Abstract:
:Motivated behaviors are often initiated in response to perturbations of homeostasis. Indeed, animals and humans have fundamental drives to procure (appetitive behaviors) and eventually ingest (consummatory behaviors) substances based on deficits in body fluid (e.g., thirst) and energy balance (e.g., hunger). Consumption, in turn, reinforces motivated behavior and is therefore considered rewarding. Over the years, the constructs of homeostatic (within the purview of the hypothalamus) and reward (within the purview of mesolimbic circuitry) have been used to describe need-based vs. need-free consumption. However, many experiments have demonstrated that mesolimbic circuits and "higher-order" brain regions are also profoundly influenced by changes to physiological state, which in turn generate behaviors that are poised to maintain homeostasis. Mesolimbic pathways, particularly dopamine neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and their projections to nucleus accumbens (NAc), can be robustly modulated by a variety of energy balance signals, including post-ingestive feedback relaying nutrient content and hormonal signals reflecting hunger and satiety. Moreover, physiological states can also impact VTA-NAc responses to non-nutritive rewards, such as drugs of abuse. Coupled with recent evidence showing hypothalamic structures are modulated in anticipation of replenished need, classic boundaries between circuits that convey perturbations in homeostasis and those that drive motivated behavior are being questioned. In the current review, we examine data that have revealed the importance of mesolimbic dopamine neurons and their downstream pathways as a dynamic neurobiological mechanism that provides an interface between physiological state, perturbations to homeostasis, and reward-seeking behaviors.
journal_name
Front Psychiatryjournal_title
Frontiers in psychiatryauthors
Hsu TM,McCutcheon JE,Roitman MFdoi
10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00410subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-09-03 00:00:00pages
410issn
1664-0640journal_volume
9pub_type
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journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
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doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00609
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abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00931.]. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
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abstract::Socioeconomic status is a strong predictor of normative development and well-being in young people. It is well-known that growing up in a socioeconomically disadvantaged context may lead to negative outcomes, both in childhood and in adulthood. Early intervention and prevention programmes are crucial for building resi...
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journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
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journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Task-based connectivity studies facilitate the understanding of how the brain functions during cognition, which is commonly impaired in schizophrenia (SZ). Our aim was to investigate functional connectivity during a working memory task in SZ. We hypothesized that the task-negative (default mode) network and the cognit...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
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journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
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journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
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abstract::Post-stroke depression (PSD) is one of the most frequent complications of stroke. The Yi-nao-jie-yu prescription (YNJYP) is an herbal prescription widely used as a therapeutic agent against PSD in traditional Chinese medicine. Disruption of adult neurogenesis has attracted attention as a potential cause of cognitive p...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
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doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00486
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journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00167
更新日期:2019-03-29 00:00:00
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journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00034
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journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2011.00038
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journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00511
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journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
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journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00695
更新日期:2018-12-18 00:00:00
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journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00124
更新日期:2020-02-26 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Loss aversion is a central and well operationalized trait behavior that describes the tendency for humans to strongly prefer avoiding losses to making equivalent gains. Human decision-making is thus biased toward safer choices. Aim:The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between loss aversion ...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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