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Substantial Antigenic Drift in the Hemagglutinin Protein of Swine Influenza A Viruses.

Abstract：

:The degree of antigenic drift in swine influenza A viruses (swIAV) has historically been regarded as minimal compared to that of human influenza A virus strains. However, as surveillance activities on swIAV have increased, more isolates have been characterized, revealing a high level of genetic and antigenic differences even within the same swIAV lineage. The objective of this study was to investigate the level of genetic drift in one enzootically infected swine herd over one year. Nasal swabs were collected monthly from sows (n = 4) and piglets (n = 40) in the farrowing unit, and from weaners (n = 20) in the nursery. Virus from 1-4 animals were sequenced per month. Analyses of the sequences revealed that the hemagglutinin (HA) gene was the main target for genetic drift with a substitution rate of 7.6 × 10-3 substitutions/site/year and evidence of positive selection. The majority of the mutations occurred in the globular head of the HA protein and in antigenic sites. The phylogenetic tree of the HA sequences displayed a pectinate typology, where only a single lineage persists and forms the ancestor for subsequent lineages. This was most likely caused by repeated selection of a single immune-escape variant, which subsequently became the founder of the next wave of infections.

journal_name

Viruses

journal_title

Viruses

authors

Ryt-Hansen P,Pedersen AG,Larsen I,Kristensen CS,Krog JS,Wacheck S,Larsen LE

doi

10.3390/v12020248

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-02-23 00:00:00

issue

2

issn

1999-4915

pii

v12020248

journal_volume

12

pub_type

杂志文章

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