Encapsulation of macromolecules by lipid vesicles under simulated prebiotic conditions.

abstract：:To clarify the phylogenetic position of Vestimentifera (tube worms), 346-bp fragments of the elongation factor-1 alpha (EF-1 alpha) gene (939-1286 according to the numbering of the human gene) of a vestimentiferan, Lamellibrachia sp., a sternaspid polychaete, Sternaspis scutata, an earthworm, Pheretima sp., and a gast...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Kojima S,Hashimoto T,Hasegawa M,Murata S,Ohta S,Seki H,Okada N

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is generally considered that if an RNA World ever existed that it would be driven by an RNA capable of RNA replication. Whether such a catalytic RNA could emerge in an RNA World or not, there would need to be prior routes to increasing complexity in order to produce it. It is hypothesized here that increasing seque...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Tirumalai MR,Tran Q,Paci M,Chavan D,Marathe A,Fox GE

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phylogenetic relationships of 25 mammalian species representing 17 of the 18 eutherian orders were examined using DNA sequences from a 1.2-kb region of the 5' end of exon 1 of the single-copy nuclear gene known as interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein (IRBP). A wide variety of methods of analysis of the DNA sequ...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Stanhope MJ,Smith MR,Waddell VG,Porter CA,Shivji MS,Goodman M

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The heterotrophic theory of the origin of life is the only proposal available with experimental support. This comes from the ease of prebiotic synthesis under strongly reducing conditions. The prebiotic synthesis of organic compounds by reduction of CO(2) to monomers used by the first organisms would also be considere...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Lazcano A,Miller SL

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complete chloroplast 23S rRNA and psbA genes from five peridinin-containing dinoflagellates (Heterocapsa pygmaea, Heterocapsa niei, Heterocapsa rotun-data, Amphidinium carterae, and Protoceratium reticulatum) were amplified by PCR and sequenced; partial sequences were obtained from Thoracosphaera heimii and Scrippsiel...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Zhang Z,Green BR,Cavalier-Smith T

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The incomplete correlation between the organismal complexities and the number of genes among eukaryotic organisms can be partially explained by multiple protein products of a gene created by alternative splicing. One type of alternative splicing involves alternative selection of mutually exclusive exons and creates pr...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Chen YC,Lin WH,Tzeng DW,Chow WY

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adenosine 5'-phosphoramidates form when solutions containing adenosine 5'-polyphosphates pnA (n greater than or equal to 3) or P1, P2-diadenosine 5'-diphosphate and amines are allowed to dry out. Mg ions catalyze these reactions. We have studied systems containing ammonia, imidazole, glycine, ethylenediamine and hista...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Lohrmann R

更新日期：1977-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxygen-free aqueous solutions of NH4CN (0.1 M, pH9) were exposed to gamma rays from a 60Co source, the mixture of nonvolatile products was fractionated, and the fractions were analyzed. The procedures were chosen to make effective investigations of radiolytic products, and to minimize the contributions of chemical cha...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Draganić ZD,Niketić V,Jovanović S,Draganić IG

更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tests for positive selection have mostly been developed to look for diversifying selection where change away from the current amino acid is often favorable. However, in many cases we are interested in directional selection where there is a shift toward specific amino acids, resulting in increased fitness in the specie...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Thiltgen G,Dos Reis M,Goldstein RA

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nucleotide polymorphisms in two North American balsam poplars (Populus trichocarpa Torr. & Gray and P. balsamifera L.; section Tacamahaca), and one Eurasian aspen (P. tremula L.; section Populus) were compared using nine loci involved in defense, stress response, photoperiodism, freezing tolerance, and housekeeping. N...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Ismail M,Soolanayakanahally RY,Ingvarsson PK,Guy RD,Jansson S,Silim SN,El-Kassaby YA

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Annotated, complete DNA sequences are available for 213 mitochondrial genomes from 132 species. These provide an extensive sample of evolutionary adjustment of codon usage and meaning spanning the history of this organelle. Because most known coding changes are mitochondrial, such data bear on the general mechanism of...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Knight RD,Landweber LF,Yarus M

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:HMG boxes were initially identified as DNA-binding domains of the human RNA polymerase I (pol I) transcription factor hUBF and the animal high-mobility-group (HMG) protein family HMG1. Since then, numerous sequences of HMG-box-containing HMG proteins and other DNA-binding proteins from several species have become avai...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Griess EA,Rensing SA,Grasser KD,Maier UG,Feix G

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Langley and Fitch (1974, 1976) have shown that the pattern of nucleotide substitutions in proteins is inconsistent with a Poisson process with constant rate. From this they conclude that the rate is temporally heterogeneous. It is pointed out in this note that a process which is temporally homogeneous but not a Poisso...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Gillespie JH,Langley CH

更新日期：1979-06-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The usage of synonymous codons and the frequencies of amino acids were investigated in the complete genome of the bacterium Thermotoga maritima using a multivariate statistical approach. The GC3 content of each gene was the most prominent source of variation of codon usage. Surprisingly the usage of UGU and UGC (synon...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Zavala A,Naya H,Romero H,Musto H

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We described previously a family of dispersed palindromic sequences highly repeated in Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium genomes. These sequences, called PU (palindromic units), are located outside structural genes. We report here observations suggesting that PU may have a role in bacterial speciation. ...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Gilson E,Perrin D,Saurin W,Hofnung M

