Abstract：
:Oxygen-free aqueous solutions of NH4CN (0.1 M, pH9) were exposed to gamma rays from a 60Co source, the mixture of nonvolatile products was fractionated, and the fractions were analyzed. The procedures were chosen to make effective investigations of radiolytic products, and to minimize the contributions of chemical changes which are known to occur in aqueous solution in the absence of ionizing radiation. It has been found that the main constituents are: urea, 25.9%; an oligomer, very likely oligoimine (18.4%); and several fractions (about 50%) which release amino acids on hydrolysis. These fractions differ considerably, as shown by amino acid assay, enzymatic digestion, IR spectra, and biuret reaction. All these tests were found to be positive for two fractions; in two further fractions the enzymatic cleavage was absent, but other tests were positive. Negative enzymatic and biuret tests, and no bands characteristic of amide or peptide, were found for a fraction whose hydrolysate consisted of 55% glycine. Although most of the isolated materials were found to be composite, the results of the analyses were sufficient for getting a reliable over-all picture of the chemical action of the ionizing radiation. The role of free radicals in reactions leading to the formations of radiolytic products was considered.
journal_name
J Mol Evoljournal_title
Journal of molecular evolutionauthors
Draganić ZD,Niketić V,Jovanović S,Draganić IGdoi
10.1007/BF01732951subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1980-07-01 00:00:00pages
239-60issue
3eissn
0022-2844issn
1432-1432journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The PIGSFEAST (PF) exon of the Drosophila dumpy gene is undergoing concerted evolution by the process of unequal crossing over. We have developed a long-range PCR-based assay to amplify the approximately 12 kb long exon which contains variable numbers of 303 or 306 nt long repeats in a tandem array. We applied this pr...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-010-9327-1
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study of genetic evolution within the context of adaptive radiations offers insights to genes and selection pressures that result in rapid morphological change. Cichlid fishes are very species-rich and variable in coloration, behavior, and morphology, and so provide a classical model system for studying the geneti...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-011-9452-5
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present phylogenetic evidence that a group I intron in an angiosperm mitochondrial gene arose recently by horizontal transfer from a fungal donor species. A 1,716-bp fragment of the mitochondrial coxI gene from the angiosperm Peperomia polybotrya was amplified via the polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. Compar...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00175814
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In mammals, chicken-type (c-type) lysozymes are part of the innate immune system, killing bacteria by degrading peptidoglycan in their cell walls. Many of the studies on the evolution of c-type lysozymes have focused on its new digestive function, including the duplicated stomach lysozymes in ruminants. Similarly, in ...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-019-09910-7
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A cDNA encoding a new member of the gene family of major royal jelly proteins (MRJPs) from the honeybee, Apis mellifera, was isolated and sequenced. Royal jelly (RJ) is a secretion of the cephalic glands of nurse bees. The origin and biological function of the protein component (12.5%, w/w) of RJ is unknown. We show t...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/pl00006551
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A common polymorphism of the early embryonic histone-gene repeat of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus is a 195-bp insertion within the H4-H2B spacer. The sequence, found as an insert in histone-gene repeats of 6 of 22 individuals screened, is also found at approximately 50 sites elsewhere in the genome of every individual...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02134133
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have shown that pituitary growth hormone displays an episodic pattern of evolution, with a slow underlying evolutionary rate and occasional sustained bursts of rapid change. The present study establishes that pituitary prolactin shows a similar pattern. During much of tetrapod evolution the sequence o...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002390010049
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Response regulators of bacterial sensory transduction systems generally consist of receiver module domains covalently linked to effector domains. The effector domains include DNA binding and/or catalytic units that are regulated by sensor kinase-catalyzed aspartyl phosphorylation within their receiver modules. Most re...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00167109
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated the evolvability of an insoluble random polypeptide, RP3-34, to a soluble form through iterative mutation and selection with the aid of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) folding reporter. To assess the solubility of the polypeptides in the selected clones of each generation, the polypeptide gene...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-003-2542-2
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mitochondrial genetic variability in European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) populations present in Europe and North Africa from 11,000 years ago to the present day has been analyzed using ancient DNA techniques. DNA was extracted from 90 rabbit bones found in 22 archaeological sites dated between the Mesolithic a...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00163228
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antibody binding site are formed by six hypervariable regions or complementarity determining regions (CDRs). The CDRs, three from the heavy chain and three from the light chain, are known as hypervariable segments and provide a surface complementary to that of the epitope. In recent work it was found that the amino ac...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00175497
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polymerization of various nucleoside-5'-phosphorimidazolides has been conducted in neutral aqueous solution using divalent metal ions as catalysts. Oligonucleotide formation took place from each of the ribonucleoside-5'-phosphorimidazolides, ImpC, ImpU, ImpA, ImpG, and ImpI. The yields and distributions of the resulti...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02100072
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The semen of many primate species coagulates into a mating plug believed to prevent the sperm of subsequent mating events from accessing the ova. The texture of the coagulum varies among species: from a semisoft mass in humans to a firm plug in chimpanzees. In humans, a component of the coagulum, semenogelin I, also i...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-002-2463-0
