Monolayers of derivatized poly(L-lysine)-grafted poly(ethylene glycol) on metal oxides as a class of biomolecular interfaces.

abstract：:People who are more avoidant of pathogens are more politically conservative, as are nations with greater parasite stress. In the current research, we test two prominent hypotheses that have been proposed as explanations for these relationships. The first, which is an intragroup account, holds that these relationships ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tybur JM,Inbar Y,Aarøe L,Barclay P,Barlow FK,de Barra M,Becker DV,Borovoi L,Choi I,Choi JA,Consedine NS,Conway A,Conway JR,Conway P,Adoric VC,Demirci DE,Fernández AM,Ferreira DC,Ishii K,Jakšić I,Ji T,van Leeuwen

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammalian SWI/SNF [also called BAF (Brg/Brahma-associated factors)] ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes are essential for formation of the totipotent and pluripotent cells of the early embryo. In addition, subunits of this complex have been recovered in screens for genes required for nuclear reprogramming in ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ho L,Ronan JL,Wu J,Staahl BT,Chen L,Kuo A,Lessard J,Nesvizhskii AI,Ranish J,Crabtree GR

更新日期：2009-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Variation of chloroplast DNA and nuclear ribosomal DNA (DNA encoding ribosomal RNA) was studied for five species of white oak native to the eastern United States. Although these species differ in many morphological characters and have different (though overlapping) geographical ranges and ecological tolerances, they a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Whittemore AT,Schaal BA

更新日期：1991-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Chick-limb mesodermal cells have been maintained in tissue culture under conditions that permit development of muscle and cartilage. 3-Acetylpyridine, a nicotinamide-antagonized muscle teratogen, potentiates chondrogenic expression in cell cultures, as evidenced by histological and biochemical criteria, including the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Caplan AI,Stoolmiller AC

更新日期：1973-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An increasing number of protein structures are found to encompass multiple folding nuclei, allowing their structures to be formed by several competing pathways. A typical example is the ribosomal protein S6, which comprises two folding nuclei (sigma1 and sigma2) defining two competing pathways in the folding energy la...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Haglund E,Lind J,Oman T,Ohman A,Mäler L,Oliveberg M

更新日期：2009-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:We present the discovery of an unusually large isotope effect in the structural relaxation and the glass transition temperature Tg of water. Dielectric relaxation spectroscopy of low-density as well as of vapor-deposited amorphous water reveal Tg differences of 10 ± 2 K between H2O and D2O, sharply contrasting with ot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gainaru C,Agapov AL,Fuentes-Landete V,Amann-Winkel K,Nelson H,Köster KW,Kolesnikov AI,Novikov VN,Richert R,Böhmer R,Loerting T,Sokolov AP

更新日期：2014-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:High magnetic fields have revealed a surprisingly small Fermi surface in underdoped cuprates, possibly resulting from Fermi-surface reconstruction due to an order parameter that breaks translational symmetry of the crystal lattice. A crucial issue concerns the doping extent of such a state and its relationship to the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chan MK,McDonald RD,Ramshaw BJ,Betts JB,Shekhter A,Bauer ED,Harrison N

更新日期：2020-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The nitrogen isotopic composition (15N/14N) of forested ecosystems varies systematically worldwide. In tropical forests, which are elevated in 15N relative to temperate biomes, a decrease in ecosystem 15N/14N with increasing rainfall has been reported. This trend is seen in a set of well characterized Hawaiian rainfor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Houlton BZ,Sigman DM,Hedin LO

更新日期：2006-06-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite high structural homology between NO reductases (NORs) and heme-copper oxidases (HCOs), factors governing their reaction specificity remain to be understood. Using a myoglobin-based model of NOR (FeBMb) and tuning its heme redox potentials (E°') to cover the native NOR range, through manipulating hydrogen bondi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bhagi-Damodaran A,Reed JH,Zhu Q,Shi Y,Hosseinzadeh P,Sandoval BA,Harnden KA,Wang S,Sponholtz MR,Mirts EN,Dwaraknath S,Zhang Y,Moënne-Loccoz P,Lu Y

