Consideration of individual susceptibility in adverse pesticide effects.

abstract：:Kahweol, the coffee-specific diterpene, has been reported to have anti-carcinogenic properties. Animal data support such a chemopreventive effect of coffee. However, the precise underlying protective mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, the apoptotic effect of kahweol in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kim HG,Hwang YP,Jeong HG

更新日期：2009-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCB) plays a key role in maintaining copper (Cu) homeostasis in the brain. Cumulative evidences indicate that lead (Pb) exposure alters cerebral Cu homeostasis, which may underlie the development of neurodegenerative diseases. This study investigated the roles of Cu transporter 1...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Zheng G,Zhang J,Xu Y,Shen X,Song H,Jing J,Luo W,Zheng W,Chen J

更新日期：2014-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The U.S. EPA first signalled its intention to use benchmark dose risk techniques in 1991. Subsequently, publication of draft Guidelines for the Risk Assessment of Reproductive Toxicity data indicated the Agency's intention for wide use of the technique. In developmental toxicity experiments, a number of factors need t...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Foster PM,Auton TR

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hepatotoxic effects of the oral administration of a single dose of 50 mg dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)/kg and daily doses of 5 mg and 1 mg/kg, respectively, to cats and lizards were studied by light microscopy. Centrilobular necrosis was the main alteration detected in the liver of cats as in other animal species stud...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Maduagwu EN,Anosa VO

更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ochratoxin A (OTA) is one of the most frequent mycotoxins detected in human blood worldwide. Apart from its well known nephrotoxicity, OTA-induced teratogenicity and carcinogenicity proven in animals are potential effects also in humans. Pregnant women have been exposed to this food contaminant via dietary exposure in...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Woo CS,Partanen H,Myllynen P,Vähäkangas K,El-Nezami H

更新日期：2012-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Inorganic arsenic (As), the most toxic form of As found in water and food, is considered a human carcinogen. Numerous studies show its systemic toxicity, describing pathologies associated with chronic exposure. The main pathway of exposure to inorganic As is oral, but many of the events that occur during its passage t...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Chiocchetti GM,Vélez D,Devesa V

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cultured Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were incubated with dilutions of natural or synthetic crude oils and subsequently exposed to near ultraviolet light (NUV). Although the magnitude of photo-induced cytotoxicity in CHO was essentially independent of the source of the oil (within a factor of two), two shale oils...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Strniste GF,Bingham JM,Okinaka RT,Chen DJ

更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Results of health survey and biological monitoring in pesticide formulators exposed to a combination of pesticides, an organophosphorus (OP) insecticide (phorate) and a persistent chlorinated insecticide (technical hexachlorocyclohexane; HCH; BHC) are reported. Exposure of 160 workers to a combination of pesticides (m...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kashyap SK

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied the effects of chronic slight to moderate lead exposure on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in normotensive man. Plasma renin activity (PRA), blood angiotensin I (AI) concentration, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity and aldosterone concentration were measured in 33 normotensive men, ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Campbell BC,Meredith PA,Scott JJ

更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pneumotoxicity of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) applied to the skin of CD-1 mice was investigated and compared with that of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA). To 6 groups of 10 male mice and 10 female mice 0.1 ml of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) solutions containing 0, 5, 10, 20, or 30 mg of BHT or 30 mg of BHA were topicall...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Miyakawa Y,Takahashi M,Furukawa F,Toyoda K,Sato H,Hayashi Y

更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The changes in hepatic metallothionein (MT) and glutathione levels and cadmium distribution were investigated 72 hr after a subcutaneous administration of 1.5 mg Cd2+/kg as CdCl2H2O to normal and partially hepatectomized rats. Partial hepatectomy had no effect on native metallothionein content. Cadmium and MT content ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Asokan P

更新日期：1982-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzene is an occupational and environmental toxicant. The major health concern for humans is acute myelogenous leukemia. To exert its toxic effects, benzene must be metabolized by cytochrome P450 to phenol and subsequently to catechol and hydroquinone. Previous research has implicated CYP2E1 in the metabolism of phen...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Powley MW,Carlson GP

更新日期：2001-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The repeated use of the nerve agent sarin against civilians in Syria in 2013 emphasizes the continuing threat by chemical warfare agents. Multiple studies demonstrated a limited efficacy of standard atropine-oxime treatment in nerve agent poisoning and called for the development of alternative and more effective treat...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Worek F,Thiermann H,Wille T

更新日期：2016-02-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The oxidation of styrene to styrene oxide and the hydration of this metabolite to styrene glycol was investigated in hepatocytes, 9000 x g supernatant (S9) and the microsomal fraction from rat liver. Similar amounts of free styrene oxide were found in microsomes, hepatocytes and S9. However, on the basis of the format...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Belvedere G,Elovaara E,Vainio H

更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synthetic musks are present in fine fragrances, cosmetics, soaps and laundry detergents. One of the most important synthetic musks is 7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-naphthaline+ ++ (AHTN; annual production: about 1500 metric tons). An increasing number of studies show that AHTN accumulates in surfa...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Steinberg P,Fischer T,Arand M,Park E,Elmadfa I,Rimkus G,Brunn H,Dienes HP

更新日期：1999-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:An occupational health study was conducted on 45 acetone-exposed male workers in combination with 343 non-exposed men to examine the quantitative relationship between the intensity of acetone vapor exposure and the concentration of acetone in urine. The time-weighted average acetone concentrations were measured by mea...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kawai T,Yasugi T,Mizunuma K,Horiguchi S,Iguchi H,Ikeda M

