Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) improves the immune function and decreases morbidity, mortality and opportunistic infections (OIs) in HIV-infected patients. However, since the use of HAART, immune restoration disease (IRD) has been described in association with many OIs. Our objective was to determine the proportion of IRD, changes in CD4+ T-cell count and possible risk factors of IRD in HIV-infected patients. METHODS:A retrospective study of all HIV- infected patients starting HAART between September 1, 2005 and August 31, 2006 at Zewditu memorial hospital HIV clinic, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia was conducted. All laboratory and clinical data were extracted from computerized clinic records and patient charts. RESULTS:A total of 1166 HIV- infected patients with mean ± SD age of 36 ± 9.3 years were on HAART. IRD was identified in 170 (14.6%) patients. OIs diagnosed in the IRD patients were tuberculosis (66.5%, 113/170), toxoplasmosis (12.9%, 22/170), herpes zoster rash (12.9%, 22/170), Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (4.1%, 7/170), and cryptococcosis (3.5%, 6/170). Of the 170 patients with IRD, 124 (72.9%) patients developed IRD within the first 3 months of HAART initiation. Low baseline CD4+ T-cell count (odds ratio [OR], 3.16, 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.19-4.58) and baseline extra pulmonary tuberculosis (OR, 7.7, 95% CI, 3.36-17.65) were associated with development of IRD. Twenty nine (17.1%) of the IRD patients needed to use systemic anti-inflammatory treatment where as 19(11.2%) patients required hospitalization associated to the IRD occurrence. There was a total of 8 (4.7%) deaths attributable to IRD. CONCLUSIONS:The proportion and risk factors of IRD and the pattern of OIs mirrored reports from other countries. Close monitoring of patients during the first three months of HAART initiation is important to minimize clinical deterioration related to IRD.
journal_name
AIDS Res Therjournal_title
AIDS research and therapyauthors
Huruy K,Kassu A,Mulu A,Wondie Ydoi
10.1186/1742-6405-7-46subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-12-21 00:00:00pages
46issn
1742-6405pii
1742-6405-7-46journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:The high rate of HIV-1 mutation and increasing resistance to currently available antiretroviral (ART) therapies highlight the need for new antiviral agents. Products derived from natural sources have been shown to inhibit HIV-1 replication during various stages of the virus life cycle, and therefore represen...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-6405-3-15
更新日期:2006-05-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To describe the development and the psychometric properties of the Istituto Superiore di Sanità-HIV symptoms scale (lSS-HIV symptoms scale). METHODS:The ISS-HIV symptom scale was developed by an Italian working team including researchers, physicians and people living with HIV. The development process went t...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12981-016-0102-2
更新日期:2016-04-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Separately, chronic alcohol ingestion and HIV-1 infection are associated with severe skeletal muscle derangements, including atrophy and wasting, weakness, and fatigue. One prospective cohort study reported that 41% of HIV-infected patients met the criteria for alcoholism, however; few reports exist on the c...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-6405-8-30
更新日期:2011-08-16 00:00:00
abstract::Susac's Syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune endotheliopathy of cerebral, retinal and cochlear arterioles. We report of an HIV-infected woman who developed a first SS episode following a spontaneous reduction of plasma viral load and several relapses six years later, following initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy (...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-6405-10-22
更新日期:2013-09-03 00:00:00
abstract::APOBEC3G (A3G) and APOBEC3F (A3F) are DNA-mutating enzymes expressed in T cells, dendritic cells and macrophages. A3G/F have been considered innate immune host factors, based on reports that they lethally mutate the HIV genome in vitro. In vivo, A3G/F effectiveness is limited by viral proteins, entrapment in inactive ...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12981-017-0173-8
更新日期:2017-09-12 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED: OBJECTIVE:To investigate anti-infective treatments in HIV-infected surgical patients during the perioperative period. METHODS:A retrospective study of sepsis and surgical site infections (SSIs) was conducted in 266 HIV-infected patients. The patients were divided into 3 groups based on CD4+ T cells counts...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-6405-9-36
更新日期:2012-11-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:People who inject drugs (PWID) living with HIV often experience sub-optimal antiretroviral therapy (ART) treatment outcomes, including HIV plasma viral load (PVL) rebound. While previous studies have identified risk factors for PVL rebound among PWID, no study has examined the perspectives of PWID who have e...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12981-016-0108-9
更新日期:2016-07-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Voriconazole is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 and CYP 3A4. Drug-drug interactions and genetic polymorphisms modulate their activities. CASE PRESENTATION:A 35-year old African female patient with resistant HIV and a cerebral mass of unknown origin was treated with voriconazole for a suspicion of ...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-6405-11-25
更新日期:2014-08-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Minocycline is a tetracycline antibiotic that has been shown to attenuate central nervous system (CNS) lentivirus infection, immune activation, and brain injury in model systems. To initiate assessment of minocycline as an adjuvant therapy in human CNS HIV infection, we conducted an open-labelled pilot study...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-6405-8-17
更新日期:2011-05-12 00:00:00
abstract::Bone health status is largely absent in South Africa, the main reasons being the absence and cost-effectiveness of specific screening equipment for assessing bone mineral density (BMD). Various risk factors seem to play a role, some of which can be modified to change bone health status. Urbanisation is also a public h...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12981-017-0162-y
更新日期:2017-07-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:HLA-B*57:01 screening was added to clinical care guidelines in 2008 to reduce the risk of hypersensitivity reaction from abacavir. The uptake of HLA-B*57:01 screening and incidence of hypersensitivity reaction were assessed in a prospective clinical cohort in the United States to evaluate the effectiveness o...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12981-019-0217-3
更新日期:2019-01-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) is a multifocal angioproliferative neoplasm characterized by inflammation, oedema, neoangiogenesis and spindle cell proliferation. The pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated KS (HIV-KS) is multifactorial. HHV-8 is an essential factor but not in itself sufficient to ...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-6405-5-2
更新日期:2008-01-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Antiretroviral therapy (ART) use by people living with HIV reduces HIV transmission, morbidity, mortality, and improves quality of life. Good ART adherence is required to achieve these benefits. We investigated how the environmental, social, economic and behavioural experiences of people living with HIV with...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12981-018-0214-y