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intron-encoded U17 RNA is a member of the H/ACA box class of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) involved in ribosomal RNA (rRNA) maturation. U17 snoRNA shows typical characteristics of guide RNAs, which specify sites of pseudouridylation on the precursor rRNA (pre-rRNA). However, in spite of the presence of H and ACA boxe...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-001-0065-2
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Darwinian theory requires that mutations be produced in a nonanticipatory manner; it is nonetheless consistent to suggest that mutations that have repeatedly led to nonviable phenotypes would be introduced less frequently than others-if under appropriate genetic control. Immunoglobulins produced during infection acqui...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/pl00006530
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The simple codominant expression of the alleles at the self-incompatibility locus ( S) of Solanaceae and their extraordinary spectrum of sequence diversity present an ideal case for understanding the molecular forces that shape the sequence polymorphism of genes involved in recognition reactions. Here, with unpreceden...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-001-0080-3
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have studied the relative contribution of inversions, transpositions, deletions, and nucleotide substitutions to the evolution of Chlamydia trachomatis and Chlamydia pneumoniae. The minimal number of rearrangement events required for converting the gene order structure of one genome into that of the other was estim...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-001-0087-9
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three measures of sequence dissimilarity have been compared on a computer-generated model system in which substitutions in random sequences were made at randomly selected sites and the replacement character was chosen at random from the set of characters different from the original occupant of the site. The three meas...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02602925
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The activated dimonophosphate of 3'-deoxyadenosine (cordycepin) undergoes oligomerization to produce a new family of pyrophosphate-linked oligomers in which the average repeating unit involves a nine-atom structural group. The presence of a poly(U) template increases the relative yields of higher oligomers, although t...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02101146
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have analyzed the gene that encodes receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) from the marine sponge Geodia cydonium, which belongs to the most ancient and simple metazoan groups, the Porifera. RTKs are enzymes found only in metazoa. The sponge gene contains two introns in the extracellular part of the protein. However, the r...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/pl00006141
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The complete or partial sequences of 47 E. coli ribosomal proteins described in the literature have been examined by computerized search and matching programs. In contrast to results previously reported by other investigators, sequence homologies were uncovered among some of these ribosomal proteins that are well beyo...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01732666
更新日期：1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been argued that downstream enzymes in metabolic pathways are expected to be subject to reduced selective constraint, while upstream enzymes, particularly those at pathway branch points, are expected to exhibit more frequent adaptive substitution than downstream enzymes. We examined whether these expectations a...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-008-9105-5
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The efficiency of obtaining the correct tree by the maximum likelihood method (Felsenstein 1981) for inferring trees from DNA sequence data was compared with trees obtained by distance methods. It was shown that the maximum likelihood method is superior to distance methods in the efficiency particularly when the evolu...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02101285
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examines the diverse maximum wavelength absorption (lambdamax) found in crayfishes (Decapoda: Cambaridae and Parastacidae) and the associated genetic variation in their opsin locus. We measured the wavelength absorption in the photoreceptors of six species that inhabit environments of different light intens...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/pl00006257
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The alpha-esterase cluster of D. melanogaster contains 11 esterase genes dispersed over 60 kb. Embedded in the cluster are two unrelated open reading frames that have sequence similarity with genes encoding ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme and tropomyosin. The esterase amino acid sequences show 37-66% identity with one an...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02338832
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies so far have correlated the variation in the composition of snake venoms with the target prey population and snake's diet. Here we present the first example of an alternative evolutionary link between venom composition and dietary adaptation of snakes. We describe a dinucleotide deletion in the only three finge...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-004-0138-0
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dominant paradigm in origin of life research is that of an RNA world. However, despite experimental progress towards the spontaneous formation of RNA, the RNA world hypothesis still has its problems. Here, we introduce a novel computational model of chemical reaction networks based on RNA secondary structure and a...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-017-9787-7
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA methylation is one of the many hypotheses proposed to explain the observed deficiency in CpG dinucleotides in a variety of genomes covering a wide taxonomic distribution. Recent studies challenged the methylation hypothesis on empirical grounds. First, it cannot explain why the Mycoplasma genitalium genome exhibit...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-003-0003-6
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Covarion processes allow changes in evolutionary rates at sites along the branches of a phylogenetic tree. Covarion-like evolution is increasingly recognized as an important mode of protein evolution. Several recent reports suggest that maximum likelihood estimation employing covarion models may support different opti...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-007-9062-4
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We recently sequenced the genome of the first subterrestrial metazoan, the nematode Halicephalobus mephisto. A central finding was a dramatic expansion of genes encoding avrRpt2 induced gene (AIG1), and 70 kDa heat shock (Hsp70) domains. While the role of Hsp70 in thermotolerance is well established, the contribution ...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00239-019-09900-9
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