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of zinc on the lipid components of carp erythrocytes (Cyprinus carpio L.) were studied on red blood cells exposed to ZnSO4 (0.01-1 mM) for 20 h. The temperatures of the incubation medium were 5 and 20 degrees C for carp collected in winter and summer, respectively. It was observed that increase in the conc...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Teresa G,Anna A,Maria P,Zofia J,Gerard B

更新日期：2002-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Anti-androgenic chemicals alter sexual differentiation by a variety of mechanisms, and the mechanisms between phthalate esters and p,p'-DDE are considered to be different. We performed an in utero through lactational exposure assay using dicyclohexyl phthalate and p,p'-DDE to investigate the sexual differentiation of ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Yamasaki K,Okuda H,Takeuchi T,Minobe Y

更新日期：2009-08-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The tissue redistribution of accumulated 2,3,7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) during infection was studied in adult male A/J mice using a common human virus coxsackievirus B3. Before infection (day 1), all mice were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 1 microCi 3H-TCDD, corresponding to 0.5 microg TCDD kg(-1...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Funseth E,Wicklund-Glynn A,Friman G,Ilbäck N

更新日期：2000-07-27 00:00:00

abstract：:An in vivo micronucleus assay using Balb/C male mice was used to examine antigenotoxic effects of cimetidine (CM) on benzene (BZN) induced genotoxic effects. CM not only has therapeutic and immunomudolatory role, but it has also been shown to protect bone marrow stem cells from radiation induced clastogenic effects. T...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Mozdarani H,Kamali S

更新日期：1998-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Human fetuses and neonates are particularly vulnerable to methylmercury (MeHg)-induced brain damage and are sensitive even to low exposure levels. Previous work of our group evidence that prenatal exposure to MeHg causes cognitive and behavioral alterations and disrupt hippocampus signaling. The current study aimed to...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Heimfarth L,Delgado J,Mingori MR,Moresco KS,Pureur RP,Gelain DP,Moreira JCF

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Children may be inherently more vulnerable than adults to the lethal effects associated with chemical warfare nerve agent (CWNA) exposure because of their closer proximity to the ground, smaller body mass, higher respiratory rate, increased skin permeability and immature metabolic systems. Unfortunately, there have on...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Wright LK,Lee RB,Vincelli NM,Whalley CE,Lumley LA

更新日期：2016-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Arsenic (As), a ubiquitous toxic metal, is an important environmental and industrial pollutant throughout the world. Inorganic As (iAs) is usually more harmful than organic ones and with a high risk of diabetes incidence by exposure. However, the toxicological effects of iAs on growth and function of pancreatic β-cell...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Lu TH,Su CC,Chen YW,Yang CY,Wu CC,Hung DZ,Chen CH,Cheng PW,Liu SH,Huang CF

更新日期：2011-02-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The phototoxic potentials of quinolone derivatives and the possibility of free radical contribution to their phototoxicity were investigated by measuring increments in ear thickness. Balb/c mice, fasted overnight, were orally administered ofloxacin (OFLX), lomefloxacin (LMFX), enoxacin (ENX), ciprofloxacin (CPFX) and ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Wagai N,Tawara K

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acrylonitrile (AN) showed spectral interaction with hepatic microsomes from mouse, rat and man. Whereas human and rat liver microsomes resulted in ligand AN-binding spectra, mouse liver microsomes behaved differently. Hepatic microsomes from phenobarbital-treated mice with AN showed a type I substrate binding; ligand ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Appel KE,Peter H,Bolt M,Bolt HM

更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The incidence of spontaneous neoplasms in outbred, inbred and F1 hybrid strains was compared using the Charles River-CD rat and mouse, the F344 rat, and B6C3HF1 mouse. These strains are commonly used in carcinogenic studies. Each strain has a consistent pattern of tumor occurrence; testicular, pituitary and lymphoreti...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Sher SP,Jensen RD,Bokelman DL

更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relative toxicity of three legacy and six emerging brominated flame retardants* was studied in the male Harlan Sprague Dawley rat. The hepatocellular and thyroid toxicity of each flame retardant was evaluated following five-day exposure to each of the nine flame retardants (oral gavage in corn oil) at 0.1-1000 μmo...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Shockley KR,Cora MC,Malarkey DE,Jackson-Humbles D,Vallant M,Collins BJ,Mutlu E,Robinson VG,Waidyanatha S,Zmarowski A,Machesky N,Richey J,Harbo S,Cheng E,Patton K,Sparrow B,Dunnick JK

更新日期：2020-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The necessity to protect humans from the adverse effects of chemicals on structure and function of the developing and/or mature nervous system is increasingly recognized among regulatory bodies throughout the world. Whereas structural changes dominated much of neurotoxicological research in the past, functional marker...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Winneke G,Lilienthal H

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The data obtained from in vitro systems utilizing human cells and tissues should form a basic part of the information necessary for risk assessment. The most important thing for such systems is, therefore, to simulate the structures and functions of cells and tissues in the native organ as closely as possible. In desi...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Emura M,Ochiai A,Hirohashi S

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:alpha-Zearalanol (alpha-ZAL), a phytochemical with both antioxidant and estrogen-like properties, has been shown to retard progression of atherosclerosis and regulate cardiovascular function in part through suppression of endothelin-1 (ET-1) secretion. However, the precise nature behind alpha-ZAL-elicited inhibition o...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Xu H,Duan J,Dai S,Wu Y,Sun R,Ren J

更新日期：2008-07-10 00:00:00