Trauma in the newsroom: social support, post-traumatic stress and post-traumatic growth among journalists working with terror.

Abstract:

:Background: Journalists who cover traumatic events are at risk of developing long-term impairment, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The exposure may also result in perceived positive outcomes, conceptualised as post-traumatic growth (PTG). Social support (SS) at work is one factor that might affect the outcome. Objective: To investigate the relationship between three subtypes of workplace SS (perceived support, received support, received recognition), and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and between SS and PTG in journalists who have covered a large terror attack. Furthermore, to examine the relationship between ethical dilemmas (ED) experienced while covering the incident, PTSS and PTG. Method: The study was performed as a web-based survey sent out eight to nine months after the incident to Norwegian journalists (N = 375) who covered the terror attack in Norway in 2011. Results: Journalists who received more support also reported a higher level of PTSS (r = .168, p = .044). Recognition and perceived support showed no significant association with PTSS. Journalists who received more recognition also experienced more PTG (r = .542, p < .001). Neither perceived nor received support were significantly associated with PTG. More ED was positively associated with both PTSS (r = .469, p < .001) and PTG (r = .402, p < .001). Conclusions: Journalists with more PTSS may have participated more in organised support such as debriefing activities in the aftermath of the coverage. Some journalists may have experienced stress related to a fear of causing additional harm to first-hand victims (ED). Others may have experienced PTG related to reflections and discussions about their ED in the aftermath of a coverage. Media companies may promote PTG among their journalists by developing a culture for recognition of employees' contributions during demanding missions. :Antecedentes: los periodistas que cubren eventos traumáticos corren el riesgo de desarrollar una discapacidad a largo plazo, como el trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT). La exposición también puede dar lugar a resultados positivos percibidos, conceptualizados como crecimiento postraumático (CPT). El apoyo social (AS) en el trabajo es un factor que podría afectar el resultado. Objetivo: investigar la relación entre tres subtipos de AS en el lugar de trabajo (apoyo percibido, apoyo recibido, reconocimiento recibido) y síntomas de estrés postraumático (SEPT) y entre AS y CPT en periodistas que han cubierto un gran ataque terrorista. Adicionalmente, examinar la relación entre los dilemas éticos (DE) experimentados al cubrir el incidente, SEPT y CPT. Método: El estudio se realizó como una encuesta basada en la web, enviada ocho a nueve meses después del incidente a periodistas noruegos (n = 375) que cubrieron el ataque terrorista en Noruega en 2011. Resultados: los periodistas que recibieron más apoyo también informaron un nivel más alto de SEPT (r = .168, p = .044). El reconocimiento y apoyo percibido no mostraron asociación significativa con SEPT. Los periodistas que recibieron más reconocimiento también experimentaron más CPT (r = .542, p <.001). Ni el apoyo percibido ni recibido se asociaron significativamente con el CPT. Más DE se asoció positivamente con SEPT (r = .469, p <.001) y CPT (r = .402, p <.001). Conclusiones: Los periodistas con más SEPT pueden haber participado más en apoyo organizado, como actividades de reporte y discusión (debriefing) después de la cobertura. Algunos periodistas pueden haber experimentado estrés relacionado con el temor de causar daño adicional a las víctimas de primera mano (DE). Otros pueden haber experimentado CPT relacionado con reflexiones y discusiones sobre su DE en las repercusiones de una cobertura. Las compañías de medios podrían promover el CPT entre sus periodistas desarrollando una cultura de reconocimiento de las contribuciones de los empleados durante misiones exigentes. :背景:报道创伤事件的记者有发生长期损害的风险,如创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)。暴露也可能导致感知到的积极结果,这个概念称为为创伤后成长(PTG)。工作中的社会支持(SS)是可能影响结果的一个因素。 目的:在报道了大规模的恐怖袭击事件的记者中,考察工作场所SS三种亚型(感知到的支持,获得的支持,接受认可)和创伤后应激症状(PTSS)的关系,以及SS和PTG之间的关系。此外,还要考察在报道事件时遇到的道德困境(ED)与PTSS和PTG之间的关系。 方法:这项网络调查是在2011年挪威恐怖袭击事件发生后8至9个月在挪威记者(N = 375)中进行的。 结果:报告获得更多支持的记者也报告了更高的PTSS水平(r = .168,p = .044)。认可和感知支持显示与PTSS没有显著关联。获得更多认可的记者也经历了更多的PTG(r = .542,p < .001)。感知和接受的支持都与PTG无显著关联。更多的ED与PTSS(r = .469,p <.001)和PTG(r = .402,p <.001)呈正相关。 结论:有更多PTSS的记者可能更多地参与了组织性支持,例如在报道后的汇报活动。一些记者可能担心对第一手受害者造成额外的创伤有关的压力(ED)。其他人可能在报道之后经历过PTG,这与他们的ED的反思和讨论有关。媒体公司对员工在执行严苛任务期间的贡献表示更多的认同,这种内部文化有助于在提高记者的PTG.

journal_name

Eur J Psychotraumatol

authors

Idås T,Backholm K,Korhonen J

doi

10.1080/20008198.2019.1620085

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-06-07 00:00:00

pages

1620085

issue

1

issn

2000-8066

pii

1620085

journal_volume

10

pub_type

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