Abstract:
:We present an overview of the types of imaging experiments that can be performed on psychologically impaired patients. The critical observation from such studies is a differential pattern of activation in the patients and normals. Underactivity is interpretable only when the patients make normal responses. In this context, a failure to activate a component region of the normal system implies that this region was not necessary for task performance. Overactivity indicates either cognitive or neuronal reorganisation. Neuronal reorganisation is indicated only if the patient performs the task using the same set of cognitive operations as normal subjects. Cognitive reorganisation can be demonstrated if the same activation pattern is elicited by normals when they are co-erced into using the same cognitive implementation as the patient. We conclude that the interpretation of neuroimaging studies of psychologically impaired patients depends on intact task performance and a detailed task analysis. When these criteria are met, patient studies can be used to identify: (1) necessary and sufficient brain systems, (2) dysfunction at sites distant to damage, (3) peri-damage activation, and (4) compensation either at a neuronal level when pre-existing cognitive strategies are re-instantiated using duplicated neuronal systems (degeneracy), or at a cognitive level when alternative cognitive strategies (and their corresponding brain systems) are adopted.
journal_name
Hum Brain Mappjournal_title
Human brain mappingauthors
Price CJ,Friston KJdoi
10.1002/(sici)1097-0193(1999)8:2/3<102::aid-hbm6>3keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-01-01 00:00:00pages
102-8issue
2-3eissn
1065-9471issn
1097-0193pii
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0193(1999)8:2/3<102::AID-HBM6>3journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Much of the literature exploring differences between intrinsic and task-evoked brain architectures has examined changes in functional connectivity patterns between specific brain regions. While informative, this approach overlooks important overall functional changes in hub organization and network topology that may p...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.23500
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate the function-structure relationship of white matter within different stages of Huntington's disease (HD) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN:From the TRACK-HD study, an early stage HD group and a premanifest gene carrier group (PMGC) were age-matched to two healthy contr...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.21205
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent evidence suggests that deficits of working memory may be a promising neurocognitive endophenotype of bipolar affective disorder. However, little is known about the neurobiological correlates of these deficits. The aim of this study was to determine possible pathophysiological trait markers of bipolar disorder i...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.20849
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Altered serotonergic neurotransmission has been found to cause impulsive and aggressive behavior, as well as increased motor activity, all exemplifying key symptoms of ADHD. The main objectives of this positron emission tomography (PET) study were to investigate the serotonin transporter binding potential (SERT BPND )...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.23418
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous studies suggest that interhemispheric inhibition-relayed via the corpus callosum-plays an important role in unilateral hand motions. Interestingly, transcallosal inhibition appears to be indicative of a strong laterality effect, where generally the dominant hemisphere exerts inhibition on the nondominant one....
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.22060
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Baseline activity of resting state brain networks (RSN) in a resting subject has become one of the fastest growing research topics in neuroimaging. It has been shown that up to 12 RSNs can be differentiated using an independent component analysis (ICA) of the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) resting state data. In ...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.20813
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Estimates of visual field topographies in human visual cortex obtained through fMRI traveling wave techniques usually provide the parameters of population receptive field (pRF) location (polar angle, eccentricity) and receptive field size. These parameters are obtained by fitting the recorded data to a standard model ...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.24015
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Recovery of independent ambulation after stroke is a major goal. However, which rehabilitation regimen best benefits each individual is unknown and decisions are currently made on a subjective basis. Predictors of response to specific therapies would guide the type of therapy most appropriate for each patien...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/hbm.23059
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A theoretical framework supporting experimental measures of dynamic properties of human EEG is proposed with emphasis on distinct alpha rhythms. Robust relationships between measured dynamics and cognitive or behavioral conditions are reviewed, and proposed physiological bases for EEG at cellular levels are considered...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/hbm.1030
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coordinate-based, voxel-wise meta-analysis is an exciting recent addition to the human functional brain mapping literature. In view of the critical importance of selection criteria for any valid meta-analysis, a taxonomy of experimental design should be an important tool for aiding in the design of rigorous meta-analy...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.20141
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Action observation leads to the automatic activation of the corresponding motor representation in the observer through "mirror-matching." This constitutes a "shared representational system," which is thought to subserve social understanding by motor simulation. However, it is unclear how these shared representations c...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.20800
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research using the Stop Signal Task employing an adaptive algorithm to accommodate individual differences often report inferior performance on the task in individuals with ADHD, OCD, and substance use disorders compared to non-clinical controls. Furthermore, individuals with deficits in inhibitory control tend to show...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.24075
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deficits in information processing speed (IPS) are among the earliest and most prominent cognitive manifestations in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). We investigated the impact of white matter fiber location on IPS outcome in an individual basis assessment. A total of 112 acute mild TBI with all CT negative underwe...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.25135
