Abstract:
:Bacteriophage display of antibodies provides a method for the generation of immunological reagents against rare and uncharacterized antigens. To ascertain the usefulness of this approach for the characterization of inner-ear proteins, we produced a bacteriophage-displayed antibody-fragment library directed against proteins from the bullfrog's sacculus. This library was probed for bacteriophage that bound to proteins present in a lysate of hair cells, the sensory receptors of the inner ear. The predominant bacteriophage clone after selection expressed an antibody fragment that recognized a single protein in the inner ear. This antigen occurred in both the nonsensory and sensory epithelia of the sacculus. The specificity of the antibody fragment indicates that our bacteriophage-displayed library provides a useful source of immunological tools that should facilitate the identification and biochemical characterization of novel proteins in the inner ear.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Cyr JL,Hudspeth AJdoi
10.1073/pnas.030535797keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-02-29 00:00:00pages
2276-81issue
5eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490pii
030535797journal_volume
97pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Eukaryotic cells irradiated with high doses of UV exhibit cell-cycle responses referred to as G(1)/S, intraS, and G(2)/M checkpoints. After a moderate UV dose that approximates sunlight exposure and is lethal to fission yeast checkpoint mutants, we found unexpectedly that these cell-cycle responses do not occur. Inste...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0607343103
更新日期:2006-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a cytokine that acts on various cell types. Here we show that IL-6 mRNA is produced in vivo in two self-limiting physiologic angiogenic processes: (i) the formation of the vascular system accompanying development of ovarian follicles and (ii) the formation of a capillary network in the maternal...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.8.3092
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing evidence suggests that amyloid polymorphism gives rise to different strains of amyloids with distinct toxicities and pathology-spreading properties. Validating this hypothesis is challenging due to a lack of tools and methods that allow for the direct characterization of amyloid polymorphism in hydrated and...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1916176117
更新日期:2020-03-24 00:00:00
abstract::The capsids of neurotropic herpesviruses have the remarkable ability to move in specific directions within axons. By modulating bidirectional capsid transport to favor either retrograde (minus-end) or anterograde (plus-end) motion, these viruses travel to sensory ganglia or peripheral tissue at specific stages of infe...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0500803102
更新日期:2005-04-19 00:00:00
abstract::Tobacco mosaic virus and turnip yellow mosaic virus genome RNAs, which have long (greater than or equal to 69 nucleotides) 5'-terminal leader sequences preceding the AUG initiation codon, can form disome initiation complexes when incubated with a wheat germ extract and sparsomycin. In tobacco mosaic virus RNA, whereas...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.7.3111
更新日期:1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::G protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels are critical regulators of neuronal excitability and can be directly activated by ethanol. Constitutive deletion of the GIRK3 subunit has minimal phenotypic consequences, except in response to drugs of abuse. Here we investigated how the GIRK3 subunit contr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1416146112
更新日期:2015-06-02 00:00:00
abstract::Nitric oxide (NO) mediates several biological actions, including relaxation of blood vessels, cytotoxicity of activated macrophages, and formation of cGMP by activation of glutamate receptors in cerebellar slices. Nitric oxide synthase (EC 1.14.23.-) immunoreactivity is colocalized with nicotinamide adenine di-nucleot...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.14.6368
更新日期:1991-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::We derive more than 80 embeddings of 2D hyperbolic honeycombs in Euclidean 3 space, forming 3-periodic infinite polyhedra with cubic symmetry. All embeddings are "minimally frustrated," formed by removing just enough isometries of the (regular, but unphysical) 2D hyperbolic honeycombs [Formula: see text], [Formula: se...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1720307115
更新日期:2018-07-03 00:00:00
abstract::Human gene MAGE-1 encodes tumor-specific antigens that are recognized on melanoma cells by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes. This gene is expressed in a significant proportion of tumors of various histological types, but not in normal tissues except male germ-line cells. We reported previously that reporter genes dr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.14.7149
更新日期:1996-07-09 00:00:00
abstract::Aspartate transcarbamoylase (EC 2.1.3.2) from Escherichia coli contains six zinc ions per molecule. Renaturation studies of this allosteric enzyme and its isolated subunits show that the metal binding site is in the regulatory polypeptide chain. Ultraviolet difference spectra of the cadmium and zinc derivatives have b...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.68.5.1019
更新日期:1971-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Actin purified from mouse fibroblasts by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis was used as antigen to obtain an antibody in rabbits. The elicited antibody was shown to be specific for actin as judged by immunodiffusion and complement fixation against partially purified mouse fibroblast actin and highly purified c...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.71.6.2268
更新日期:1974-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms that cause aging are not well understood. The oxidative stress hypothesis proposes that the changes associated with aging are a consequence of random oxidative damage to biomolecules. We hypothesized that oxidation of specific proteins is critical in controlling the rate of the aging process. Utilizing ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.21.11168
更新日期:1997-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::Poly([14C]adenosine diphosphate ribose) was synthesized from [14C]NAD+ with calf thymus nuclei. The fraction containing poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) eluted with 0.22--0.40 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) from a hydroxylapatite column, was completely hydrolyzed with venom phosphodiesterase, and was separated by DEAE-...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.2.595
更新日期:1979-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was found to increase the adherence of purified peripheral blood monocytes to plastic surfaces and to monolayers of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. With plastic surfaces as a model 9-hr culture with GM-CSF was necessary for enhancement...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.18.7169
