Structural characteristics of supramolecular assemblies formed by guanidinium-cholesterol reagents for gene transfection.

abstract：:An inborn deficiency in the ability of aldolase B to split fructose 1-phosphate is found in humans with hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI). A stable isotope procedure to elucidate the mechanism of conversion of fructose to glucose in normal children and in HFI children has been developed. A constant infusion of D-[...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gopher A,Vaisman N,Mandel H,Lapidot A

更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Murine suppressor T-cell hybridoma cells (231F1) secrete not only bioactive glycosylation-inhibiting factor (GIF) but also an inactive peptide comparable to bioactive GIF peptide in its molecular size and reactivity with anti-GIF; the amino acid sequence of the inactive peptide is identical to that of the bioactive ho...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nakano T,Liu YC,Mikayama T,Watarai H,Taniguchi M,Ishizaka K

更新日期：1995-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:A regeneration chamber was created in vivo by suturing a synthetic tube sealed at its distal end onto the proximal stump of a severed rat sciatic nerve. Nerves regenerated into tubes coated with laminin at a rate of 0.33 mm/day after a lag of about 2 days. At 25 days, regenerating nerves had extended 23% farther into ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Toyota B,Carbonetto S,David S

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have cloned an additional member (GC-D) of the membrane receptor guanylyl cyclase [GTP pyrophosphate-lyase (cyclizing), EC 4.6.1.2] family that is specifically expressed in a subpopulation of olfactory sensory neurons. The extracellular, putative ligand-binding domain of the olfactory cyclase is similar in primary ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fülle HJ,Vassar R,Foster DC,Yang RB,Axel R,Garbers DL

更新日期：1995-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to be important signal molecules that are involved in biotic and abiotic stress responses as well as in growth regulation. However, the molecular mechanisms by which ROS act as a growth regulator, as well as how ROS-dependent growth regulation relates to its roles in stress resp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mabuchi K,Maki H,Itaya T,Suzuki T,Nomoto M,Sakaoka S,Morikami A,Higashiyama T,Tada Y,Busch W,Tsukagoshi H

更新日期：2018-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was undertaken to characterize bile acid metabolism in hereditary forms of hypertriglyceridemia. Ten hypertriglyceridemic patients (type IV phenotype) with familial combined hyperlipidemia and 7 patients with monogenic familial hypertriglyceridemia (FHTG) were compared with 18 healthy controls; all subjects...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Angelin B,Hershon KS,Brunzell JD

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Realizing the goal of the Paris Agreement to limit global warming to 2 °C by the end of this century will most likely require deployment of carbon-negative technologies. It is particularly important that China, as the world's top carbon emitter, avoids being locked into carbon-intensive, coal-fired power-generation te...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lu X,Cao L,Wang H,Peng W,Xing J,Wang S,Cai S,Shen B,Yang Q,Nielsen CP,McElroy MB

更新日期：2019-04-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Expressions are developed for weak single pair emission probability and strong emission average number of pairs. The water transparency cutoff is closely realized, showing that the fundamental time scale is even shorter. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schwinger J

更新日期：1993-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper, we report an example of the engineered expression of tetrameric β-galactosidase (β-gal) containing varying numbers of active monomers. Specifically, by combining wild-type and single-nucleotide polymorphism plasmids at varying ratios, tetrameric β-gal was expressed in vitro with one to four active monom...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li X,Jiang Y,Chong S,Walt DR

更新日期：2018-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Climate change is expected to alter the distribution and abundance of many species. Predictions of climate-induced population extinctions are supported by geographic range shifts that correspond to climatic warming, but few extinctions have been linked mechanistically to climate change. Here we show that extinctions o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McLaughlin JF,Hellmann JJ,Boggs CL,Ehrlich PR

更新日期：2002-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Thousands of large intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) have been identified in the mammalian genome, many of which have important roles in regulating a variety of biological processes. Here, we used a custom microarray to identify lincRNAs associated with activation of the innate immune response. A panel of 159 lincR...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li Z,Chao TC,Chang KY,Lin N,Patil VS,Shimizu C,Head SR,Burns JC,Rana TM

更新日期：2014-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:A method is described in which the interference of radiated second-harmonic electric fields generated by a pair of oriented molecules intercalated into double-stranded DNA is controlled and measured. The results show that the relative molecular orientation of the two molecules significantly changes the magnitude of th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Doughty B,Rao Y,Kazer SW,Kwok SJ,Turro NJ,Eisenthal KB

更新日期：2013-04-09 00:00:00

abstract：:A 978-base-pair gene that encodes thymidylate synthase (TS; 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate:dUMP C-methyltransferase, EC 2.1.1.45) from Lactobacillus casei has been synthesized and inserted into Escherichia coli expression vectors. The DNA sequence contains 35 unique restriction sites that are located an average of 28 ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Climie S,Santi DV

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When two phases of water are at equilibrium, the ratio of hydrogen isotopes in each is slightly altered because of their different phase affinities. This isotopic fractionation process can be utilized to analyze water's movement in the world's climate. Here we show that equilibrium fractionation ratios, an entirely qu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Markland TE,Berne BJ

更新日期：2012-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe here the successful establishment of a reverse genetics system for rotavirus (RV), a member of the Reoviridae family whose genome consists of 10-12 segmented dsRNA. The system is based on the recombinant vaccinia virus T7 RNA polymerase-driven procedure for supplying artificial viral mRNA in the cytoplasm....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Komoto S,Sasaki J,Taniguchi K

