Meiosis in Phycomyces.

abstract：:Linkage disequilibrium between polymorphisms in a natural population may result from various evolutionary forces, including random genetic drift due to sampling of gametes during reproduction, restricted migration between subpopulations in a subdivided population, or epistatic selection. In this report, we present evi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kirby DA,Muse SV,Stephan W

更新日期：1995-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Vanadyl sulfate and sodium orthovanadate in the concentration range between 5 and 50 microM are shown to be mitogenic for quiescent cultures of Swiss mouse 3T3 and 3T6 cells. The compounds caused a striking shift in the dose-response for the effect of serum on [3H]thymidine incorporation and DNA synthesis. In the abse...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smith JB

更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Conjugative relaxases are the proteins that initiate bacterial conjugation by a site-specific cleavage of the transferred DNA strand. In vitro, they show strand-transferase activity on single-stranded DNA, which suggests they may also be responsible for recircularization of the transferred DNA. In this work, we show t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Draper O,César CE,Machón C,de la Cruz F,Llosa M

更新日期：2005-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The action of calmodulin (CaM) on target proteins is important for a variety of cellular functions. We demonstrate here, however, that the presence of a CaM-binding site on a protein does not necessarily imply a functional effect. The alpha-subunit of the cGMP-gated cation channel of human retinal cones has a CaM-bind...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Grunwald ME,Zhong H,Lai J,Yau KW

更新日期：1999-11-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The autoimmune dermatologic disease pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is associated with the HLA serotypes DR4 and DRw6. Susceptibility to PV could be conferred either by sequences shared between the DR4 and DRw6 haplotypes or by different sequences in these haplotypes. We have examined the distribution of DR and DQ beta-chain ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Scharf SJ,Friedmann A,Brautbar C,Szafer F,Steinman L,Horn G,Gyllensten U,Erlich HA

更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insight regarding how diverse enzymatic functions and reactions have evolved from ancestral scaffolds is fundamental to understanding chemical and evolutionary biology, and for the exploitation of enzymes for biotechnology. We undertook an extensive computational analysis using a unique and comprehensive combination o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Akiva E,Copp JN,Tokuriki N,Babbitt PC

更新日期：2017-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:We have developed an in vivo system to engender supercoiled "minicircle" DNA containing a single promoter by using the integrative recombination system of bacteriophage lambda. The resulting minicircle templates allow quantitative analysis of the stages of transcription initiation from a promoter, including synthesis ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Choy HE,Adhya S

更新日期：1993-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:To explore the pathogenic mechanism of dominant mutations affecting the carboxyl terminus of rhodopsin that cause retinitis pigmentosa, we generated five lines of transgenic mice carrying the proline-347 to serine (P347S) mutation. The severity of photoreceptor degeneration correlated with the levels of transgene expr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li T,Snyder WK,Olsson JE,Dryja TP

更新日期：1996-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The trilaminate vascular architecture provides biochemical regulation and mechanical integrity. Yet regulatory control can be regained after injury without recapitulating tertiary structure. Tissue-engineered (TE) endothelium controls repair even when placed in the perivascular space of injured vessels. It remains unc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zani BG,Kojima K,Vacanti CA,Edelman ER

更新日期：2008-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibody-coated latex beads (Ab-beads) were attached to Leptospira interrogans serovars illini 3055 and icterohaemorrhagiae SC1157. The movement of the Ab-beads relative to the motion of the cells was observed by direct darkfield microscopy or was recorded on videotape. When the Ab-beads were attached to the front end...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Charon NW,Lawrence CW,O'Brien S

更新日期：1981-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Marine Archaea are important players among microbial plankton and significantly contribute to biogeochemical cycles, but details regarding their community structure and long-term seasonal activity and dynamics remain largely unexplored. In this study, we monitored the interannual archaeal community composition of abun...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hugoni M,Taib N,Debroas D,Domaizon I,Jouan Dufournel I,Bronner G,Salter I,Agogué H,Mary I,Galand PE

更新日期：2013-04-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Facial expressions of emotion in humans are believed to be produced by contracting one's facial muscles, generally called action units. However, the surface of the face is also innervated with a large network of blood vessels. Blood flow variations in these vessels yield visible color changes on the face. Here, we stu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Benitez-Quiroz CF,Srinivasan R,Martinez AM

更新日期：2018-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Fanconi anemia (FA) is a recessive disorder characterized by congenital abnormalities, progressive bone-marrow failure, and cancer susceptibility. Cells from FA patients are hypersensitive to agents that produce DNA crosslinks and, after treatment with these agents, have pronounced chromosome breakage and other cytoge...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nakanishi K,Yang YG,Pierce AJ,Taniguchi T,Digweed M,D'Andrea AD,Wang ZQ,Jasin M

更新日期：2005-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:L-2-hydroxyglutarate (L-2HG) has emerged as a putative oncometabolite that is capable of inhibiting enzymes involved in metabolism, chromatin modification, and cell differentiation. However, despite the ability of L-2HG to interfere with a broad range of cellular processes, this molecule is often characterized as a me...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li H,Chawla G,Hurlburt AJ,Sterrett MC,Zaslaver O,Cox J,Karty JA,Rosebrock AP,Caudy AA,Tennessen JM

更新日期：2017-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcription factor TFIID consists of TATA binding protein (TBP) and at least eight TBP-associated factors (TAFs). As TAFs are required for activated but not basal transcription, we have proposed that TAFs act as coactivators to mediate signals between activators and the basal transcription machinery. Here we report ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Klemm RD,Goodrich JA,Zhou S,Tjian R

