Neurobehavioral moderators of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) trajectories: study protocol of a prospective MRI study of recent trauma survivors.

Abstract:

:Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is triggered by distinct events and is therefore amenable to studies of its early pathogenesis. Longitudinal studies during the year that follows trauma exposure revealed typical symptom trajectories leading to either recovery or protracted PTSD. Thezneurobehavioral correlates of early PTSD symptoms' trajectories have not been longitudinally explored. Objective: To present the rationale and design of a longitudinal study exploring the relationship between evolving PTSD symptoms and co-occurring cognitive functioning and structural and functional brain imaging parameters. Method: Adult civilians consecutively admitted to a general hospital emergency room (ER) for traumatic injury will be screened for early PTSD symptoms suggestive of chronic PTSD risk, and consecutively evaluated 1, 6 and 14 months following the traumatic event. Consecutive assessments will include structured clinical interviews for PTSD and comorbid disorders, self-reported depression and anxiety symptoms, a web-based assessment of cognitive domains previously linked with PTSD (e.g., memory, executive functions, cognitive flexibility), high-resolution structural MRI of both grey and white matter, functional resting-state connectivity, and fMRI tasks examining emotional reactivity and regulation, as well as motivation processing and sensitivity to risk and reward. Data analyses will explore putative cognitive predictors of non-remitting PTSD, and brain structural and functional correlates of PTSD persistence or recovery. Conclusion: This work will longitudinally document patterns of brain structures, connectivity, and functioning, predictive of (or associated with) emerging PTSD during the critical first year of after the traumatic event. It will thereby inform our understanding of the disorder's pathogenesis and underlying neuropathology. Challenges to longitudinal MRI studies of recent survivors, and methodological choices used to optimize the study's design are discussed. :Antecedentes: Los trastornos de estrés postraumático (TEPT) son desencadenados por distintos eventos y son por lo tanto susceptibles para estudios de su patogénesis temprana. Los estudios longitudinales durante el año que sigue la exposición al trauma revelan trayectorias de síntomas típicos que llevan tanto a la recuperación como al TEPT prolongado. Los correlatos neuroconductuales de las trayectorias de los síntomas tempranos del TEPT no han sido explorados longitudinalmente.Objetivo: Se presenta la justificación y el diseño de un estudio longitudinal explorando la relación entre los síntomas del TEPT en evolución y la co-ocurrencia del funcionamiento cognitivo y los parámetros de las imágenes cerebrales estructurales y funcionales.Método: Los adultos civiles ingresados consecutivamente a una sala de emergencia (ER en su sigla en inglés) de un hospital general por lesión traumática serán tamizados por los síntomas tempranos del TEPT sugerentes de riesgo de TEPT crónico, y evaluados consecutivamente a los uno, seis, y catorce meses luego del evento traumático. Las evaluaciones consecutivas incluirán entrevistas clínicas estructuradas para el TEPT y los trastornos comórbidos, auto-reporte de los síntomas de depresión y ansiedad, una evaluación online de los dominios cognitivos vinculados previamente con el TEPT (por ej., memoria, funciones cognitivas, flexibilidad cognitiva), MRI estructural de alta definición para tanto la materia blanca como para la gris, conectividad en estado de descanso funcional, y tareas de MRI funcional (fMRI en su sigla en inglés) examinando la reactividad emocional y la regulación, como también el procesamiento de la motivación y la sensibilidad al riesgo y a la recompensa. Los análisis de los datos explorarán supuestos predictores cognitivos del TEPT no remitidos, y los correlatos estructurales y funcionales del cerebro de la persistencia o recuperación del TEPT.Conclusión: Este trabajo documentará longitudinalmente los patrones de las estructuras cerebrales, conectividad, y predicción funcional de, o asociado con TEPT emergente durante el primer año crítico, luego de un evento traumático. Así, informará nuestro entendimiento de la patogénesis del trastorno y la neuropatología de base. Se discuten los desafíos de los estudios longitudinales de MRI con sobrevivientes recientes, y las decisiones metodológicas usadas para optimizar el diseño del estudio. :背景:创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)由不同事件引发,因此适合对其早期发病机制进行研究。创伤暴露后一年内的纵向研究揭示出典型的PTSD症状轨迹:恢复型PTSD或持续型PTSD。尚未有早期PTSD症状轨迹的神经行为方面相关的纵向研究。我们提出了一项纵向研究的理论和设计,探讨了不断发展的PTSD症状及并发的认知功能与脑结构和脑功能成像参数之间的关系。方法:将对连续因创伤性损伤被送往综合医院急诊室(ER)的成人进行筛查,以发现提示其存在持续型PTSD风险的早期PTSD症状,并在创伤事件发生后的一个月, 六个月和十四个月时连续进行评估。连续的评估将包括:针对PTSD及其并发症的结构性临床访谈,自我报告式的抑郁和焦虑症状,针对先前与PTSD相关的认知领域(例如,记忆,执行功能,认知灵活性)的网络评估,包含灰质, 白质的高分辨率结构MRI,静息态功能连接及检测情绪反应和调节的fMRI任务,以及动机处理和对风险及奖赏的敏感性。数据分析将研究持续型PTSD推定的认知预测因素,及PTSD持续或恢复的脑结构和功能连接。结论:这项工作将纵向记录在创伤事件发生后关键的第一年中脑结构, 脑连接及脑功能与PTSD的相关或预测作用。因此,它将有助于我们了解该疾病的发病机制及潜在的神经病理机制。讨论了针对近期创伤幸存者的纵向MRI研究面临的挑战及用于优化研究设计的方法选择。.

journal_name

Eur J Psychotraumatol

authors

Ben-Zion Z,Fine NB,Keynan NJ,Admon R,Halpern P,Liberzon I,Hendler T,Shalev AY

doi

10.1080/20008198.2019.1683941

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-11-11 00:00:00

pages

1683941

issue

1

issn

2000-8066

pii

1683941

journal_volume

10

pub_type

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