更新日期：2006-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Citizenship endows legal protections and is associated with economic and social gains for immigrants and their communities. In the United States, however, naturalization rates are relatively low. Yet we lack reliable knowledge as to what constrains immigrants from applying. Drawing on data from a public/private natura...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hainmueller J,Lawrence D,Gest J,Hotard M,Koslowski R,Laitin DD

更新日期：2018-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:A duplex 21 nucleotide small interfering RNA (siRNA) against human Keap1 is described that represents a unique class of cancer chemopreventive agent. This siRNA can knockdown Keap1 mRNA and thereby relieve negative regulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated gene expression. The siRNA...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Devling TW,Lindsay CD,McLellan LI,McMahon M,Hayes JD

更新日期：2005-05-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The Wnts are a family of glycoproteins that regulate cell proliferation, fate decisions, and differentiation. In our study, we examined the contribution of Wnts to the development of ventral midbrain (VM) dopaminergic (DA) neurons. Our results show that beta-catenin is expressed in DA precursor cells and that beta-cat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Castelo-Branco G,Wagner J,Rodriguez FJ,Kele J,Sousa K,Rawal N,Pasolli HA,Fuchs E,Kitajewski J,Arenas E

更新日期：2003-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Adult stem cells represent unique populations of undifferentiated cells with self-renewal capacity. In many tissues, stem cells divide less often than their progeny. It has been widely speculated, but largely untested, that their undifferentiated and quiescent state may make stem cells more efficient as donors for clo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li J,Greco V,Guasch G,Fuchs E,Mombaerts P

更新日期：2007-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Theories of density-dependent natural selection predict that evolution should favor those genotypes with the highest per capita rates of population growth under the current density conditions. These theories are silent about the mechanisms that may give rise to these increases in density-dependent growth rates. We hav...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guo PZ,Mueller LD,Ayala FJ

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is shown that a very simple semiempirical equation represents quite accurately the thermodynamic properties of aqueous sodium chloride from 373 to 823 K. The equation comprises one Margules term and a Debye-Hückel term. Just the one Margules parameter is freely adjustable because the Debye-Hückel parameter is deter...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pitzer KS,Li YG

更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A human craniofacial cDNA library was screened with a degenerate oligonucleotide probe based on the conserved third helix of homeobox genes. From this screening, we identified a homeobox gene, H6, which shared only 57-65% amino acid identity to previously reported homeodomains. H6 was physically mapped to the 4p16.1 r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stadler HS,Padanilam BJ,Buetow K,Murray JC,Solursh M

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been recently shown that malignant activation of the c-has/bas proto-oncogene in T24 human bladder carcinoma cells was mediated by a single point mutation. A deoxyguanosine located at position 35 of the first exon of this proto-oncogene was substituted by thymidine. These findings predicted that the resulting o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Santos E,Reddy EP,Pulciani S,Feldmann RJ,Barbacid M

更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A computational model is presented that can be used as a tool in the design of safer chemicals. This model predicts the rate of hydrogen-atom abstraction by cytochrome P450 enzymes. Excellent correlations between biotransformation rates and the calculated activation energies (delta Hact) of the cytochrome P450-mediate...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yin H,Anders MW,Korzekwa KR,Higgins L,Thummel KE,Kharasch ED,Jones JP

更新日期：1995-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Streptococcus pneumoniae cause considerable morbidity and mortality, with persistent neurological sequelae, particularly in young children and the elderly. It is widely assumed that carriage occurs through direct mucosal colonization from the environment whereas meningitis results from invasion from the blood. However...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： van Ginkel FW,McGhee JR,Watt JM,Campos-Torres A,Parish LA,Briles DE

更新日期：2003-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) signaling is essential for normal embryonic development in many organisms, including frog, mouse, zebrafish, and sea urchin. The mode of action of PDGFR signaling during early development is poorly understood, however, mostly because inhibition of signaling through eithe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Van Stry M,Kazlauskas A,Schreiber SL,Symes K

更新日期：2005-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:To define the gene content of the HLA class I region, cDNA selection was applied to three overlapping yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs) that spanned 1 megabase (Mb) of this region of the human major histocompatibility complex. These YACs extended from the region centromeric to HLA-E to the region telomeric to HLA-F....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wei H,Fan WF,Xu H,Parimoo S,Shukla H,Chaplin DD,Weissman SM

更新日期：1993-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in the thyroid hormone receptor α 1 gene (THRA) have recently been identified as a cause of intellectual deficit in humans. Patients present with structural abnormalities including microencephaly, reduced cerebellar volume and decreased axonal density. Here, we show that directed differentiation of THRA muta...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Krieger TG,Moran CM,Frangini A,Visser WE,Schoenmakers E,Muntoni F,Clark CA,Gadian D,Chong WK,Kuczynski A,Dattani M,Lyons G,Efthymiadou A,Varga-Khadem F,Simons BD,Chatterjee K,Livesey FJ

更新日期：2019-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:How much free energy is irreversibly lost during a thermodynamic process? For deterministic protocols, lower bounds on energy dissipation arise from the thermodynamic friction associated with pushing a system out of equilibrium in finite time. Recent work has also bounded the cost of precisely moving a single degree o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bryant SJ,Machta BB

更新日期：2020-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:We demonstrate the application of molecular rotational spectroscopy to measure the conformation isomerization rate of vibrationally excited pent-1-en-4-yne (pentenyne). The rotational spectra of single quantum states of pentenyne are acquired by using a combination of IR-Fourier transform microwave double-resonance sp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dian BC,Brown GG,Douglass KO,Rees FS,Johns JE,Nair P,Suenram RD,Pate BH

更新日期：2008-09-02 00:00:00