Fatalism as a traditional cultural belief potentially relevant to trauma sequelae: Measurement equivalence, extent and associations in six countries.

Abstract:

:Background: Fatalism, known as the propensity to believe that one's destiny is externally determined, has so far been examined selectively, and not yet in a cross-cultural study. Moreover, a general, non-data-based speculation assumes that fatalism occurs to a lesser extent in countries of the Global North than in the Global South. Objective: Fatalism as a global psychological belief seems to have a prima facie validity, but this is to be investigated by measurement equivalence calculations across different countries from different world regions. Furthermore, socio-demographic and cultural geographic associations with fatalism scores will be investigated. Method: A six items fatalism scale was introduced in six large population-based samples from Europe, Africa, and Latin America (total n = 6'537). Testing of invariance followed standardized procedures for cross-cultural comparisons with a comprehensive parallel analysis. Regression analyses provided information on associations with socio-demography and cultural geography. Results: The fatalism construct divided into accentuated pessimistic and non-judgmental subscores in five of the six countries. The German sample showed the highest fatalism scores compared to almost all other countries. In particular higher age and lower educational attainment determine fatalism scores across countries. An explorative analysis of the associations between PTSD symptoms and fatalism scores for African countries revealed small correlations. Discussion: Fatalism as indicated by its subscores seems not to be an exclusive phenomenon of countries with higher economic and socio-cultural vulnerability. For all countries, sociodemographic groups can be identified in which these parts of a traditional belief system are more pronounced. Only for a subset of the countries examined has it been possible to analyse the associations with trauma. Further elaborated analyses in other samples should follow. :Antecedentes: El fatalismo, conocido como la propensión a creer que el destino de uno está determinado externamente, hasta ahora ha sido estudiado de forma selectiva, pero no aún en un estudio transcultural. Por otra parte, una especulación general, no basada en datos, asume que el fatalismo ocurre en menor grado en países del hemisferio norte que en los del hemisferio sur.Objetivo: El fatalismo como una creencia psicológica global parece tener a primera vista validez, pero será investigado por cálculos de equivalencias de medición en diferentes países de regiones mundiales diferentes. Asimismo, se estudiarán las asociaciones demográficas y culturales con puntajes de fatalismo.Método: Una escala de seis ítems fue introducida en seis amplias muestras poblacionales de Europa, África, y América Latina (total n=6,537). Se realizaron procedimientos estandarizados para comparaciones transculturales con un análisis completo paralelo, seguido de pruebas de invarianza. El análisis de regresión proveyó información en las asociaciones con socio-demografía y geografía cultural.Resultados: El constructo de fatalismo, fue dividido en dos sub-puntuajes acentuados pesimista y no crítico, en cinco de los seis países. La muestra alemana mostró los puntajes más altos de fatalismo comparado con todos los otros países. En particular la edad avanzada y el bajo nivel educacional determinan los puntajes de fatalismo en los países. Un análisis exploratorio de las asociaciones entre síntomas de TEPT y puntajes de fatalismo para países africanos reveló pequeñas correlaciones.Discusión: El fatalismo, al ser indicado por sus sub-puntajes parece no ser un fenómeno exclusivo de países con alta vulnerabilidad socio-cultural y económica. En todos los países, se pueden identificar grupos sociodemográficos en los cuales estos aspectos de un sistema tradicional de creencias son más pronunciados. Sólo fue posible examinar las asociaciones con trauma en un subgrupo de los países. Deberían realizarse futuros análisis detallados en otras muestras. :背景:宿命论指倾向于相信一个人的命运是外在决定的。目前为止只对其进行了部分研究,且尚无跨文化研究。另外,一种并无数据基础普遍假设,南半球国家的宿命论思想程度小于北半球国家。目的:作为全球心理信念的宿命论似乎具有表面有效性,但这需要通过来自不同世界区域的不同国家的测量等效性的计算来证实。此外,将调查社会人口和文化地理与宿命论得分的关联。方法:在来自欧洲、非洲和拉丁美洲的6个大人口样本中(总样本 n= 6,537)施测了6题目宿命论量表。等效性测试遵循进行跨文化比较的标准化程序和综合的平行分析。回归分析提供了与社会人口学和文化地理的关联性。结果:在六个国家中有五个国家的宿命论结构分为强调的悲观和非判断性两个分量表。德国样本表现出比几乎所有其他国家更高的宿命论分数。 年龄较大和教育程度较低决定了各国样本的宿命论分数。在非洲国家对 PTSD症状和宿命论评分之间的关联进行的探索性分析显示出较小相关。讨论:子分数表明的宿命论似乎不是具有较高经济和社会文化脆弱性的国家的独有现象。在所有国家中都可以发现一些社会人口统计学群体具有这种比较明显的传统信仰系统。仅对进行研究的一部分国家才有可能分析其与创伤的关联。对其他样本应进一步进行详细分析。.

journal_name

Eur J Psychotraumatol

authors

Maercker A,Ben-Ezra M,Esparza OA,Augsburger M

doi

10.1080/20008198.2019.1657371

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-09-02 00:00:00

pages

1657371

issue

1

issn

2000-8066

pii

1657371

journal_volume

10

pub_type

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