更新日期：1995-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:We have found that three Escherichia coli heat shock proteins, DnaK (the hsp70 homolog), DnaJ, and GrpE, function in oriP1 DNA replication in vitro solely to activate DNA binding by the replication initiator protein RepA. Activation results from the conversion of P1 or P7 RepA dimers to monomers that bind with high af...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wickner S,Skowyra D,Hoskins J,McKenney K

更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reduced serum testosterone (T), or hypogonadism, affects millions of men and is associated with many pathologies, including infertility, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, and decreased libido and sexual function. Administering T-replacement therapy (TRT) reverses many of the symptoms associated with low T l...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li L,Li Y,Sottas C,Culty M,Fan J,Hu Y,Cheung G,Chemes HE,Papadopoulos V

更新日期：2019-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Replication of HIV-1 and N-tropic murine leukemia virus (N-MLV) is restricted in a number of different primate cells. In some cell lines, cross-saturation experiments suggest that the two viruses are interacting with the same restriction factor. Recently, Trim5alpha protein from rhesus monkey was found to restrict HIV...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yap MW,Nisole S,Lynch C,Stoye JP

更新日期：2004-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well known that far fewer men than women enroll in tertiary education in the United States and other Western nations. Developed nations vary in the degree to which men are underrepresented, but the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) average lies around 45% male students. We use data fr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stoet G,Geary DC

更新日期：2020-06-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytological preparations of interphase nuclei and chromosomes from mouse 3T6 cells prepared at various times after infection with the murine sarcomaleukemia virus complex were hybridized with the [(3)H]DNA product of the viral RNA-directed DNA polymerase. While uninfected nuclei had an average of 4 autoradiographic gr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Loni MC,Green M

更新日期：1974-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Concepts and methods [Karlin, S. & Ghandour, G. (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82, 5800-5804] for the analysis of patterns and relationships are extended to multiple DNA and protein sequences. Functionals include multiple sequence common word occurrence distributions, characterizations of high frequency shared word...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Karlin S,Ghandour G

更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Strength and other mechanical properties of cement and concrete rely upon the formation of calcium-silicate-hydrates (C-S-H) during cement hydration. Controlling structure and properties of the C-S-H phase is a challenge, due to the complexity of this hydration product and of the mechanisms that drive its precipitatio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ioannidou K,Krakowiak KJ,Bauchy M,Hoover CG,Masoero E,Yip S,Ulm FJ,Levitz P,Pellenq RJ,Del Gado E

更新日期：2016-02-23 00:00:00

abstract：:During latent infection of humans with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, bacteria persist in the asymptomatic host within granulomas, organized collections of differentiated macrophages, and other immune cells. The mechanisms for persistence remain poorly understood, as is the metabolic and replicative state of the microbes...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chan K,Knaak T,Satkamp L,Humbert O,Falkow S,Ramakrishnan L

更新日期：2002-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Domestic animals can be cloned using techniques such as embryo splitting and nuclear transfer to produce genetically identical individuals. Although embryo splitting is limited to the production of only a few identical individuals, nuclear transfer of donor nuclei into recipient oocytes, whose own nuclear DNA has been...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Keefer CL

更新日期：2015-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The binding of small molecules to distinctive three-dimensional structures in mRNA provides a new dimension in RNA control, previously limited to the targeting of secondary structures with antisense and RNA interference; such targeting can modulate mRNA function and rates of protein biosynthesis. Small molecules that ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tibodeau JD,Fox PM,Ropp PA,Theil EC,Thorp HH

更新日期：2006-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanism of the proline-catalyzed aldol reaction has stimulated considerable debate, and despite limited experimental data, at least five different mechanisms have been proposed. Complementary to recent theoretical studies we have initiated an experimental program with the goal of clarifying some of the basic mec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： List B,Hoang L,Martin HJ

更新日期：2004-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytogenetic analysis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells has accelerated the identification of genes important for AML pathogenesis. To complement cytogenetic studies and to identify genes altered in AML genomes, we performed genome-wide copy number analysis with paired normal and tumor DNA obtained from 86 adult pa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Walter MJ,Payton JE,Ries RE,Shannon WD,Deshmukh H,Zhao Y,Baty J,Heath S,Westervelt P,Watson MA,Tomasson MH,Nagarajan R,O'Gara BP,Bloomfield CD,Mrózek K,Selzer RR,Richmond TA,Kitzman J,Geoghegan J,Eis PS,Maupin R,

更新日期：2009-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteriophage display of antibodies provides a method for the generation of immunological reagents against rare and uncharacterized antigens. To ascertain the usefulness of this approach for the characterization of inner-ear proteins, we produced a bacteriophage-displayed antibody-fragment library directed against pro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cyr JL,Hudspeth AJ

更新日期：2000-02-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The anti-hapten responses to the dinitrophenyl (Dnp) conjugate of the random linear terpolymers poly(L-Glu,LLys,LPhe), GLphi, or poly(LGlu,LLys,LAla), GLA, are of highly restricted heterogeneity. Thus, individual mice of most responder strains express an average of two to four anti-Dnp clones to Dnp-GLphi or Dnp-GLA, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kipps TJ,Benacerraf B,Dorf ME

更新日期：1978-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:IL-17-producing CD4(+) T helper (Th17) cells have recently been defined as a unique subset of proinflammatory helper cells whose development depends on signaling initiated by IL-6 and TGF-beta, autocrine activity of IL-21, activation of STAT3, and induction of the orphan nuclear receptor RORgammat. The maintenance, ex...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Voo KS,Wang YH,Santori FR,Boggiano C,Wang YH,Arima K,Bover L,Hanabuchi S,Khalili J,Marinova E,Zheng B,Littman DR,Liu YJ

更新日期：2009-03-24 00:00:00