Bottom-up single-molecule strategy for understanding subunit function of tetrameric β-galactosidase.

abstract：:The crown gall teratoma tumor line BT37, incited by Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain T37, has been found to contain part of the tumor-inducing plasmid, pTi T37, of the inciting strain. This foreign DNA segment, called T-DNA, is maintained at several copies per diploid tumor cell. We have examined subcellular DNA fract...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chilton MD,Saiki RK,Yadav N,Gordon MP,Quetier F

更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An oligomeric intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway of peptidoglycan was isolated from B. megaterium. The oligomer has been identified as [disaccharide(pentapeptide)]12 pyrophosphoryl undecaprenol. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fuchs-Cleveland E,Gilvarg C

更新日期：1976-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Active coping underlies a healthy stress response, but neural processes supporting such resilient coping are not well-known. Using a brief, sustained exposure paradigm contrasting highly stressful, threatening, and violent stimuli versus nonaversive neutral visual stimuli in a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fM...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sinha R,Lacadie CM,Constable RT,Seo D

更新日期：2016-08-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Early abstract reasoning has typically been characterized by a "relational shift," in which children initially focus on object features but increasingly come to interpret similarity in terms of structured relations. An alternative possibility is that this shift reflects a learned bias, rather than a typical waypoint a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Carstensen A,Zhang J,Heyman GD,Fu G,Lee K,Walker CM

更新日期：2019-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：:During exercise, increased energy demands are met by increased glucose production that occurs simultaneously with the increased glucose uptake. We had previously observed that, during exercise, metabolic clearance rate of glucose (MCR) increases markedly in normal, but only marginally in poorly controlled diabetic dog...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miles PD,Yamatani K,Lickley HL,Vranic M

更新日期：1991-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of prostate cancer pathogenesis and development of new therapies have been hampered by a lack of appropriate mouse models. We have generated PSA-Cre-ER(T2) mice that express the tamoxifen-dependent Cre-ER(T2) recombinase selectively in prostatic epithelium, thus allowing us to target floxed genes selectively i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ratnacaram CK,Teletin M,Jiang M,Meng X,Chambon P,Metzger D

更新日期：2008-02-19 00:00:00

abstract：:During or immediately after synthesis in vertebrate cells, the oncogenic protein-tyrosine kinase pp60v-src associates with the approximately 90-kDa heat-shock protein (hsp90). In this complex, pp60v-src is not functional as a kinase. When pp60v-src is subsequently found inserted into the plasma membrane, it is active ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xu Y,Lindquist S

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The synaptic vesicle membrane protein synaptotagmin (tagmin) is essential for fast, calcium-dependent, neurotransmitter release and is likely to be the calcium sensor for exocytosis, because of its many calcium-dependent properties. Polyphosphoinositides are needed for exocytosis, but it has not been known why. We now...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schiavo G,Gu QM,Prestwich GD,Söllner TH,Rothman JE

更新日期：1996-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:For many agronomically important plant genes, only their position on a genetic map is known. In the absence of an efficient transposon tagging system, such genes have to be isolated by map-based cloning. In bread wheat Triticum aestivum, the genome is hexaploid, has a size of 1.6 x 10(10) bp, and contains more than 80...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stein N,Feuillet C,Wicker T,Schlagenhauf E,Keller B

更新日期：2000-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:A selenium-containing protein, selenoprotein A, is an essential component of the clostridial glycine reductase complex. This enzyme complex catalyzes the reductive deamination of glycine, which is coupled to the esterification of orthophosphate resulting in the formation of ATP. Sequence information was obtained by au...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sliwkowski MX,Stadtman TC

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) proteins are Ca(2+)-regulated transcription factors that control gene expression in many cell types. NFAT proteins are heavily phosphorylated and reside in the cytoplasm of resting cells; when cells are stimulated by a rise in intracellular Ca(2+), NFAT proteins are dephospho...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sharma S,Findlay GM,Bandukwala HS,Oberdoerffer S,Baust B,Li Z,Schmidt V,Hogan PG,Sacks DB,Rao A

