Transdiagnostic culturally adapted CBT with Farsi-speaking refugees: a pilot study.

Abstract:

:Background: Approximately half of all asylum seekers suffer from trauma-related disorders requiring treatment, among them Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms. There is a lack of easily accessible, low-threshold treatments taking the cultural background into account. Culturally Adapted CBT (CA CBT) is a well evaluated, transdiagnostic group intervention for refugees, using psychoeducation, meditation, and Yoga-like exercises. Objective: An uncontrolled pilot study with male Farsi-speaking refugees from Afghanistan and Iran was conducted to investigate feasibility with this ethnic group; a group for which no previous CBT trials have been reported. Method: The participants were nine Farsi-speaking, male refugees with M.I.N.I./DSM-IV diagnoses comprising PTSD, major depressive disorder, and anxiety disorders. Treatment components were adapted to the specific cultural framework of perception of symptoms, causes, ideas of healing, and local therapeutic processes. Before and after 12 weeks of treatment, the primary outcome was assessed using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). Secondary outcome measures were the Posttraumatic Checklist, Patient Health Questionnaire, Somatic Symptom Scale, World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF), Affective Style Questionnaire (ASQ), and Emotion Regulation Scale (ERS). Results: Seven participants completed treatment. In the completer analysis, improvements were found on almost all questionnaires. Large effect sizes were seen for the GHQ-28 (d = 2.0), WHOQOL-BREF scales (d = 1.0-2.3), ASQ tolerating subscale (d = 2.2), and ERS (d = 1.7). With respect to feasibility, cultural adaptation seemed to be a crucial means to promote effectiveness. Conclusion: CA CBT may reduce general psychopathological distress and improve quality of life. Improvement in emotion regulation strategies may mediate treatment effects. More support should be provided to enhance coping with the uncertainty of asylum status and stressful housing conditions. CA CBT appears to be a promising transdiagnostic treatment, serving as an initial low-threshold therapy in a stepped care approach. :Planteamiento: Aproximadamente la mitad de los solicitantes de asilo sufren trastornos relacionados con el trauma que requieren tratamiento, entre ellos trastorno por estrés postraumático (TEPT), depresión, ansiedad y síntomas somáticos. Hay una falta de tratamientos de fácil acceso y umbral bajo que tienen en cuenta los antecedentes culturales. La TCC adaptada culturalmente (TCC AC) es una intervención grupal transdiagnóstica bien evaluada para los refugiados, que utiliza ejercicios de psicoeducación, meditación y de Yoga. Objetivo: Se realizó un estudio piloto no controlado con hombres refugiados de habla farsi de Afganistán e Irán para investigar la viabilidad con este grupo étnico, grupo para el cual no existen informes de ensayos previos de TCC. Método: Los participantes fueron nueve refugiados varones de habla farsi, con diagnósticos M.I.N.I./DSM -IV que comprenden TEPT, trastorno depresivo mayor y trastornos de ansiedad. Los componentes del tratamiento se adaptaron al marco cultural específico de percepción de síntomas, causas, ideas de curación y procesos terapéuticos locales. Antes y después de 12 semanas de tratamiento, el resultado principal se evaluó mediante el Cuestionario de Salud General (GHQ-28, siglas en inglés de General Health Questionnaire). Las medidas de resultado secundarias fueron la Lista de Verificación Postraumática (Posttraumatic Checklist), el Cuestionario de Salud del Paciente (Patient Health Questionnaire), la Escala de Síntomas Somáticos (Somatic Symptom Scale), el Cuestionario de Calidad de Vida de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (WHOQOL-BREF, siglas en inglés de World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire), el Cuestionario de Estilo Afectivo (ASQ, siglas en inglés de Affective Style Questionnaire), y la Escala de Regulación Emocional (ERS, siglas en inglés de Emotion Regulation Scale). Resultados: Siete participantes completaron el tratamiento. En el análisis más completo, se encontraron mejoras en casi todos los cuestionarios. Se observaron tamaños de efecto grandes para las escalas GHQ-28 (d = 2,0), WHOQOL-BREF (d = 1,0–2,3), la subescala de tolerancia ASQ (d = 2,2) y ERS (d = 1,7). Con respecto a la viabilidad, la adaptación cultural parece ser un medio crucial para promover la eficacia. Conclusión: La TCC AC puede reducir la angustia psicopatológica general y mejorar la calidad de vida. La mejora en las estrategias de regulación emocional puede mediar en los efectos del tratamiento. Debería prestarse más apoyo para mejorar la capacidad de afrontar la incertidumbre sobre el estado de asilo y condiciones de vivienda estresantes. La TCC AC parece ser un tratamiento transdiagnóstico prometedor, que sirve como una terapia de bajo umbral inicial en un abordaje de atención escalonada. :背景:大约有一半的避难者承受着需要治疗的创伤相关的疾病,这些疾病包括创伤后应激障碍(PTSD),抑郁,焦虑和躯体化症状。很少有易得的、低门槛的治疗方法考虑到文化差异的问题。文化适应CBT(CA CBT)是一种经过良好评估、跨诊断的难民群体干预方法。这一方法包括了心理教育、冥想和类瑜伽锻炼的内容。 目标:一个未经控制的初步研究针对来自阿富汗和伊朗的说波斯语的男性难民,以考察在这个种族群体中的可行性。而之前还没有任务这个群体中 关于CBT试验的报告。 方法:参与者是9名说波斯语的男性难民,经过M.I.N.I./DSM-IV诊断表现出了PTSD,重度抑郁症和焦虑症。专门针对文化框架对治疗方案进行了调整,包括对症状的认识,原因,治愈的想法和本地化咨询过程。在治疗之前和治疗后12周使用一般健康问卷(GHQ-28)对主要结果进行了测查。次级结果测量使用创伤后检查表,患者健康问卷,躯体化症状量表,世界卫生组织生活质量问卷(WHOQOL-BREF),情感风格问卷(ASQ)和情绪控制量表(ERS)。 结果:7名参与者完成了治疗,对完成者的分析发现,在所有问卷上均能够看到提高。在以下问卷上能够看到很大的效果量:在GHQ −28(d = 2.0),在WHOQOL-BREF问卷(d = 1.0-2.3),ASQ忍耐分量表上(d = 2.2),ERS上(d = 1.7)。就可行性而言,文化适应看起来是提升效果的重要方法。 结论:CA CBT可能减少一般精神病理学的痛苦,并提升生活质量。情绪控制策略的提升是治疗效果的中介因素。应该提供更多地支持,帮助他们提高对不确定的避难状态和有压力的居住环境的应对能力。CA CBT看起来是一种有希望的跨诊断性治疗方案,可以作为一种逐级关怀方案中初始的低门槛治疗方法。.

journal_name

Eur J Psychotraumatol

authors

Kananian S,Ayoughi S,Farugie A,Hinton D,Stangier U

doi

10.1080/20008198.2017.1390362

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-11-07 00:00:00

pages

1390362

issue

sup2

issn

2000-8066

pii

1390362

journal_volume

8

pub_type

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