更新日期：2018-06-12 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1000 primary gastric carcinomas, 70 (7.0%) contained Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genomic sequences detected by PCR and Southern blots. The positive tumors comprised 8 of 9 (89%) undifferentiated lymphoepithelioma-like carcinomas, 27 of 476 (5.7%) poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas, and 35 of 515 (6.8%) moderately t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Imai S,Koizumi S,Sugiura M,Tokunaga M,Uemura Y,Yamamoto N,Tanaka S,Sato E,Osato T

更新日期：1994-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Embryonic stem cell-based therapies exhibit great potential for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) because they can significantly rescue PD-like behaviors. However, whether the transplanted cells themselves release dopamine in vivo remains elusive. We and others have recently induced human embryonic stem cells ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kang X,Xu H,Teng S,Zhang X,Deng Z,Zhou L,Zuo P,Liu B,Liu B,Wu Q,Wang L,Hu M,Dou H,Liu W,Zhu F,Li Q,Guo S,Gu J,Lei Q,Lü J,Mu Y,Jin M,Wang S,Jiang W,Liu K,Wang C,Li W,Zhang K,Zhou Z

更新日期：2014-11-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants, as sessile organisms, must coordinate various physiological processes to adapt to ever-changing surrounding environments. Stomata, the epidermal pores facilitating gas and water exchange, play important roles in optimizing photosynthetic efficiency and adaptability. Stomatal development is under the control of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang JY,He SB,Li L,Yang HQ

更新日期：2014-07-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Focal electric stimulation of the auditory cortex is well suited for exploration of the function of the corticofugal (descending) system and the neural mechanism of plasticity in the central auditory system, because it evokes changes in frequency-tuning, called best frequency (BF) shifts, as does auditory fear conditi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xiao Z,Suga N

更新日期：2005-12-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Phylogenetic differences in acetylcholine receptors from skeletal neuromuscular synapses of various species of snakes and lizards have been investigated, using the snake venom alpha-neurotoxins alpha-atratoxin (cobrotoxin) and alpha-bungarotoxin. The acetylcholine receptors of the phylogenetically primitive lizards, l...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Burden SJ,Hartzell HC,Yoshikami D

更新日期：1975-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the mechanisms of anterior-posterior axis formation are well understood in Drosophila, both embryological and molecular studies suggest significant variation in the mechanisms generating this axis within the Insecta class as a whole. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Patel NH

更新日期：2000-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The expression of the human HSP70 gene is induced by a wide range of physiological stresses, including exposure to heat shock and heavy metals, or under nonstress conditions, such as in response to serum stimulation. We have previously demonstrated that in either case the regulated expression is at the primary level o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wu BJ,Kingston RE,Morimoto RI

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We present here direct evidence for the preservation of a transcriptional initiation sequence in a eukaryotic rRNA precursor: the 5'-end group for precursor to 17S rRNA (p17S RNA) from Dictyostelium discoideum is identified as the triphosphate residue pppA-. We also show that mature 5S RNA form Dictyostelium bears a d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Batts-Young B,Lodish HF

更新日期：1978-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Classical eyeblink conditioning is a well-characterized model paradigm that engages the septohippocampal cholinergic system. This form of associative learning is impaired in normal aging and severely disrupted in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Some nicotinic cholinergic receptor subtypes are lost in AD, making the use of n...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Woodruff-Pak DS,Vogel RW 3rd,Wenk GL

更新日期：2001-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The oligopeptide permease of Escherichia coli has been characterized by Payne, Gilvarg, and their colleagues. We have confirmed its existence in Salmonella typhimurium, and have isolated a series of mutants lacking the permease. We use this transport system for smuggling a histidine biosynthetic intermediate, histidin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ames BN,Ames GF,Young JD,Tsuchiya D,Lecocq J

更新日期：1973-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Wild bees are highly valuable pollinators. Along with managed honey bees, they provide a critical ecosystem service by ensuring stable pollination to agriculture and wild plant communities. Increasing concern about the welfare of both wild and managed pollinators, however, has prompted recent calls for national evalua...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Koh I,Lonsdorf EV,Williams NM,Brittain C,Isaacs R,Gibbs J,Ricketts TH