更新日期：2011-07-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The Black Death, originating in Asia, arrived in the Mediterranean harbors of Europe in 1347 CE, via the land and sea trade routes of the ancient Silk Road system. This epidemic marked the start of the second plague pandemic, which lasted in Europe until the early 19th century. This pandemic is generally understood as...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schmid BV,Büntgen U,Easterday WR,Ginzler C,Walløe L,Bramanti B,Stenseth NC

更新日期：2015-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The primary product of biological nitrogen fixation, ammonia, reversibly regulates nitrogenase activity in a variety of diazotrophs by a process called "NH4(+)-switch-off/on." Strong correlative evidence from work in Azospirillum lipoferum and Rhodospirillum rubrum indicates that this regulation involves both the inac...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fu H,Burris RH,Roberts GP

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Differential rates of AIDS development and/or T4 lymphocyte depletion in HIV-1-infected individuals remain unexplained. The hypothesis that qualitative differences in selection pressure in vivo may account for different rates of disease progression was addressed in nine eligible study participants from a cohort of 315...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang WK,Essex M,McLane MF,Mayer KH,Hsieh CC,Brumblay HG,Seage G,Lee TH

更新日期：1996-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Renal excretion of water and major electrolytes exhibits a significant circadian rhythm. This functional periodicity is believed to result, at least in part, from circadian changes in secretion/reabsorption capacities of the distal nephron and collecting ducts. Here, we studied the molecular mechanisms underlying circ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zuber AM,Centeno G,Pradervand S,Nikolaeva S,Maquelin L,Cardinaux L,Bonny O,Firsov D

更新日期：2009-09-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The crystal structure of the decapeptide Boc-Aib-Glu(OBzl)-Leu-Aib-Ala-Leu-Aib-Ala-Lys(Z)-Aib-OMe (where Aib is alpha-aminoisobutyryl, Boc is t-butoxycarbonyl, OBzl is benzyl ester, and Z is benzyloxycarbonyl) illustrates a parallel zipper arrangement of interacting helical peptide columns. Head-to-tail NH...OC hydrog...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Karle IL,Flippen-Anderson JL,Uma K,Balaram P

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Here, we report the isolation and characterization of an endogenous peptide ligand of GPR103 from rat brains. The purified peptide was found to be the 43-residue RF-amide peptide QRFP. We also describe two mouse homologues of human GPR103, termed mouse GPR103A and GPR103B. QRFP binds and activates the human GPR103, as...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Takayasu S,Sakurai T,Iwasaki S,Teranishi H,Yamanaka A,Williams SC,Iguchi H,Kawasawa YI,Ikeda Y,Sakakibara I,Ohno K,Ioka RX,Murakami S,Dohmae N,Xie J,Suda T,Motoike T,Ohuchi T,Yanagisawa M,Sakai J

更新日期：2006-05-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Identifying presynaptic mechanisms of general anesthetics is critical to understanding their effects on synaptic transmission. We show that the volatile anesthetic isoflurane inhibits synaptic vesicle (SV) exocytosis at nerve terminals in dissociated rat hippocampal neurons through inhibition of presynaptic Ca(2+) inf...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Baumgart JP,Zhou ZY,Hara M,Cook DC,Hoppa MB,Ryan TA,Hemmings HC Jr

更新日期：2015-09-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Ecosystem restoration aims to restore biodiversity and valuable functions that have been degraded or lost. The Coral Triangle is a hotspot for marine biodiversity held in its coral reefs, seagrass meadows, and mangrove forests, all of which are in global decline. These coastal ecosystems support valuable fisheries and...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Williams SL,Ambo-Rappe R,Sur C,Abbott JM,Limbong SR

更新日期：2017-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The proteins cdc2 and cyclin form a heterodimer (maturation promoting factor) that controls the major events of the cell cycle. A mathematical model for the interactions of cdc2 and cyclin is constructed. Simulation and analysis of the model show that the control system can operate in three modes: as a steady state wi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tyson JJ

