) comprise the largest group within the plant receptor-like kinase (RLK) superfamily, and the Arabidopsis genome alone contains over 200 LRR RLK genes. Although there is clear evidence for diverse roles played by individual LRR RLK genes in Arabidopsis growth and deve...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-005-0187-z
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We propose a genealogy-sampling algorithm, Sequential Markov Ancestral Recombination Tree (SMARTree), that provides an approach to estimation from SNP haplotype data of the patterns of coancestry across a genome segment among a set of homologous chromosomes. To enable analysis across longer segments of genome, the seq...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-014-9620-5
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA clones have been isolated that span the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of the dolphin, Cephalorhynchus commersonii. Hybridization experiments with purified primate mtDNA probes have established that there is close resemblance in the general organization of the dolphin mt genome and the terrestrial mammalian mt...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02143495
更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lake Malawi is home to more than 450 species of endemic cichlids, which provide a spectacular example of adaptive radiation. To clarify the phylogenetic relationships among these fish, we examined the presence and absence of SINEs (short interspersed repetitive elements) at orthologous loci. We identified six loci at ...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002390010240
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Artesian groundwaters of high radionuclide concentration are ubiquitous and may have provided the large, sustained energy sources that were required to drive the multistage process of DNA and primordial cell evolution. The rapid, early development of the genetic code as well as its degeneracy can be attributed to exce...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00161172
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper presents an essentially new method used to construct phylogenetic trees from related amino acid sequences. The method is based on a new distance measure which describes sequence relationships by means of typical steric and physicochemical properties of the amino acids and is advantageous in some essential p...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00160324
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:RNA editing affecting chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes has been identified in all major clades of land plants. The frequency of edited sites varies greatly between lineages but hornworts represent an extreme in propensity for editing in both their chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes. cDNA sequences from seven t...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-004-0146-0
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:EcoRI restriction of the B. nigra rDNA recombinants, isolated from a lambda genomic library, showed that the 3.9-kb fragment corresponded to the Intergenic Spacer (IGS), which was sequenced and found to be 3,928 bp in size. Sequence and dot-matrix analyses showed that the organization of the B. nigra rDNA IGS was typi...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02337518
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