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous reports indicate that in laboratory strains of mice, males are distinct from females in possession of repetitive DNA, notably devoid of Eco RI and Hae III sites and rich in the simple tetranucleotides GATA/GACA. We report here that such sequences originated in an ancestor common to laboratory mice, Mus hortul...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Platt TH,Dewey MJ

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A long-standing hypothesis posits that morphological changes may be more likely to result from changes in regulation of gene expression than from changes in the protein coding sequences of genes. We have compared the expression pattern of the twisted gastrulation (tsg) gene among five Drosophila species: D. melanogast...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Mason ED,Marsh JL

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When an aqueous solution (pH 7.0) of 3H deoxythymidine 5'-triphosphate, deoxythymidine 5'-phosphate, 4-amino-5-imidazolecarboxamide, cyanamide and ammonium chloride was dried and heated at 60 degrees C for 18 h, oligomers were obtained in a yield of approximately 80%. After the chemical degradation of any pyrophosphat...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Sherwood E,Joshi A,Oró J

更新日期：1977-12-29 00:00:00

abstract：:We present phylogenetic evidence that a group I intron in an angiosperm mitochondrial gene arose recently by horizontal transfer from a fungal donor species. A 1,716-bp fragment of the mitochondrial coxI gene from the angiosperm Peperomia polybotrya was amplified via the polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. Compar...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Vaughn JC,Mason MT,Sper-Whitis GL,Kuhlman P,Palmer JD

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transbilayer diffusion of Mn2+ ions occurred in liposomes formed from dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine or egg-yolk phosphatidylcholine and egg-yolk phosphatidate (molar ratio 2:1) containing DNA and DNase I within their aqueous compartments. Cation diffusion was demonstrated by the hydrolytic activity of DNase I, activ...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Baeza I,Ibáñez M,Santiago JC,Argüello C,Wong C,Oró J

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sequence data from regions of five vertebrate vitellogenin genes were used to examine the frequency, distribution, and mutability of the dinucleotide CpG, the preferred modification site for eukaryotic DNA methyltransferases. The observed level of the CpG dinucleotide in all five genes was markedly lower than that exp...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Cooper DN,Gerber-Huber S,Nardelli D,Schubiger JL,Wahli W

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A cDNA encoding a new member of the gene family of major royal jelly proteins (MRJPs) from the honeybee, Apis mellifera, was isolated and sequenced. Royal jelly (RJ) is a secretion of the cephalic glands of nurse bees. The origin and biological function of the protein component (12.5%, w/w) of RJ is unknown. We show t...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Albert S,Bhattacharya D,Klaudiny J,Schmitzová J,Simúth J

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A common polymorphism of the early embryonic histone-gene repeat of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus is a 195-bp insertion within the H4-H2B spacer. The sequence, found as an insert in histone-gene repeats of 6 of 22 individuals screened, is also found at approximately 50 sites elsewhere in the genome of every individual...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Yager LN,Kaumeyer JF,Lee I,Weinberg ES

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The neutral theory of molecular evolution states that most mutations are deleterious or neutral. It results that the evolutionary rate of a given position in an alignment is a function of the level of constraint acting on this position. Inferring evolutionary rates from a set of aligned sequences is hence a powerful m...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Dutheil J

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The PIGSFEAST (PF) exon of the Drosophila dumpy gene is undergoing concerted evolution by the process of unequal crossing over. We have developed a long-range PCR-based assay to amplify the approximately 12 kb long exon which contains variable numbers of 303 or 306 nt long repeats in a tandem array. We applied this pr...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Carmon A,Larson M,Wayne M,MacIntyre R

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Short interspersed DNA elements (SINEs) amplify by retroposition either by (i) successive waves of amplification from one or a few evolving master genes or by (ii) the generation of new master genes that coexist with their progenitors. Individual, highly conserved, elements of the B1 SINE family were identified from t...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Kass DH,Raynor ME,Williams TM

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present study we focus on the nucleotide and the inferred amino acid variation occurring in humans and other primate species for mitochondrial NAD(+)-dependent succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase, a gene recently supposed to contribute to cognitive performance in humans. We determined 2527 bp of coding, introni...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Blasi P,Palmerio F,Aiello A,Rocchi M,Malaspina P,Novelletto A

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been argued that the common ancestor of about 75% of all dicots possessed an S-RNase-based gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) system. S-RNase genes should thus be found in most plant families showing GSI. The S-RNase gene (or a duplicate) may also acquire a new function and thus genes belonging to the S-RN...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Vieira J,Fonseca NA,Vieira CP

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genes encoding the olfactory receptors of the "OR37" subfamily of the mouse are characterized by special features including a clustered expression pattern, assembly in two distinct gene clusters, and highly conserved putative promoter motifs. Mining the rat and dog databases revealed that these two species possess hig...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Hoppe R,Lambert TD,Samollow PB,Breer H,Strotmann J

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt-b) gene is widely used in systematic studies to resolve divergences at many taxonomic levels. The present study focuses mainly on the utility of cyt-b as a molecular marker for inferring phylogenetic relationship at various levels within the fish family Cichlidae. A total of 78 taxa...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Farias IP,Ortí G,Sampaio I,Schneider H,Meyer A

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00