更新日期:2020-07-13 00:00:00
abstract::The luminance contrast of a visual stimulus is known to modulate the response properties of areas V1 and the human MT complex (hMT+), but has not been shown to modulate interactions between these two areas. We examined the direction of information transfer between V1/V2 and hMT+ at different stimulus contrasts by meas...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.20495
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of this study was to determine the linearity of the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response, as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), in category-selective regions of human visual cortex. We defined regions of the temporal lobe that were selective to faces (fusiform face area, FFA) an...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.20694
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Degeneration of the corpus callosum (CC) is evident in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the correlation of microstructural damage in the CC on the cognitive performance of patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and AD dementia is undetermined. We enrolled 26 normal controls, 24 p...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.22271
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vitamin D deficiency may exacerbate adverse neurocognitive outcomes in the progression of diseases such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and other dementias. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is prodromal for these neurocognitive disorders and neuroimaging studies suggest that, in the elderly, this cognitive impairment is a...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.24380
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with epilepsy are often able to predict seizure occurrence subsequent to an acute stress experience. However, neuroimaging investigations into the neural basis of this relationship or the potential influence of perceived life stress are limited. The current study assessed the relationship between perceived st...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.24606
更新日期:2019-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to examine pain perception in humans. Three types of noxious stimuli were presented: electric shock (20.8 mA, 2 Hz), heat (48 degrees C), and mechanical, as well as a control tactile stimulus. The significance of activation at the level of the...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ventromedial regions of the frontal lobe (vmFL) are thought to play a key role in decision-making and emotional regulation. However, aspects of this area's functional organization, including the presence of a multiple subregions, their functional and anatomical connectivity, and the cross-species homologies of these s...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.25014
更新日期:2020-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Low frequency theta band oscillations (4-8 Hz) are thought to provide a timing mechanism for hippocampal place cell firing and to mediate the formation of spatial memory. In rodents, hippocampal theta has been shown to play an important role in encoding a new environment during spatial navigation, but a similar functi...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.23458
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the cortical responses underlying magnitude comparisons of multisensory stimuli and examined the effect that musical expertise has in this process. The comparative judgments were based on a newly learned rule binding the auditory and visual stimuli within the context of magnitude comparisons: "...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.22558
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Free water elimination (FWE) in brain diffusion MRI has been shown to improve tissue specificity in human white matter characterization both in health and in disease. Relative to the classical diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) model, FWE is also expected to increase sensitivity to microstructural changes in longitudinal ...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1002/hbm.23350
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mental calculation is a complex mental procedure involving a frontoparietal network of brain regions. Functional MRI (fMRI) studies have revealed interesting characteristics of these regions, but the precise function of some areas remains elusive. In the present study, we used electrocorticographic (ECoG) recordings t...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.22593
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Irritability and nonviolent aggression are common behavioral features across the population, yet there is limited neurobiological research into subclinical phenotypes representing the lower edge of a symptom continuum ranging from slight irritability to criminal violence. We studied brain structural correlates of irri...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1002/hbm.23824
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reproducibility is one of the most important issues for generalizing the results of clinical research; however, low reproducibility in neuroimaging studies is well known. To overcome this problem, the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) consortium, an international neuroimaging consortium, e...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/hbm.25040
更新日期:2020-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::A subgroup of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients treated with dopaminergic therapy develop compulsive reward-driven behaviors, which can result in life-altering morbidity. The mesocorticolimbic dopamine network guides reward-motivated behavior; however, its role in this treatment-related behavioral phenotype is incompl...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.23860
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two new directions of functional connectivity investigation are emerging to advance studies of the brain's functional organization. First, the identification of task-related dynamics of functional connectivity has elicited a growing interest in characterizing the brain's functional reorganization due to task demands. ...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.22847
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adolescence is a time period associated with marked brain maturation that coincides with an enhanced risk for onset of psychiatric disorder. White matter tract myelination, a process that continues to unfold throughout adolescence, is reported to be abnormal in several psychiatric disorders. Here, we ask whether psych...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.24842
更新日期:2020-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::The human gustatory cortex analyzes the chemosensory properties of tastants, particularly the quality, intensity, and affective valence, to determine whether a perceived substance should be ingested or rejected. Among previous studies, the spatial distribution of taste intensity-related activations within the human in...
journal_title:Human brain mapping
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hbm.24621
更新日期:2019-08-15 00:00:00