更新日期:2019-01-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tubular dysfunction is common in HIV-infected people and detection of proteinuria is essential to identify this problem. In low-income countries, resources for detection of proteinuria using the Kidney Disease Improve Global Outcomes (KDIGO) gold standard urinary protein/creatinine ratio (uPCR) is rarely pos...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12981-015-0047-x
更新日期:2015-03-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:HIV/AIDS has orphaned 11.6 million children in sub-Saharan Africa. Expanded antiretroviral therapy (ART) use may reduce AIDS orphanhood by decreasing adult mortality and population-level HIV transmission. METHODS:We modeled two scenarios to measure the impact of adult ART use on the incidence of orphanhood ...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-6405-8-13
更新日期:2011-03-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation is common but difficult to predict in HIV-infected persons. OBJECTIVE:Since qualitative VZV antibodies can determine past VZV disease or vaccination, we evaluated whether quantitative VZV antibody levels over time can predict future zoster. STUDY DESIGN:US Military...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12981-018-0212-0
更新日期:2018-12-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Moringa oleifera Lam., an herb commonly consumed by HIV-infected people on antiretroviral therapy, inhibits cytochrome P450 3A4, 1A2 and 2D6 activity in vitro; and may alter the pharmacokinetics (PK) of antiretroviral drugs metabolized via the same pathways. However, in vitro drug interaction activity may no...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12981-017-0140-4
更新日期:2017-03-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:South Africa has a huge burden of illness due to HIV infection. Many health care workers managing HIV infected patients, particularly those in rural areas and primary care health facilities, have minimal access to information resources and to advice and support from experienced clinicians. The Medicines Info...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-6405-8-4
更新日期:2011-01-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite the conventional approaches to HIV prevention being the bedrock for early reductions in HIV infections in Uganda, innovations that demonstrate reduction in risk to infection in vulnerable populations need to be embraced urgently. In the past 2 years, a USAID-funded project tested a quality improvemen...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12981-018-0190-2
更新日期:2018-01-25 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To compare outcomes with single tablet regimens (STR) versus multi-tablet regimens (MTR) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment using published data. DESIGN:Systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of literature on approved and investigational HIV regimens. METHODS:The research followed...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1186/s12981-018-0204-0
更新日期:2018-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the significant success of combination anti-retroviral therapy to reduce HIV viremia and save lives, HIV-1 infection remains a lifelong infection that must be appropriately managed. Advances in the understanding of the HIV infection process and insights from vaccine development in other biomedical fields such ...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12981-017-0177-4
更新日期:2017-09-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Practical screening strategies are necessary to detect neurocognitive impairment of all severities in HIV populations, which remains prevalent despite highly active antiretroviral therapy and requires full neuropsychological testing for diagnosis. We aimed to develop a brief and clinically feasible battery t...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12981-019-0224-4
更新日期:2019-04-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The search for disease biomarkers within human peripheral fluids has become a favorable approach to preventative therapeutics throughout the past few years. The comparison of normal versus disease states can identify an overexpression or a suppression of critical proteins where illness has directly altered a...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-6405-7-21
更新日期:2010-07-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A 4-week, uninterrupted treatment with 9-(2-phosphonyl-methoxypropyly)adenine (PMPA, commonly called tenofovir) completely prevents simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmne) infection in cynomolgus macaques if treatment begins within 24 hours after SIVmne inoculation, but is less effective if treatment is delay...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-6405-3-29
更新日期:2006-11-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is widely used in the management of HIV-infection, but has been associated with renal impairment in a small proportion of patients. Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), a novel prodrug of tenofovir, causes less renal impairment and can improve renal function in patients switched f...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12981-019-0256-9
更新日期:2019-12-07 00:00:00
abstract:: The December 2011 5th International Workshop on HIV Persistence during Therapy addressed the issue of HIV persistence among 210 scientists from 10 countries involved in the study of HIV reservoirs and the search of an HIV cure. High quality abstracts were selected and discussed as oral or poster presentations. The ai...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-6405-9-7
更新日期:2012-03-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Identifying those at increased risk of death during TB treatment is a priority in resource-constrained settings. We performed this study to determine predictors of mortality during TB treatment. METHODS:We performed a retrospective analysis of a TB surveillance population in a high HIV prevalence area that ...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12981-015-0076-5
更新日期:2015-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::Intracellular levels of glutathione are depleted in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in whom the risk of tuberculosis, particularly disseminated disease is many times that of healthy individuals. In this study, we examined the role of glutathione in immunity against tuberculosis infection in samples de...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-6405-3-5
更新日期:2006-02-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A negative status following confirmatory Early Infant Diagnosis (EID) is the desired pediatric outcome of prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) programs. EID impacts epidemic control by confirming non-infected HIV-exposed infants (HEIs) and prompting timely initiation of ART in HIV-infected babi...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12981-019-0245-z
更新日期:2019-09-14 00:00:00
abstract::High rates of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) resistance was a key consideration in the WHO policies transitioning first-line regimens to include integrase inhibitors (dolutegravir [DTG]). However, recent data suggests a relationship between DTG and neural tube defects among women exposed durin...
journal_title:AIDS research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/s12981-019-0220-8
更新日期:2019-02-22 00:00:00