更新日期：2016-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:When grafting or wounding disconnects stem tissues, new tissues are generated to restore the lost connection. In this study, the molecular mechanism of such healing was elucidated in injured stems of Arabidopsis. Soon after the inflorescence stems were incised, the pith cells started to divide. This process was strong...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Asahina M,Azuma K,Pitaksaringkarn W,Yamazaki T,Mitsuda N,Ohme-Takagi M,Yamaguchi S,Kamiya Y,Okada K,Nishimura T,Koshiba T,Yokota T,Kamada H,Satoh S

更新日期：2011-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Coxsackievirus causes severe disease in adult mice subjected to sustained post-weaning undernutrition (marasmus). Virus-infected marasmic mice have an increased incidence of mortality, severe lesions, and elevated and persistent viral in target organs. Transfer of immune lymphoid cells 30 min or 24 hr after viral chal...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Woodruff JF,Woodruff JJ

更新日期：1971-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nanoscale distributions of electron density and electric fields in GaAs semiconductor devices are displayed with NMR experiments. The spectra are sensitive to the changes to the nuclear-spin Hamiltonian that are induced by perturbations delivered in synchrony with a line-narrowing pulse sequence. This POWER (pertu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kempf JG,Miller MA,Weitekamp DP

更新日期：2008-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The existence and neuroanatomical locations of separate extrastriate visual pathways for object recognition and spatial localization were investigated in healthy young men. Regional cerebral blood flow was measured by positron emission tomography and bolus injections of H2(15)O, while subjects performed face matching,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Haxby JV,Grady CL,Horwitz B,Ungerleider LG,Mishkin M,Carson RE,Herscovitch P,Schapiro MB,Rapoport SI

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The complexity and specificity of metazoan transcription are determined by combinatorial control of the composition and activity of regulatory complexes. To investigate the basis of this specificity, we focused on the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a single regulatory factor that integrates multiple signals to give ris...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen SH,Masuno K,Cooper SB,Yamamoto KR

更新日期：2013-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Two photochromic activators of the electrogenic membrane of the electroplax of Electrophorus electricus are described. Trans-3,3'-bis[alpha-(trimethylammonium)methyl]azobenzene dibromide (Bis-Q), one of the most potent ever reported, is active at concentrations of less than 10(-7) M. Its cis isomer, which is obtained ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bartels E,Wassermann NH,Erlanger BF

更新日期：1971-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:129/SvEv mice with a loss-of-function mutation in the heterotrimeric G protein α-subunit gene Gnai3 have fusions of ribs and lumbar vertebrae, indicating a requirement for Gα(i) (the "inhibitory" class of α-subunits) in somite derivatives. Mice with mutations of Gnai1 or Gnai2 have neither defect, but loss of both Gna...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Plummer NW,Spicher K,Malphurs J,Akiyama H,Abramowitz J,Nürnberg B,Birnbaumer L

更新日期：2012-12-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The F-box represents a protein motif originally identified as a conserved amino-terminal domain within the Neurospora crassa negative regulator sulfur controller-2. Recently, F-boxes have been found within a number of cell cycle regulatory proteins, where they mediate ubiquitin-driven proteolytic events required for m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kumar A,Paietta JV

更新日期：1998-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) gene responsible for von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis is related to regulators of ras proteins, and a portion of NF1 that is homologous to the ras GTPase-activating protein (GAP) encodes a similar GTPase-stimulating activity. We have raised rabbit antisera to a bacterially synthe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： DeClue JE,Cohen BD,Lowy DR

更新日期：1991-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The U.S. case against Iran is based on Iran's deceptions regarding nuclear weapons development. This case is buttressed by assertions that a state so petroleum-rich cannot need nuclear power to preserve exports, as Iran claims. The U.S. infers, therefore, that Iran's entire nuclear technology program must pertain to w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stern R

更新日期：2007-01-02 00:00:00