The 3-Minihelix tRNA Evolution Theorem.

abstract：:The mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt-b) gene is widely used in systematic studies to resolve divergences at many taxonomic levels. The present study focuses mainly on the utility of cyt-b as a molecular marker for inferring phylogenetic relationship at various levels within the fish family Cichlidae. A total of 78 taxa...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Farias IP,Ortí G,Sampaio I,Schneider H,Meyer A

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Comparisons of the amino acid compositions of the nitrogenase proteins from different organisms and their correlation with cross-reactivities and taxonomical data suggest an evolution within bacterial genomes rather than within plasmids. Comparisons of the amino acid compositions of nitrogenases and other ATP-ases sho...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Kleiner D,Littke W,Bender H,Wallenfels K

更新日期：1976-03-29 00:00:00

abstract：:A major goal of evolutionary biology is to understand how beneficial mutations translate into increased fitness. Here, we study beneficial mutations that arise in experimental populations of yeast evolved in glucose-rich media. We find that fitness increases are caused by enhanced maximum growth rate (R) that come at ...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Sezmis AL,Malerba ME,Marshall DJ,McDonald MJ

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We present a new approach for analyzing directional mutation pressure and nucleotide content in protein-coding genes. Directional mutation pressure, the heterogenicity in the likelihood of different nucleotide substitutions, is used to explain the increasing or decreasing guanine-cytosine content (GC%) in DNA and is r...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Jermiin LS,Graur D,Lowe RM,Crozier RH

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The early evolution of life is a period with many important events with a lot of big and open questions. One of them is the evolution of metabolic pathways, which means the origin and assembly of enzymes that act together. The retrograde hypothesis was the first attempt to explain the origin and evolutionary history o...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Becerra A

更新日期：2021-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Artesian groundwaters of high radionuclide concentration are ubiquitous and may have provided the large, sustained energy sources that were required to drive the multistage process of DNA and primordial cell evolution. The rapid, early development of the genetic code as well as its degeneracy can be attributed to exce...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Martell EA

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The homeobox gene Hoxa-13 codes for a transcription factor involved in multiple functions, including body axis and hand/foot development in tetrapods. In this study we investigate whether the loss of one function (e.g., limb loss in snakes) left a molecular footprint in exon 1 of Hoxa-13 that could be associated with ...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Kohlsdorf T,Cummings MP,Lynch VJ,Stopper GF,Takahashi K,Wagner GP

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We suggest a nucleotide substitution model that takes correlation between base-paired nucleotides into account. The model includes the estimation of the transition-transversion ratio and allows inference of the shape parameter of a discrete gamma distribution to include rate heterogeneity. A Cox-test statistic, applie...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Schöniger M,von Haeseler A

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been argued that the common ancestor of about 75% of all dicots possessed an S-RNase-based gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) system. S-RNase genes should thus be found in most plant families showing GSI. The S-RNase gene (or a duplicate) may also acquire a new function and thus genes belonging to the S-RN...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Vieira J,Fonseca NA,Vieira CP

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The helix-turn-helix domain-containing family of transcriptional regulators is of ancient origin and has been incorporated into numerous disparate biological processes. As a consequence, the forces shaping its early evolution have been difficult to reconstruct. Herein, we analyze this large and diverse family with a c...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Rosinski JA,Atchley WR

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 2550-bp portion of the mitochondrial genome of a Demosponge, genus Tetilla, was amplified from whole genomic DNA extract and sequenced. The sequence was found to code for the 3' end of the 16S rRNA gene, cytochrome c oxidase subunit II, a lysine tRNA, ATPase subunit 8, and a 5' portion of ATPase subunit 6. The Porif...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Watkins RF,Beckenbach AT

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Soluble lead salts and a number of lead-containing minerals catalyze the formation of oligonucleotides from nucleoside 5'-phosphorimidazolides. The effectiveness of lead compounds correlates strongly with their solubility. Under optimal conditions we were able to obtain 18% of pentamer and higher oligomers from ImpA. ...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Sleeper HL,Orgel LE

更新日期：1979-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:By a chromosome walking strategy the DNA region from Methanococcus vannielii flanking the genes for protein synthesis elongation factor (EF) 1 alpha and EF-2 was cloned and sequenced. A gene organization of 5' - beta' - open reading frame (ORF) 1 - ORF2 - S12 - S7 - EF-2 - EF-1 alpha - S10 - ORF3 - ORF4 - 3' was found...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Lechner K,Heller G,Böck A

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two types of gene encoding small subunits (SSU) of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, a starch-biosynthetic enzyme, have been found in cereals and other grasses. One of these genes encodes two SSU proteins. These are targeted to different subcellular compartments and expressed in different organs of the plant: the endospe...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Rösti S,Denyer K

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alu elements are not distributed homogeneously throughout the human genome: old elements are preferentially found in the GC-rich parts of the genome, while young Alus are more often found in the GC-poor parts of the genome. The process giving rise to this differential distribution remains poorly understood. Here we in...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Belle EM,Webster MT,Eyre-Walker A

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To understand the process and mechanism of protein evolution, it is important to know what types of amino acid substitutions are more likely to be under selection and what types are mostly neutral. An amino acid substitution can be classified as either conservative or radical, depending on whether it involves a change...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Zhang J

