Maintenance of pre-mRNA secondary structure by epistatic selection.

abstract：:The detrimental effects of elevated intensities of mid-UV radiation (UVB), a result of stratospheric ozone depletion during the austral spring, on the primary producers of the Antarctic marine ecosystem have been well documented. Here we report that natural populations of Antarctic zooplankton also sustain significant...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Malloy KD,Holman MA,Mitchell D,Detrich HW 3rd

更新日期：1997-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:13C-labeled precorrin-6x is biosynthesized by cell-free protein preparations from Pseudomonas denitrificans in separate experiments using delta-amino[5-13C]levulinic acid and the corresponding delta-amino[4-13C]- and delta-amino[3-13C]levulinic acid-labeled forms in conjunction with S-[methyl-13C]adenosylmethionine fo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Thibaut D,Blanche F,Debussche L,Leeper FJ,Battersby AR

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Crystals of myosin subfragment 1 from avian skeletal muscle have been grown reproducibly. They diffract x-rays to at least 4.5-A resolution. The subfragment 1 crystallizes in space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) where a = 107 A, b = 117 A, and c = 278 A. The cell dimensions and intensity distribution on x-ray diffraction photogr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rayment I,Winkelmann DA

更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Changes in climate during the 20th century differ from region to region across the United States. We provide strong evidence that spatial variations in US temperature trends are linked to the hydrologic cycle, and we also present unique information on the seasonal and latitudinal structure of the linkage. We show that...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Portmann RW,Solomon S,Hegerl GC

更新日期：2009-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (2-methylmalonyl-CoA CoA-carbonylmutase, EC 5.4.99.2) is a mitochondrial enzyme whose deficiency in man leads to several biochemically and clinically heterogenous++ forms of methylmalonic acidemia. Intact fibroblasts from 21 patients with mutase apoenzyme deficiency have been pulse-labeled wit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fenton WA,Hack AM,Kraus JP,Rosenberg LE

更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fluorescent bisretinoids, such as A2E and all-trans-retinal dimer, form as a by-product of vitamin A cycling in retina and accumulate in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells as lipofuscin pigments. These pigments are implicated in pathological mechanisms involved in several vision-threatening diseases including age-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wu Y,Yanase E,Feng X,Siegel MM,Sparrow JR

更新日期：2010-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Many important hominid-bearing fossil localities in East Africa are in regions that are extremely hot and dry. Although humans are well adapted to such conditions, it has been inferred that East African environments were cooler or more wooded during the Pliocene and Pleistocene when this region was a central stage of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Passey BH,Levin NE,Cerling TE,Brown FH,Eiler JM

更新日期：2010-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：:We have used a soluble in vitro RNA polymerase II transcription system to define the site of initiation of Moloney murine leukemia viral RNA synthesis. Molecularly cloned integrated and unintegrated Moloney murine leukemia virus DNAs were used as templates. The 5' ends of in vitro transcripts and virion RNA of Moloney...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fuhrman SA,Van Beveren C,Verma IM

更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Targeting neuroendocrine tumors expressing somatostatin receptor subtypes (sst) with radiolabeled somatostatin agonists is an established diagnostic and therapeutic approach in oncology. While agonists readily internalize into tumor cells, permitting accumulation of radioactivity, radiolabeled antagonists do not, and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ginj M,Zhang H,Waser B,Cescato R,Wild D,Wang X,Erchegyi J,Rivier J,Mäcke HR,Reubi JC

更新日期：2006-10-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Given a collection L of n points on a sphere [Formula: see text] of surface area n, a fair allocation is a partition of the sphere into n parts each of area 1, and each is associated with a distinct point of L. We show that, if the n points are chosen uniformly at random and if the partition is defined by a certain "g...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Holden N,Peres Y,Zhai A

更新日期：2018-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied the expression of simian virus 40 (SV40) specific tumor antigen (T-antigen) and viral RNA in SV40-transformed mouse 3T3 cells that are temperature-sensitive for the expression of the transformed phenotype (ts SV3T3). Although transformed by wild-type SV40, ts SV3T3 cells at 32 degrees behave like stand...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Basilico C,Zouzias D

更新日期：1976-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The lactose-H+ symport protein (LacS) of Streptococcus thermophilus has a C-terminal hydrophilic domain that is homologous to IIA protein(s) domains of the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS). C-terminal truncation mutants were constructed and expressed in Escherichia coli and their properties we...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Poolman B,Knol J,Mollet B,Nieuwenhuis B,Sulter G

更新日期：1995-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:We report here that during a permanent cardiac arrest, rodent brain tissue is "physiologically" preserved in situ in a particular quiescent state. This state is characterized by the absence of electrical activity and by a critical period of 5-6 hr during which brain tissue can be reactivated upon restoration of a simp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Charpak S,Audinat E

更新日期：1998-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Human PC4 and the yeast ortholog Sub1 have multiple functions in RNA polymerase II transcription. Genome-wide mapping revealed that Sub1 is present on Pol III-transcribed genes. Sub1 was found to interact with components of the Pol III transcription system and to stimulate the initiation and reinitiation steps in a sy...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tavenet A,Suleau A,Dubreuil G,Ferrari R,Ducrot C,Michaut M,Aude JC,Dieci G,Lefebvre O,Conesa C,Acker J

更新日期：2009-08-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Diphtheria toxin ( DTx ) is an extremely potent inhibitor of protein synthesis. It is secreted as a linear polypeptide, which is cleaved to produce disulfide-linked A and B fragments. Fragment A, the inhibitor of protein synthesis, requires fragment B, the recognition subunit, for entry into intact cells. Fragment B h...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zalman LS,Wisnieski BJ

