Abstract:
:Studies so far have correlated the variation in the composition of snake venoms with the target prey population and snake's diet. Here we present the first example of an alternative evolutionary link between venom composition and dietary adaptation of snakes. We describe a dinucleotide deletion in the only three finger toxin gene expressed in the sea snake Aipysurus eydouxii (Marbled Sea Snake) venom and how it may have been the result of a significant change in dietary habits. The deletion leads to a frame shift and truncation with an accompanying loss of neurotoxicity. Due to the remarkable streamlining of sea snake venoms, a mutation of a single toxin can have dramatic effects on the whole venom, in this case likely explaining the 50- to 100-fold decrease in venom toxicity in comparison to that of other species in the same genus. This is a secondary result of the adaptation of A. eydouxii to a new dietary habit--feeding exclusively on fish eggs and, thus, the snake no longer using its venom for prey capture. This was parallel to greatly atrophied venom glands and loss of effective fangs. It is interesting to note that a potent venom was not maintained for use in defense, thus reinforcing that the primary use of snake venom is for prey capture.
journal_name
J Mol Evoljournal_title
Journal of molecular evolutionauthors
Li M,Fry BG,Kini RMdoi
10.1007/s00239-004-0138-0keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-01-01 00:00:00pages
81-9issue
1eissn
0022-2844issn
1432-1432journal_volume
60pub_type
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journal_title:Journal of molecular evolution
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journal_title:Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of molecular evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
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