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been argued that downstream enzymes in metabolic pathways are expected to be subject to reduced selective constraint, while upstream enzymes, particularly those at pathway branch points, are expected to exhibit more frequent adaptive substitution than downstream enzymes. We examined whether these expectations a...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Rausher MD,Lu Y,Meyer K

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxygen-free aqueous solutions of NH4CN (0.1 M, pH9) were exposed to gamma rays from a 60Co source, the mixture of nonvolatile products was fractionated, and the fractions were analyzed. The procedures were chosen to make effective investigations of radiolytic products, and to minimize the contributions of chemical cha...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Draganić ZD,Niketić V,Jovanović S,Draganić IG

更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The amino acid sequences of 22 alpha-amylases from family 13 of glycosyl hydrolases were analyzed with the aim of revealing the evolutionary relationships between the archaeal alpha-amylases and their eubacterial and eukaryotic counterparts. Two evolutionary distance trees were constructed: (i) the first one based on ...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Janecek S,Lévêque E,Belarbi A,Haye B

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nucleotide sequences for the kappa-casein precursor proteins have been determined from the genomic DNAs or hair roots of the Ruminantia. The coding regions, exons 2, 3, and 4, were amplified separately via the three kinds of PCRs and then directly sequenced. The primers were designed from the sequence of bovine kappa-...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Chikuni K,Mori Y,Tabata T,Saito M,Monma M,Kosugiyama M

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complete chloroplast 23S rRNA and psbA genes from five peridinin-containing dinoflagellates (Heterocapsa pygmaea, Heterocapsa niei, Heterocapsa rotun-data, Amphidinium carterae, and Protoceratium reticulatum) were amplified by PCR and sequenced; partial sequences were obtained from Thoracosphaera heimii and Scrippsiel...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Zhang Z,Green BR,Cavalier-Smith T

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bacterial endosymbionts (Buchnera) from the aphids Rhopalosiphum padi, R. maidis, Schizaphis graminum, and Acyrthosiphon pisum contain the genes for anthranilate synthase (trpEG) on plasmids made up of one or more 3.6-kb units. Anthranilate synthase is the first as well as the rate-limiting enzyme in the tryptopha...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Rouhbakhsh D,Lai CY,von Dohlen CD,Clark MA,Baumann L,Baumann P,Moran NA,Voegtlin DJ

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Selection pressures on proteins are usually measured by comparing homologous nucleotide sequences (Zuckerkandl and Pauling 1965). Recently we introduced a novel method, termed volatility, to estimate selection pressures on proteins on the basis of their synonymous codon usage (Plotkin and Dushoff 2003; Plotkin et al. ...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Plotkin JB,Dushoff J,Desai MM,Fraser HB

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have sequenced the nuclear and mitochondrial small subunit rRNA genes (rns) and the mitochondrial genes coding for subunits 1 and 3 of the cytochrome oxidase (cox1 and cox3, respectively) of the chytridiomycete Allomyces macrogynus. Phylogenetic trees inferred from the derived COX1 and COX3 proteins and the nuclear...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Paquin B,Forget L,Roewer I,Lang BF

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The activated dimonophosphate of 3'-deoxyadenosine (cordycepin) undergoes oligomerization to produce a new family of pyrophosphate-linked oligomers in which the average repeating unit involves a nine-atom structural group. The presence of a poly(U) template increases the relative yields of higher oligomers, although t...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Visscher J,Schwartz AW

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Darwinian theory requires that mutations be produced in a nonanticipatory manner; it is nonetheless consistent to suggest that mutations that have repeatedly led to nonviable phenotypes would be introduced less frequently than others-if under appropriate genetic control. Immunoglobulins produced during infection acqui...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Cowell LG,Kim HJ,Humaljoki T,Berek C,Kepler TB

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 5S ribosomal RNA sequences have been determined for the rhodoplast of the red alga Porphyra umbilicalis and the chloroplast of the conifer Juniperus media. The 5S RNA sequence of the Vicia faba chloroplast is corrected with respect to a previous report. A survey of the known sequences and secondary structures of 5...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Van den Eynde H,De Baere R,De Roeck E,Van de Peer Y,Vandenberghe A,Willekens P,De Wachter R

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the molecular evolution of duplicated color vision genes (LWS-1 and SWS2) within cyprinid fish, focusing on the most cavefish-rich genus--Sinocyclocheilus. Maximum likelihood-based codon substitution approaches were used to analyze the evolution of vision genes. We found that the duplicated color visio...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Li Z,Gan X,He S

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Factors involved in the selection of the 20 protein L-alpha-amino acids during chemical evolution and the early stages of Darwinian evolution are discussed. The selection is considered on the basis of the availability in the primitive ocean, function in proteins, the stability of the amino acid and its peptides, stabi...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Weber AL,Miller SL

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The complete or partial sequences of 47 E. coli ribosomal proteins described in the literature have been examined by computerized search and matching programs. In contrast to results previously reported by other investigators, sequence homologies were uncovered among some of these ribosomal proteins that are well beyo...

journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution

authors： Jue RA,Woodbury NW,Doolittle RF

更新日期：1980-05-01 00:00:00