更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibiotic resistance in clinically important bacteria can be mediated by target protection mechanisms, whereby a protein binds to the drug target and protects it from the inhibitory effects of the antibiotic. The most prevalent source of clinical resistance to the antibiotic fusidic acid (FA) is expression of the Fus...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tomlinson JH,Kalverda AP,Calabrese AN

更新日期：2020-10-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Cdc20/fizzy family proteins are involved in activation of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome, which catalyzes the ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis of cell cycle regulatory proteins such as anaphase inhibitors and mitotic cyclins, leading to chromosome segregation and exit from mitosis. Previous work has shown tha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Farruggio DC,Townsley FM,Ruderman JV

更新日期：1999-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：:We previously reported that laminar flow activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) in vascular endothelial cells in a ligand-dependent manner that involves phospholipase A2 and cytochrome P450 epoxygenases. In this study, we investigated whether epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), the cataly...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu Y,Zhang Y,Schmelzer K,Lee TS,Fang X,Zhu Y,Spector AA,Gill S,Morisseau C,Hammock BD,Shyy JY

更新日期：2005-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the morphological hallmarks of terminally differentiated secretory cells is highly proliferated membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but the molecular basis for the high rate of protein biosynthesis in these cells remains poorly documented. An important aspect of ER translational control is the mol...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ueno T,Taga Y,Yoshimoto R,Mayeda A,Hattori S,Ogawa-Goto K

更新日期：2019-05-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The origin of plant chemical ecology generally dates to the late 1950s, when evolutionary entomologists recognized the essential role of plant secondary metabolites in plant-insect interactions and suggested that plant chemical diversity evolved under the selection pressure of herbivory. However, similar ideas had alr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hartmann T

更新日期：2008-03-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite extensive studies, the structural basis for the mechanochemical coupling in the rotary molecular motor F1-ATPase (F1) is still incomplete. We performed single-molecule FRET measurements to monitor conformational changes in the stator ring-α3β3, while simultaneously monitoring rotations of the central shaft-γ. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sugawa M,Okazaki K,Kobayashi M,Matsui T,Hummer G,Masaike T,Nishizaka T

更新日期：2016-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells are nonequilibrium systems that exchange matter and energy with the environment to sustain their metabolic needs. The nonequilibrium nature of this system presents considerable challenges to developing a general theory describing its behavior; however, when studied at appropriate spatiotemporal scales, the behav...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chang AY,Marshall WF

更新日期：2019-10-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The mouse genes encoding the constitutively expressed complement component C4 and its closely related isoform C4-Slp (sex-limited protein), which is expressed only in male animals of several strains, provide a unique model to study sequence elements and trans-acting factors responsible for androgen responsiveness. Our...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Varin-Blank N,Dondi E,Tosi M,Hernandez C,Boucontet L,Gotoh H,Shiroishi T,Moriwaki K,Meo T

更新日期：1998-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Stem cells divide and differentiate to form all of the specialized cell types in a multicellular organism. In the Arabidopsis root, stem cells are maintained in an undifferentiated state by a less mitotically active population of cells called the quiescent center (QC). Determining how the QC regulates the surrounding ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Clark NM,Fisher AP,Berckmans B,Van den Broeck L,Nelson EC,Nguyen TT,Bustillo-Avendaño E,Zebell SG,Moreno-Risueno MA,Simon R,Gallagher KL,Sozzani R

更新日期：2020-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Sustained activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) -type glutamate receptors leads to excitotoxic neuronal death in stroke, brain trauma, and neurodegenerative disorders. Superoxide production by NADPH oxidase is a requisite event in the process leading from NMDA receptor activation to excitotoxic death. NADPH oxidas...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lam TI,Brennan-Minnella AM,Won SJ,Shen Y,Hefner C,Shi Y,Sun D,Swanson RA

更新日期：2013-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats were raised after weaning on a vitamin D-deficient diet which used whole wheat and casein as the major protein source. For at least the first year of life, plasma calcium concentrations of these rats were the same as those of vitamin D-replete rats, and the rate of growth was normal for at least 6 months. The fol...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lester GE,VanderWiel CJ,Gray TK,Talmage RV

更新日期：1982-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We used positron emission tomography (PET) to examine the role of the hippocampal formation in implicit and explicit memory. Human volunteers studied a list of familiar words, and then they either provided the first word that came to mind in response to three-letter cues (implicit memory) or tried to recall studied wo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schacter DL,Alpert NM,Savage CR,Rauch SL,Albert MS

更新日期：1996-01-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS; EC 4.4.1.14), catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the ethylene biosynthetic pathway in plants. The Arabidopsis genome encodes nine ACS polypeptides that form eight functional (ACS2, ACS4-9, ACS11) and one nonfunctional (ACS1) ho...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tsuchisaka A,Theologis A

更新日期：2004-02-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The formation of amyloid-like aggregates by expanded polyglutamine (polyGln) sequences is suspected to play a critical role in the neuropathology of Huntington's disease and other expanded CAG-repeat diseases. To probe the folding of the polyGln sequence in the aggregate, we replaced Gln-Gln pairs at different sequenc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Thakur AK,Wetzel R

更新日期：2002-12-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Puf proteins bind RNA sequence specifically and regulate translation and stability of target mRNAs. A "code" for RNA recognition has been deduced from crystal structures of the Puf protein, human Pumilio1, where each of eight repeats binds an RNA base via a combination of three side chains at conserved positions. Here...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cheong CG,Hall TM

更新日期：2006-09-12 00:00:00