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individuals with higher educational attainment live healthier and longer lives. However, not everyone benefits equally from higher education. In particular, the black-white gap in life expectancy is greater at higher levels of educational attainment. Furthermore, recent research suggests that disadvantaged African Ame...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1714616114
更新日期:2018-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::The hallmark of the menstrual cycle is extensive steroid-dependent tissue turnover. Estrogen mediates endometrial cell growth and structural remodeling, whereas progesterone suppresses estrogen-dependent proliferation and promotes cellular differentiation. In nonfertile cycles, tissue degradation and menstruation occu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.21.10129
更新日期:1994-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::A fundamental aspect of climate change is the potential shifts in flowering phenology and pollen initiation associated with milder winters and warmer seasonal air temperature. Earlier floral anthesis has been suggested, in turn, to have a role in human disease by increasing time of exposure to pollen that causes aller...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1014107108
更新日期:2011-03-08 00:00:00
abstract::Small noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs) can contribute to cancer development and progression and are differentially expressed in normal tissues and cancers. From a large-scale miRnome analysis on 540 samples including lung, breast, stomach, prostate, colon, and pancreatic tumors, we identified a solid cancer miRNA signatur...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0510565103
更新日期:2006-02-14 00:00:00
abstract::Through rapid genetic adaptation and natural selection, the Plasmodium falciparum parasite--the deadliest of those that cause malaria--is able to develop resistance to antimalarial drugs, thwarting present efforts to control it. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) provide a critical hypothesis-generating tool for u...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1210585109
更新日期:2012-08-07 00:00:00
abstract::Rat thoracic aortic smooth muscle cells (line A10, ATCC CRL 1476) display a high density of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) receptors. ANF stimulated the accumulation of cGMP in these cells in a time- and dose-dependent fashion. These cells are known to display a high density of vasopressin receptors of the vascular V...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.22.8492
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relative abundance of individual proteins shared among clones of lymphocytes provides a meaningful basis for cellular classification. Twelve clones of T cells (obtained by limiting dilution) were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis for polypeptide content and then evaluated by the computational techniq...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.10.3565
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Argonaute (Ago) proteins are the key component of the RNA-induced silencing complex and mediate RNA interference (RNAi) in association with small RNAs. Although overall the mechanism of RNAi is well understood, many molecular details of this complex process are not. Here we report about in-depth steady-state and, in p...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1217838110
更新日期:2013-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in nuclear K+ electrochemical activity and total nuclear K+ content in salivary glands of Chironomus tentans were measured with ion-selective microelectrodes based on valinomycin and with flameless atomic absorption spectrometry, respectively. The K+ activity increased by a factor of 2.6 and the total K+, by a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.2.806
更新日期:1979-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Partial, unilateral nigrostriatal lesions of varying severity were produced in rats by injecting graded doses of 6-hydroxydopamine into the substantia nigra. Formation of the dopamine metabolites dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and homovanillic acid in each surviving nigrostriatal neuron (estimated by the ratios of dihydro...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.77.7.4305
更新日期:1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI 3-kinases) have been implicated in membrane trafficking in the secretory and endocytic pathways of yeast and mammalian cells, but the molecular mechanisms by which these lipid kinases operate are not known. Here we identify a protein of 170 kDa that is rapidly released from cell memb...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.14.7326
更新日期:1997-07-08 00:00:00
abstract::Regional differences in neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia exist in the brain during health, and regional differences in the transcriptome may occur for each cell type during neurodegeneration. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is multifocal, and regional differences in the astrocyte transcriptome occur in exp...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1821306116
更新日期:2019-05-14 00:00:00
abstract::How olfactory sensory neurons converge on spatially invariant glomeruli in the olfactory bulb is largely unknown. In one model, olfactory sensory neurons interact with spatially restricted guidance cues in the bulb that orient and guide them to their target. Identifying differentially expressed molecules in the olfact...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0404872101
更新日期:2004-08-24 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that requires preexisiting epithelial injury to cause acute infections. We report that P. aeruginosa inhibits mammalian cytokinesis in a type III secretion system and exotoxin T (ExoT)-dependent manner. ExoT is a bifunctional type III secretion system effector protei...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0605949103
更新日期:2006-10-17 00:00:00
abstract::Irrigation of the dog's oxyntic glandular mucosa contained in a chronically prepared, vagally denervated, separated pouch of the dog's stomach with a solution (0.5 mg ml-1) of lyophilized venom of the hooded cobra (Naja naja) increases the permeability of the mucosa. If irrigation with venom solution is repeated at we...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.73.3.968
更新日期:1976-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple protocol for the rescue of a synthetic genome into a paramyxovirus has been developed. First, a synthetic Sendai virus-like RNA, containing the antisense coding region of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene replacing the coding region of the Sendai virus genome, was transcribed from a cDNA. When introd...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.13.5537
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00