更新日期：1991-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Urinary acidification by the turtle bladder is due to a H+-ATPase that is located in the luminal membrane. The rate of H+ transport is stimulated by an increase in the ambient CO2. Using the fluorescent dye acridine orange, we showed that the mitochondria-rich cell of this equilibrium contains vesicles whose internal ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gluck S,Cannon C,Al-Awqati Q

更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms ensuring balanced growth remain a critical question in developmental biology. In plants, this balance relies on spatiotemporal integration of hormonal signaling pathways, but the understanding of the precise contribution of each hormone is just beginning to take form. Brassinosteroid (BR) hormone is sho...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vragović K,Sela A,Friedlander-Shani L,Fridman Y,Hacham Y,Holland N,Bartom E,Mockler TC,Savaldi-Goldstein S

更新日期：2015-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Thirty percent of the 189 tumors studied to date express DNA polymerase beta variants. One of these variants was identified in a prostate carcinoma and is altered from isoleucine to methionine at position 260, within the hydrophobic hinge region of the protein. Another variant was identified in a colon carcinoma and i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sweasy JB,Lang T,Starcevic D,Sun KW,Lai CC,Dimaio D,Dalal S

更新日期：2005-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Circulating peripheral blood cells and disaggregated yolk sac cells were obtained from normal mouse embryos as early as day 9 of gestation, prior to the formation of the fetal liver. These were cultured in vitro in plasma clots or methylcellulose, in the presence of either embryonic fluid or adult spleen cell-conditio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wong PM,Clarke BJ,Carr DH,Chui DH

更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The heme-copper oxidases constitute a superfamily of terminal dioxygen-reducing enzymes located in the inner mitochondrial or in the bacterial cell membrane. The presence of a mechanistically important covalent bond between a histidine ligand of the copper ion (Cu(B)) in the active site and a generally conserved tyros...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rauhamäki V,Baumann M,Soliymani R,Puustinen A,Wikström M

更新日期：2006-10-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Glycoprotein Ib is a surface membrane glycoprotein of platelets that functions as a receptor for von Willebrand factor. It is a heterodimer composed of an alpha and a beta chain linked by a disulfide bond(s). A phage lambda gt11 cDNA expression library prepared from mRNA from a human erythroleukemia cell line, HEL, wa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lopez JA,Chung DW,Fujikawa K,Hagen FS,Papayannopoulou T,Roth GJ

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of sleep's putative functions is mediation of adaptation to waking experiences. Chronic stress is a common waking experience; however, which specific aspect of sleep is most responsive, and how sleep changes relate to behavioral disturbances and molecular correlates remain unknown. We quantified sleep, physical, e...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nollet M,Hicks H,McCarthy AP,Wu H,Möller-Levet CS,Laing EE,Malki K,Lawless N,Wafford KA,Dijk DJ,Winsky-Sommerer R

更新日期：2019-02-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Ocular dominance (OD) plasticity in mouse primary visual cortex (V1) declines during postnatal development and is absent beyond postnatal day 110 if mice are raised in standard cages (SCs). An enriched environment (EE) promotes OD plasticity in adult rats. Here, we explored cellular mechanisms of EE in mouse V1 and th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Greifzu F,Pielecka-Fortuna J,Kalogeraki E,Krempler K,Favaro PD,Schlüter OM,Löwel S

更新日期：2014-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:In making sense of the visual world, the brain's processing is driven by two factors: the physical information provided by the eyes ("bottom-up" data) and the expectancies driven by past experience ("top-down" influences). We use degraded stimuli to tease apart the effects of bottom-up and top-down processes because t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gorlin S,Meng M,Sharma J,Sugihara H,Sur M,Sinha P

更新日期：2012-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Small RNAs (sRNAs) are important components of posttranscriptional regulation. These molecules are prevalent in bacterial and eukaryotic organisms, and involved in a variety of responses to environmental stresses. The functional characterization of sRNAs is challenging and requires highly focused and extensive experim...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Modi SR,Camacho DM,Kohanski MA,Walker GC,Collins JJ

更新日期：2011-09-13 00:00:00